Ubuntu Installation :: Creating Partitions Using Fdisk?
Sep 30, 2010
I have a dell poweredge 2950 server which had red hat on it. I have installed ubuntu on top of it. I have replaced master boot record during the installation of ubuntu as I dont want use red hat anymore. During the installation it asked me for the space I wanted to give for Ubuntu and I provided 10GB. Now I can use only 10GB of my harddrive until I mount other partitions correct?
So when I type sudo fdisk -l I get the below printed:
Code:
Disk /dev/sda: 146.2 GB, 146163105792 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 17769 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[Code]....
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Jul 17, 2010
After reading Markus Ewald blogpost on http:[url]...n-ssd-on-linux about Aligning an SSD on Linux I decided to give it a try.I have bought two 80 GB Intel X25-M SSD for my home server. The plan is to install Ubuntu 10.04 64-bit server and use the SSDs as system discs and vmware data storage using software raid for redundancy.After reading the blog post I am not sure how to make all my partitions aligned and set up on EBS (Erase Boundary Size)I am planning for four partitions:Boot, size 1GB
Root, size 25GB
Swap, size 4GB
Data storage for vmware server, size 40GB
According to Markus Ewald I should use 32 heads and 32 sectors.Using the live CD, I started using fdisk -S 32 -H 32 /dev/sda.Fdisk can create partitions using cylinders or sectors, and now I ran into trouble.
First partition /boot must start on cylinder 2 (or sector 1024). Size is 1 GB and the following partition should be aligned and start on a new EBS block. How do I do this with fdisk?Should the next partition start on a new cylinder? Otherwise, after formatting, fdisk gives a warning that the partition is not aligned to the cylinder size? The overall question is how to format four aligned partitions which all are aligned with Intels X25-M EBS. EBS for Intel X25-M is either 128KB or 512KB (Have not found a confirmed value yet)
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May 1, 2010
I'm currently running a Ubuntu 9.10 64bit machine with one of those 2TB WD disks that does have 4KB blocks.Unfortunately the current partition layout is misaligned, so I plan to back up my home directory and start fresh with a 10.04 install, trying to make the partitions aligned as suggested here:what I'm wondering is, does the 10.04 partitioning program take care of the alignment today or I have to resort doing manual partitioning with a separate tool?
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Dec 9, 2010
I have a physical drive of about 40GB, I want to create a partition of 10GB with FDISK on this drive.
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Jan 18, 2011
i have a question regarding how data is placed on a media, for example the daily used hdd: when we talk about storage we often speak in heads sectors and cylinders. my question is if heads, sectors and cylinder is the true way data exists on a hdd platter?
lets take for example, disk_x
1000.2gb = 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track 121601 cylinders.
fdisk -H 128 -S 32 /dev/disk_x each cylinder will be shrank to 2097152bytes, number of cylinders will grow to 476934. but everything will be much more aligned and readable or there is something i don't know and i will loose almost half of the total sector count on the hdd cause 63-32=31. i asked the partitioner just to use 32 sectors from each track and only 128 tracks of the cylinder.
or another example, if i have a cluster size of 4k. why not making each track use 56 sectors or 7 clusters. theoretically i have all files in my storage and each one of them occupies 14 clusters isn't it wiser to make it as described. what happens when i invoke fdisk -h -s params? what will be changed, the disc physically and the way it is accessed or only the partition table? you probably asking your self what the hell does this dude wants? i want to get maximum i/outputs and the widest bandwidth and the nicest readble partition tables and to understand better fdisk -H -S.
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Apr 24, 2010
I had a 500gb hard drive that I wanted to use on my Ubuntu system as a media storage drive. The drive originally had two partitions on it,one was a Dell Recovery partition and the other was a Windows Vista partition. Using the Palimpsest Drive Utility that comes with Ubuntu, I deleted both partitions,created a Ext3 partition using 100% of the space and copied my data to the drive. After I finally got fstab to load the drive, I found another problem. First of all, when Grub loads, two options it offers are:
Windows Vista (loader) on sdc1
Windows Vista (loader) on sdc3
Aside from that, 100% of the drive is not being used by the Ext3 partition.It is showing 434.6gb available on the drive. Fdisk is not showing any other partitions on this drive, so A) why are the Windows loader options showing up under Grub and B) why do I not have 500gb available?Here is a copy of the output fdisk -l:
Code:
Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80000000000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9726 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes[code]....
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Jun 2, 2010
I have a Pen drive which has been moving info between PC's and MAC. PC now sees and empty drive, also does the MAC.I've tried Testdisk & Photorec w/o success.Is there any way to recover the data?
Gorkon
p.s. fdisk -l results are:
Disk /dev/sdc: 1010 MB, 1010827264 bytes
[code]...
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May 7, 2010
I have a 120GB HDD with a 22GB partition for Ubuntu and the rest for Windows XP. Windows finally died on me so I attempted a fresh install on its partition. However, the install threw a ton of errors so I used a LiveCD to re-install Grub and I booted into Ubuntu. I open up the disk utility to re-format the Windows partition so I can re-try re-installing Windows, but immediately I notice that the partitions are not right. If you add up all the partitions, they are about, say, 18 million terabytes over my HDD's 120GB capacity. Ahhh! What do I do?
I don't think anything is terribly altered, since I can still boot into Ubuntu, but I am completely confused and slightly worried that I might kill any chances to save my HDD I can't post a screenshot due to my post count, so the image loses some of its efficacy in making it small enough for an attachment. Here is the output of fdisk -l: Code: omitting empty partition (5)
[Code]...
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Oct 30, 2010
My problem is that every time I try to install a version of Linux, my PC freezes(before or after creating the partitions) and just stops installing. I can't move the mouse cursor and that's it. This problem occured in trying to install Ubuntu and Fedora from cd and usb.
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Jan 26, 2010
I am preparing for RHCE. While doing the lab I renamed /etc/grub/grub.conf as grub1.conf. Now (obviously) system boots on grub> prompt. Can I recover without using a bootable CD? Another problem that I encountered was, while doing lab for fdisk, I used command umount -al. Now, fdisk -l is not listing the partitions but giving a message:- /proc/partitions does not exist. If I reboot the system this is restored.
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Jul 19, 2010
I would like to remove/create partitions on a harddrive without going into the menu of fdisk.
can one pass options to fdisk to create and delete without going into the menu? So that I can write a script to do that automatically.
Or if fdisk isn't capable, what other alternatives do I have?
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Feb 11, 2010
Anyone have a script, or method, that would allow (c)fdisk to divide a hard drive up into equal size primary partitions?
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Sep 18, 2009
I have 3 Ubuntu installations & a PCLINUXOS, plus Windows XP installed on one hard disk. I still can boot to each one of them and can mount each one using Ubuntu.
The problem "may" have occurred when I reduced the size of some linux partitions using gparted. I still have plenty of space in each of those partitions.
When I started gparted all of the HD was unallocated. I did that from each ubuntu installation and the PCLINUX installation, plus LIVECDs. All indicated the space was unallocated.
When I did an fdisk -l from a Puppy Linux LiveCD I got a normal start and ends of each partition.
When I tried it from Ubuntu installation or live cd, I received the following types of responses:
Code:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda5
Disk /dev/sda5: 28.5 GB, 28566397440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3473 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -u /dev/sda5
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 3473.There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Plus the Windows partition seems to go over its limits.
Since all of my OS installations are still working, I don't know how critical this is. From reading another post, I understand this might be able to be fixed by making some changes in fstab.
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Jun 30, 2010
I am installing Linux on some spare space I left over from my previous two Windows installations.
From within Linux, what's the most risk-free way of imaging these two partitions and saving them to a single image file or archive? I want to preserve the entire partition because I have no idea what I may have forgotten to copy. What is the most suitable program that can do this?
Is there any way to run the partition in a virtual machine at a later date?
After this is done, I want to delete those old partitions and extend my Linux ones.
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Jan 6, 2011
I have what I thought was a simple task of creating ISO images of my Windows 7 system partion and boot partiton (the C drive) on my physical hard drive that I could use to load Windows 7 onto a virtual machine. Anyway, I'm running Ubuntu off the CD drive and I can see my drive partions (checked using the fdisk -l command). I have tried many iterations of the mkisofs command, but no matter what I do I get the error message: unable to open disk image file 'dev/sdb/win7sys.iso'. I don't understand why it's trying to open an ISO file it is supposed to be creating. The -o FILE option sets the output file name, so the message makes no sense to me. Below is an example of a simple and longer version with more options that I have tried to create an image of my sytem partiton (sda1) and save it on an external drive (sdb) with the file name: win7sys.iso (the next step I think would be to create or merge both partition images as one iso file for the VM). But I can't get past this error.
Can anybody tell me what I'm doing wrong?
sudo mkisofs -o dev/sdb/win7sys.iso /dev/sda1
sudo sudo mkisofs -input-charset iso8859-1 -V win7sys -o dev/sdb/win7sys.iso /dev/sda1
* Note that the output after the -o parameter is the desired destination /dev/sdb (my external drive) for the image file and /dev/sda1 is my Windows 7 system or boot partition (sda2 is what Windows sees as the C drive).
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May 27, 2010
I'm trying to create some Linux partitions to install Slackware on my Lenovo W510 notebook and I'm getting some partition "errors" when using fdisk or cfdisk during the Slackware install. I have a feeling this is due to the hidden system restore partition and was wondering how others have dealt with this.
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Jan 19, 2010
I have been using GHOST for quite a few years to back up my Windoze partitions from NTFS to a series of images on a fat32 partition. I usually boot off a DOS7 bootable CD and simply ghost over to the fat32 partition.
I am rebuilding my laptops and desktops to dual boot Windows7 and Suse 11.2
My goal is to create restore images from my NTFS and ext3 partitions into directories on the fat32 partition for a restoration to my "gold baseline" build after any corruption.
My partition layout is below. This is output from gdisk.exe in DOS7. It's an 80gig drive.
1 = Windows-7
2 = /boot
3 = swap
5 = /
6 = /fat32
[Code]....
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Feb 8, 2011
My chief file server (Dell PE R300) died last week with a disk error, and because it serves the /usr/local and /home partitions via NFS to my ~60 desktops, nobody could do any work until I managed to rig up another server and pull data off the backups. I'm using RHEL 4.To avoid this in future my plan is to knock up a dual server solution with DRDB and Heartbeat.In the meantime, is there a better way to allow desktop users to carry on working as normal, without relying on the file server too much? i.e. something better than NFS but not LDAP (I don't want to implement this just yet as the organisation as a whole may do this in the future)? My users need to be able to access the same home area on any linux desktop managed by me.Also, to implement DRDB/Heartbeat, it might be best to have the home areas on an external array, is that right? Can anybody recommend some hardware?
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Dec 21, 2010
I am rebuilding a bunch of servers and want to do it right. They are Dell R200s and R300s with on-board LSI SAS1068E SCSI controllers with 2 SATA drives. The only RAID level supported on these cards is RAID 1. So, to the server, we have 148GB of space to deal with. They currently run 32-bit Ubuntu 8.10; I will be installing x64 Ubuntu 10.04.
I have always seen that it is best practice to partition in such a way that /boot, /var/log, /temp, and /home for example are separated out from /. Usually this is on a RAID5 or higher box. Is there any benefit to doing that sort of thing on a RAID1 box? I realize that this is in some ways a matter of opinion, but I would like the opinion of folks with experience. I'm pretty new to Linux in general.
The main services running on these boxes are Apache2, Tomcat6, MySQL, and Java.
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Mar 22, 2011
I used Ubuntu before, without problems but since the 10.04 version it won't recognize my partitions. I formated my laptop and partitioned it, installed Windows 7 64bit, which I need for my work, and wanted now to install Ubuntu 10.04/10. I then used GParted to check my Harddisk and it is having troubles to recognize my partitions, too while Windows finds them. GParted is giving me an error message saying my partitions are oversized. I am still in the beginning of my Linux experiences and so I don't know what to do. I have two 250GB harddisks (how Windows recognizes them),
[Code]....
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Mar 3, 2010
Xubuntu 9.04 installation CD not detecting any of the current partitions. This all started when I reinstalled windows XP a few days ago.After, the computer wouldn't boot into GRUB and would boot directly into windows.Other threads have dealt with a similar issue, that of overlapping partitions causing libparted/parted/gparted to detect the whole drive as unallocated space. The problem in these threads seemed to be a corrupted partition table, in which the partitions overlapped with each other. So of course I checked the output of fdisk -l for overlapping partitions, but I don't see any obvious overlapping partitions. I've noticed that the partition that used to be linux swap isn't showing up in the partition table at all. I might just be missing something simple here and would like another set of eyes to help me figure this one out. Does the problem have anything to do with the partition table being out of order (ie. not in order of what regions they cover on the drive)? From the liveCD I've run
Code:
sudo fdisk -lu
sudo sfdisk -d
sudo parted /dev/sda print
and have received the following output:
Code:
ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo fdisk -lu
omitting empty partition (5)
Disk /dev/sda: 60.0 GB, 60011642880 bytes
[code]....
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Feb 9, 2011
I am installing Ubuntu on the same hard drive as Windows 7. The partitions of Windows 7 have already occupied the left part of the hard drive. From left to right, the Windows partitions are one partition for Windows booting, one for Windows OS and software installation, and one for data which is planned to mount on Ubuntu. I was wondering how to arrange the order of partitions of root, home and swap, i.e. which is on the left just besides one Windows partition, which is in the middle and which is on the far right?
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Jun 25, 2011
I have installed 10.04 64bit on two machines that have different hardware. After the installation (that went perfectly by the way), I needed to add extra partitions on both machines. Normally I use fdisk for this, and on one machine this went OK. On the second machine, however, after starting fdisk, I got the warning message that a GUID Partition Table was found on the disk, and fdisk was not compatible.
This leads me to believe that during installation on the first machine fdisk was used to partition my harddisk, and on the second machine gdisk or gparted was used. Is this normal ? Is there a way at installation time to force the use of fdisk ?
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May 19, 2009
I've got an F10 install on an old IBM machine. I am trying to repartition the hard-drive, but all my fdisk commands in terminal give me errors. I made a DOS boot floppy on another machine so I could do it that way, but when I try to go from A: to C: the computer says I have no hard drive installed.
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Dec 18, 2010
Since I installed TinyXP on another partition on my PC, I get "omitting empty partition" when I use fdisk -l.
Code:
omitting empty partition (5)
Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
[Code].....
NOTE: I also searched for the palimpset error and I found a Bug Report there: [URL. I don't know if these informations could help to fix this problem, I think it's related and probably cause by the installation of Windows XP and the way that gparted and palimpset read the partitions.
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Jun 28, 2009
I have been using Redhat/Fedora for 11 years. I don't understand why Fedora 11, can't even do a vga graphical install, when Windows can.
I tried many parameters, including xdriver=vesa, and it cannot used graphical install.
So, I tried text install, which I have done many times in the past.
However, F11 seems crippled, in that it will NOT do the same install achievable from a graphical install.
It will NOT allow the use of fdisk, and it will NOT allow any selection of any packages.
What is the point of this option?
Even after trying all of this, for a dual boot install, and F11 claims to have installed, there is no grub or equivalent, and the computer just boots windows, just like Fedora 11 did absolutely nothing.
What are the options now? Why is text install so crippled and incomplete? Why is standard VGA mode so hard?
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May 3, 2010
I've created a USB startup disk under Ubuntu 10.04 lucid (Live CD), Ive selected the option to save system settings to the flashdrive with about 200MB usage, now that ive configured and customized the opperating system (on the flashdrive) I want to create a ISO from that flashdrive installation.
Once the ISO is created, I want to burn it, boot off the CD then create another startup disk but this time setting "Discard on shutdown" so no settings or files can be saved to the flashdrive, but my custom setup remains. "its for an internet cafe setup".
How do i recreate an ISO from the USB startup disk?
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Sep 27, 2010
Please bear with me as I'm incredibly new to Linux and shell scripting and all that good stuff. This will be a fairly lengthy post, as I don't really know which information is pertinent to the problem at hand and which is irrelevant. I installed Ubuntu on my Macbook following the instructions on this page: [URL].. At step 7, /dev/sda3 was not in the dropdown menu of options, so I picked...I can't remember. Either /dev/sda or /dev/sda2. I think this may be the beginning of the root of my problems. Step 8 is where it all falls apart. I get the following error message: "Status: MBR partition table is invalid, partitions overlap. Status: GPT partition of type 'Unknown' found, will not touch this disk."
Sooo since I can't sync the partitions, I can't get Linux to load unless I'm loading it from the LiveCD. I've tried steps 1-10 on this page:[URL].. However, under step 4, I could either "Save" the file randomly, without actually saving it to /mnt/root, or I could just open it and run the installer. I think I went into FF preferences and changed it to let me pick where each download would be saved, but when I actually clicked on the download link and then "Save", after finding the folder and clicking the final button (Which I think actually said "Open" instead of "Save"), nothing happened. I tried running the rest of the steps after just opening the installer on its own, but of course just got error messages. I hate not being able to troubleshoot this on my own!
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Feb 26, 2011
I am preparing an installation for a network with small subnetworks across the country.As such, I am setting up a central repository, but would like the installation of some machines to turn themselves into mirrors at installation time (at least for their own rpms) to save bandwidth for the rest of the machines in their own sub network.Is it somehow possible to set up a local mirror at installation time?I was watching how anaconda is installing from a repository and saw that it erases each downloaded rpm as soon as it is installed, but thought maybe someone here would have an idea.
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Mar 15, 2010
The instaler doesnt find my partitions and the XP that is installed too! For some reasons i cannot delete the whole hdd... if i format the partition, where (i want to install ubuntu) with fat, the pc crashes during the installing process after the tastaturlayout question! if i try some other formats, the installer tells me, that there are no Operating Systems installed and the hdd is unpartitioned!
if i start ubuntu live from the cd, the system finds all partitions, but if i run cfdisk in a terminal, i get a fatal error (cannot open disk space)... My machine is a acer aspire 1694 WLMi (pretty old, but should be no problem), bios is up to date, Windows is XP home edition with SP3.
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