Why use nash instead of busybox in initrd and initramfs? I'm just looking for pros and cons of both really (and any other applications with similar functionality). I'm currently leaning towards busybox being the better option, why redhat and fedora use nash in their initrd.
View 2 RepliesPrior to posting this I entered search arguments, "Busybox," then "initramfs" to attempt to find another user who may have experienced the same thing; if the solution is imbedded in the message threads, I must have missed it. On hand is a Ubuntu Server 8.04.3 installer CD. What works: Installs to a Mac Pro under both Parallels, and then under Fusion both were successful first try.
Install to a newly purchased 2 gig Acer Aspire One seems to have succeeded, but upon launching from Grub, Busybox/initramfs intercepts and halts the launch with an error I don't understand:
Starting up ...
Loading, please wait ...
Check root = bootary cat /proc/cmdline
[code]....
The new Acer-PC Aspire One was partitioned into four 80 gig partitions using the Paragon software to do the partitioning. XP is on the first, and Ubuntu Server on the next 80 gig partition. Install was "successfully" done from a Lite-On external CD/DVD over USB.
During the install I changed the default name from Ubuntu to something else (probably a bad idea), and I naively entered "/" root to answer the mount question (finding nothing to tell me what to do). Ubuntu required a disk driver choice from a long list - finding no reference or guidance as to what to enter, I naively entered IDE Generic, and it took (I guess it "took").
FWIW the Ubuntu installer didn't require me to indentify the mount entry or the disk driver during installs on my Mac (Fusion/Parallels).I did connect the Internet during the install. I did checkoff/install LAMP during the install from CD. Goal: To use Joomla in a mock server environment.
I either installed Hardy heron or its predecessor by accident, but began running it exclusively. I did it way back when while trying to create a test drive disk, and I did not repartition the drive, because all my windoze NT stuff survived. I'm now 8.04. Yesterday I had a bunch of updates to do, did them, closed a ton of windows and then pulled up 3 open office files and each, when it came up said there wasn't enough space to save all needed information as they opened. I then closed them and one hung and froze the whole machine, leading me to do a reset. This is BEFORE rebooting from the updates.
Now when I boot into Ubuntu (I'm dual boot) I start to get the opening Ubuntu GUI screen but then get :
BusyBox V1.1.3 (Debian 1.1.1.3-5ubuntu12)built in shell (ash) line followed by:
initramfs)
I'm essentially a total noob, I've rarely used command line and not for a long time. I made a version 11.04 live disk, and it says that the file system is clean, but will not show me any of my old files, only the NT files and directories. I have a ton of unbacked up important data in Hardy Heron so I don't want to do an install from the 11.04 CD.
I've read several threads so far, and can't seem to find anything addressing this that I understand. The drive is a 160GB drive on an HP Pavilion dual core that has a 154GB NTFS boot partition, which is where I'm sure the Hardy Heron files are, and a 6GB FAT32 HP_RECOVERY partition that windoze lists ad drive D (the NTFS is C) The live disk says the FAT32 partition is /dev/sda1 and the NTFS is /dev/sda2
Where should I start? I've seen stuff about booting into recovery mode, but that isn't an option when I boot from the hard drive, and the only older ubuntu disk I have is for 7.something and generates "defective CD" type error messages.
I have downloaded the latest Ubuntu 9.10 and used 'U904p' a program I had for creating 9.04 live USB I had before. I had 9.04 on the USB pen but thought that 9.10 would be better to install right away rather than upgrading it. So I run through the CLI and make it bootable and all that. I come to put in my pretty old (Spare parts mashed together) Linux box. I get this about 1 minute after the Ubuntu logo and loading bar:
Top of page: WARNING: Couldn't open directory /lib/modules/2.6.31-14-generic: No such file or directory
Then lots of 'FATAL: Could not load /lib/modules/2.6.31-14generic/modules.dep No Such file or directory'
Then I am dumped in to Busybox in initramfs command line. I have been googling and look around the forums all last night and this morning. I find loads of stuff from 9.04 but not 9.10? I tried the old 'Pull USB pen when Ubuntu log shows' and 'Changed SATA settings' turned them off in end, using IDE. Could it be that I created it using the old U904p program. I will look in to the newer one. Seen it about on forums. Otherwise any ideas? I am wanting to build a FOG box for imaging all my PC's and trailing it for work.
I just removed a proprietary (fglrx ) driver which didnt work out well.Now all my updates hanging on: Setting up initramfs-tools (0.98.1ubuntu6) ...update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)Setting up linux-image-2.6.36-020636-generic (2.6.36-020636.201010210905) ...Running depmod.update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.36-020636-genericAnd I dont know how to solve it...besides a clean install.
View 9 Replies View RelatedWhen I compile a custom kernel with this command: make-kpkg --initrd kernel_image kernel_headers and then install the .deb, there's no initrd in /boot and I have to create it manually. I've thought that the --initrd option should take care about this, but somehow it doesn't.
It behaves like this for about two years at least (since I've compiled my first kernel). Of course, it's no big deal to create it manually, I was just wondering whether do I do anything wrong or whether should I fill a bug report..
I am a complete stranger to Linux and don't know a thing about this . But my cousin has installed Fedora Linux ( she says it is Linux on Unix , Red Hat Nash ) on my laptop . The laptop was having Lotus symphony earlier and it had only single partition . As a result the Linux had overridden the existing OS and all the data is lost.
My requirement is to retrieve the lost data before I format my system again.. If it is possible to recover the lost data and if yes how to do that.
As the name says, I'm new to Linux. I've never even seen Linux. Super noob. I have installed Ubuntu 10.04 onto a Dell Dimension 2350 P4 1.8ghz, 1g ram, GForce 4x 128mb video card running XP. I installed from a Live CD and rebooted. The screen says "finishing Ubuntu install" does a countdown and loads into BusyBox instead. This is what I see:
BusyBox v1.1.3 (Debian 1:1.1.3-5ubuntu7) Built-in shell (ash)
Enter help for a list of built-in commands.
(initramfs)cannot mount /dev/sda1/tmpmountpoint
If I boot from the CD I get: Unable to find a medium containing a live file system I'm stuck, I don't know many commands so step by step. Simply saying 'load grub' means nothing to me.
I have a Linksys WRT54G with the Tomato firmware on it. So the system running on the router is Busybox 1.14., which as far as I know is Linux-based. I want to update the busybox to the newest version, using ipkg which is the only package manager it has installed on it. By the way, I use telnet to access the router. So I use # ipkg install (the url to newest busybox release) but at some point it stops and says:
mkdir: cannot create directory '//opt/usr/': Read-only file system
so what can I do? How can I make the filesystem read-write?
I am building a floppy linux distro and have compiled a custom kernel, toolchain, uClibc and busybox. It all fits and boots but says "Failed to execute /busybox attempting defaults" /busybox is executable and should have the shared libraries available. I created both a dynamic and static hello world program and nether will boot as init. The root fs mounts without issues. What is the problem? (Sorry, Do not have the log since this is a different box) (May try to get it over serial console)
View 9 Replies View RelatedI have tried numerous times to install ubuntu 10.04 through a CD and it always fails to boot. I get a message similar to this one: "BusyBox v1.10.2 (Ubuntu 1:1.10.2-2ubuntu7) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.
(initramfs) -"
I have ubuntu 9.10 installed at the moment, and when I update it to 10.04, through update, I still get the same message.
If I were installing from a cd like I was, I could MD5 test the ISO I downloaded and check the CD for defects, but what about when all I'm doing is updating from the update manager?
Howto install busybox with Gnome on a USB memory stick and make it bootable?
[URL]
I'm trying to run a shell script on a kern board (av1100) that shows some text output on the attached screen. The big problem is that the screen goes to blank in like 2 minutes.I'd just like to have the script showing it's output while the thing is on.Isn't there a command to stop the screen from going to blank?p.s. there is no bash available, just #!/bin/sh
Code:
#!/bin/sh
###########################################################
[code]....
I just did a simple debootstrap lenny /opt/lenny-chroot http://fpt.de.debian.org/debian There is no vmlinuz or initramfs under /opt/lenny-chroot/boot. What would be the next minimalistic necessary step to get it there?
View 1 Replies View RelatedFor a special purpose I needed a initramfs - that didn't work. So I reduced the initramfs setup to the simplest.
Mount the root and switch_root into it. But that didn't work either.
If I go with the init-script for the initramfs I posted below the system prints out the switch_root usage-text from busybox. But the syntax is right, ain't it?
When I use chroot instead of switch_root then it prints the usage-text of init before the kernel panic.
If I try with "/sbin/init 5" then, after a while the system reports "init: timeout opening/writing control channel /dev/initctl".
In the other cases I get the following error messages before the system hangs: "Kernel Panic", "Attempted to kill init", "init not tainted"
(With the init script below there is a error saying:"sh: can't access tty; job control turned off". I know why it's there - but don't know if it is connected to this problem.)
This information may be important:
- The machine boots from a usb-harddisk
- /sbin/init on the new root is available
- the system on newroot is sane and runs perfect standalone (without initramfs)
- the system on newroot uses baselayout-2 with openrc
- busybox is built as static binary
- busybox version is v1.15.3
Here is the relevant data:
My uname -a on that machine:
Code:
Content of the initramfs:
Code:
I have compiled the linux kernel. My bzImage is 1,14 mb big
Anyway. It's only 2 programs i need and it's Python and Busybox. I have compiled python and busybox and put them together in a folder. Busybox is 146 kb and pyton is 4,4 mb.
But how do i make an initrd file of them? Or should a make an initrd file of them?
I get this error when a runt with a compiled busybox to gz format as initrd, and without initrd.
Quote:
VFS: Cannot open root device "sda1" or unknow-block(0,0)
Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partions:
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(0,0)Pid: 1, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.38.3 #1
Do you know how to make an initrd?
creation of initrd manually(not using mkinitrd).
View 1 Replies View Relatedi am using rhel5 and i just wanted to see the contents of the initrd image. I have copied that from /boot/grub and saved in /tmp directory. Then i did the following
#mv initrd-2.6.18-53.el5.img initrd-2.6.18-53.el5.img.gz
#gunzip initrd-2.6.18-53.el5.img.gz
#mount -o loop initrd-2.6.18-53.el5.img /mnt
when i gave that, it says "mount: you must specify the filesystem type" Then i included "-t ext2" option in the mount command. Now it says,
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/loop0,
missing codepage or other error
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
dmesg | tail or so
Then i created a ext2 filesystem and did the same thing. But there is no difference.
I need to run an executable from initramfs which after executing should restart the system. How is it possible?.I tried using exec within the init of initramfs but it shows kernel panic (I guess exec after executing the binary it tries to exit and exiting with pid 1 is giving the panic).
View 2 Replies View Relatedi need to create new initrd image in sles10.2
View 1 Replies View Relatedhow to edit/create modules.dep.bin under initrd image. I actually want to insert a new module within the initrd image of suse 11 with sp1.
View 1 Replies View RelatedI am having trouble booting off a cdrom using isolinux. I see the isolinux prompt and it seems to boot but I run into:
RAMDISK: incomplete write (-28 != 32768 ) 131072000
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(8,2)
I can't seem to get much debug information either other than the two lines. What do you think I have a problem with?
I would like to modify my init.gz and add udp-sender to this image. After copying the program compiled on my system to init image I have error when I try run udp-sender: udp-sender not found When I checked ldd I saw that the some libraries are missing. I copied them from my system but still got the same error. how can I compile program for my init.gz?
View 3 Replies View RelatedI'm booting Gentoo off of a usb-stick. This has been working previously but now when I try to boot my stick it gets as far as executing the initramfs init script then restarts.The last two lines of my initramfs/init are:
Code:
echo "finished initramfs."
exec switch_root /new-root /sbin/init
[code]...
I run alot of Linux running in memory. Mainly by PXE booting a kernel and the entire OS as the "initrd" file.
I have a RHEL6 image running as a VirtualBox guest and the entire OS (minimal) is contained withing 1GB of disk. I wan't to boot the entire /dev/sda1 "/" (its the only partition on the drive, no swap) as the initrd file and run everything from memory. But grub won't let me. So before I try and re-invent the wheel I thought to post here first.
Details. RHEL 6 as guest in VIrtual BOX. configured with 3Gb memory. HD is single partition and known as /dev/sda1.
at the grub console. I issue
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-19.el6.x86_64 root=/dev/ram0
initrd (hd0,0)
But the grub windows just freezes. Apparently it doesn't like the fact that I've referenced the entire partition (hd0,0) as the initrd. Any thoughts? Or any better boot loader like SYSLINUX?
BTW, I am not worried about the /etc/fstab mentioning /dev/sda1 at this point, I have a fix for that already. I would like to see grub load up the partition as an initrd.
I did the update from within 9.10 to 10.4. Now when Ubuntu boots up, something happens and it goes to busybox. I tried sitting there and waiting, but nothing happened. So I tried typing exit, and then about a minute or two later it finally finished booting.
It's real nice that everyone else is reporting 20-30 second boot times, but before with 9.10 my boot time was around 60 seconds or so, and now it's around 5 minutes. So how can I fix this? Is there a way to post the boot log here? Where would it be located at on my computer?
I installed all recommended updates as suggested by the update manager, after installing was asked to restart. During this restart I get the error message "udevadmin trigger is not permitted while udev is unconfigured. After this I am left with a BusyBox v1.13.3 [...] (initramfs)_
View 1 Replies View RelatedLast week I took up the courage to replace my windows 7 completely with Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid). The Installation went fine and was happy with it.
And then on 10th I upgraded from 10.04 to 10.10 (so called perfect 10), when the laptop restarted it showed me BusyBox v 1.15.3 message on the Boot screen.
there mylaptop crashed due to extensive heat and i cant boot back to my ubuntu system. every time i try to boot back i get an error message and it only shows BusyBox this happened to me before but one day it just miraculously boot back, now that it happened again im afraid that ill have to reinstall so i went here...
here's the error im gettin
mount: mounting /dev on root/dev failed: No such file or directory
mount: mounting /sys on root/sys failed: No such file or directory
mount: mounting /proc on root/proc failed: No such file or directory
Target filesystemdoesnt have requested /sbin/init
No init found. Try passing init= bootarg.
Busybox v1.15.3 (Ubuntu 1:1.15.3-1ubuntu5) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for alist of built-in commands
I've been having a problem with this "BusyBox", and unlike windows, my files are not able to be "stolen" to another operating system. I need to get my files back from /home back.
View 1 Replies View Related