General :: Grub Booting Entire Partition As Initrd And Running In Memory
Apr 20, 2011
I run alot of Linux running in memory. Mainly by PXE booting a kernel and the entire OS as the "initrd" file.
I have a RHEL6 image running as a VirtualBox guest and the entire OS (minimal) is contained withing 1GB of disk. I wan't to boot the entire /dev/sda1 "/" (its the only partition on the drive, no swap) as the initrd file and run everything from memory. But grub won't let me. So before I try and re-invent the wheel I thought to post here first.
Details. RHEL 6 as guest in VIrtual BOX. configured with 3Gb memory. HD is single partition and known as /dev/sda1.
at the grub console. I issue
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-19.el6.x86_64 root=/dev/ram0
initrd (hd0,0)
But the grub windows just freezes. Apparently it doesn't like the fact that I've referenced the entire partition (hd0,0) as the initrd. Any thoughts? Or any better boot loader like SYSLINUX?
BTW, I am not worried about the /etc/fstab mentioning /dev/sda1 at this point, I have a fix for that already. I would like to see grub load up the partition as an initrd.
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Jul 29, 2011
I am having trouble booting off a cdrom using isolinux. I see the isolinux prompt and it seems to boot but I run into:
RAMDISK: incomplete write (-28 != 32768 ) 131072000
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(8,2)
I can't seem to get much debug information either other than the two lines. What do you think I have a problem with?
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May 24, 2010
I have just updated my Ubuntu linux to Ubuntu 10.4, not my grub menu isnt letting me boot to Windows Partition.The problem seems to be with grubs new update from using an editable menu.lst file to using a non editable grub.cfg file. Everywhere I look it states "DO NOT EDIT THE GRUB.CGF FILE". I am at a loss as what to do. I figured that the new configuration has screwed up the Windows Boot File. Anyone have any suggestions on how to fix this. I am not sure if it is a windows issue or an issue with the Grub boot menu.
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Feb 20, 2010
I'm very new to Linux but when I first installed it, I downloaded the Start-Up Manager so I could change the boot order. I have a dual boot Windows-Linux, I set the default as Windows. Recently my computer started booting to the system memory test in the grub menu instead of Windows. When I try to open the Start-Up Manager now it asks me for the password as usual and then does not start. How I would change it back to windows for the default? I'm running Ubuntu 9.10.
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Aug 5, 2011
I have got Windows XP Pro installed in my Laptop. It had 2 partitions. In C drive i have got Windows XP.Installed UBUNTU in E Drive. It did partiion E drive futher to install it. Had the GRUB RESCUE prompt initially. But after running the following got into the next problem.
Grub reinstall fix:
Boot Ubuntu live CD. Then run
sudo mount /dev/sdf5 /mnt
[code]....
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May 23, 2011
I just moved mu Ubuntu install partition and am now having a bit of trouble booting from GRUB.
After selecting Ubuntu, I get a black commad-line kind of thing (I can type, but can't actually run commands) and then after a few seconds it carries on to the Ubuntu desktop...
It's not the hugest problem in the world but I'd like to fix it if I can... I've reinstalled grub and run update-grub but that didn't change it.
I assume it's something to do with GRUB, not recognising where the beginning of the partition is any more, is there some way that I can manually force it to use the new position? Or would the reinstall/update-grub have done that already?
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Jul 11, 2011
i am putting a larger drive in my laptop, i have linux mint 10 KDE setup with all the software i need and running just the way i like it. is it possible to actually copy the entire partition to a external drive then place the partition back into my laptop with the new drive in it, and still have it all setup the way i had it?
basically so i dont have to reinstall everything and set it up again.if this is possible could you please explain how i can do it in the simpliest terms at all please.
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May 11, 2011
When we boot the kernel before loding the main file system it loads the temp file system through initrd how that initrd image works.
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Apr 3, 2010
I am trying to install Gentoo. Currently I have windows 7 on my primary Hard Drive.I decided to add in a second HDD that I got for free and use linux on that.I got through my entire install and at the end I accidently wrote grub to my second hard drive.When I rebooted it went straight to windows.So I have some questions. When installing to the secondary HDD does my boot partition and swap need to be on sda? or can they reside on sdb?Also I tried to re-issue the grub-install command and it said bash: command not found. How can I get grub to re-install? I tried to emerge it and same issue no command found.Do I need to redo the entire reinstall?My last question is If I have more then enough HDD space how much is too much for linux? Most people say 30 GB is all you need from what I have read but I assume 160 GB is going to go to waste?
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Oct 20, 2010
Code:
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 997 950 47 0 21 805
How can i reduce used memory?
openSUSE 11.3 (i586)
VERSION = 11.3
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Mar 17, 2011
That is my disk
Code:
fdisk -l
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 3724 29912998+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 29256 30401 9205245 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 3725 4271 4393777+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda4 * 4272 12104 62918572+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda5 3725 4271 4393746 82 Linux swap / Solaris
I want ot install a new opensuse 11.4 as yest another OS. Due to the fact that I already have 4 sda partitions, I have to make some changes. What I am thinking about is to copy the sda2 (windows recovery) data to some folder etc (nevermind), then delete the sda2. Then I want to create a new primary partition for the new suse 11.4 and install it. What is worying me is the grub boot menu. I was planning to edit the new one (the opensuse 11.4), with old data.
Code:
###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux###
title Desktop -- openSUSE 11.2 - 2.6.31.5-0.1
root (hd0,3)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31.5-0.1-desktop root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-Hitachi_HTS542525K9SA00_080105BB0F00WDHE41DC-part4 resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-Hitachi_HTS542525K9SA00_080105$
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.31.5-0.1-desktop .....
Now my question is will the settings of (hda0,n), change due to the fact that I have deleted the sda2? I have a lot of unused space at the end of my disk and want to create a new "sda2" there.
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Jul 24, 2010
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Jan 13, 2010
My Ubuntu 9.10 is intalled on a partition on my computer HDD. The other partition OS is Windows XP. My Windows uses McAfee as the antiviral program. Granted that linux is at a much less risk for viruses, some still apparently can slide through on incoming emails from Windows computers.
1) Will my Windows partition McAfee protect the entire computer?
2) If not, suggestions for an anti-viral program?
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Jul 20, 2011
I just formatted the partition that contains fedora 15 using windows.. Now when I attempt to boot my PC the grub bootloader comes up and I cannot boot anything.... The error that I get|| i feel i need a boot command to boot boot win7 from grub... grub propmts me " minimal bash-like line editing is supported. for the first word tab possible list a possible commands completion anywhere else tab list
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May 7, 2009
I am using CentOS 5.2 with GRUB booting a software RAID configuration. The first disk is md0 and is mirrored across sda1 and sdb1.I manually re-installed grub using grub-install and the machine will no longer boot off of the HD. The grub menu comes up, I can select my kernel the machine then jumps to loading the initrd and hangs.It will go no further. I have a live DVD that can boot from the HD. If I use that to first boot from the DVD, then specifiy the HD, it shows the same grub menu and then the machine boots fine w/o the initrd hang.I have tried re-installing grub but not been able to get the machine to work again w/o the DVD.
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May 18, 2010
When I compile a custom kernel with this command: make-kpkg --initrd kernel_image kernel_headers and then install the .deb, there's no initrd in /boot and I have to create it manually. I've thought that the --initrd option should take care about this, but somehow it doesn't.
It behaves like this for about two years at least (since I've compiled my first kernel). Of course, it's no big deal to create it manually, I was just wondering whether do I do anything wrong or whether should I fill a bug report..
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Mar 7, 2011
today some one of my friends removed /boot/grub directory from my pc. i tried both
root (hd0,0) Kernel /vm - but it's not coming (coz that file is already removed.
and after
root (hd0,0)
setup (hd0)
it showed grub file is installed but i couldn't find
/boot/grub/grub/conf or vm linuz
and after i used rescue method.
/sbin/grub-install /dev/sda
tried this method but still couldn't make effect.
[Code]...
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Jun 25, 2010
I'd like to build a compact x86 host running off a CompactFlash or some equivalent solid-state memory instead of from a SATA disk, to reduce the risk of failure once they're deployed at customers' premises. Those are SOHO users, so performance is not an issue, but stability is (The less I have to drive to replace faulty hardware and restore data, the better.)
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Feb 24, 2009
I'm running Debian testing and after a recent software update, suddenly I can no longer boot into my single Linux kernel image anymore. I did look at the software update before I did it and I don't believe that it removed any software packages. When I try to boot into my linux 2.6.26-1-amd64 image, I get the following message from grub:"error: unknown command `initrd'"..The same error appears if I try to boot into single-user mode. I have a Windows XP partition on the same hard disk and I am still able to boot into that from grub. I've searched the net and haven't really found my same problem replicated anywhere. I would imagine that the problem is just that somehow the initrd package got removed in my last software update, but again I don't recall seeing any software that the update planned to remove.
Any thoughts on how I would go about fixing this problem? Since I'm unable to get into Linux at all, I imagine I'll have to use a LiveCD to get in and fix the problem, but I don't know where to begin looking.
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Nov 30, 2010
I need to find the memory usage of a shared library loaded in Linux environment.
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Feb 25, 2010
I having a problem getting my grub loader to see one of my hard drives. I added a drive, and my grub loader lost track of where everything was. I couldn't get my old linux (Red Hat 9) so I installed SuSe on my new hard drive. But I need my be able to boot from my old hard drive because it has apps that only run on the earlier version. From /proc/partitions the old hard drive is sdd
major minor #blocks name
8 0 976762584 sda
8 1 2104483 sda1
8 2 20972857 sda2
[code]....
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Nov 2, 2010
Are there any tools to view/edit user space memory of running processes on Linux?
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May 24, 2010
I have succeeded in deleting my former Windows XP partition and it is now unallocated. How do I allocate all of the space to Ubuntu?
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Apr 10, 2011
I've searched some older posts and they said to use partimage, but this program doesn't support ext4 file systems. Here's the original post: [URL].. So how would someone backup their entire ext4 partition so the owner can mess around with some graphics drivers
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Dec 3, 2010
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Sep 17, 2010
I have installed vmlinuz and initrd.gz (squeeze) in /boot/newinstallation and added to Grub the lines:titleNova Instalaçãoroot(hd0,0)kernel/boot/newinstall/vmlinuzinitrd/newinstall/initrd.gzNevertheless, when I choose this option at the grub, it begins to start the kernel vmlinuz and thus restart the system. The installed Debian Lenny boots in a normal way.
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Dec 30, 2010
Does anyone know how I might enable my boot to Ubuntu again? Here is what I have found but do not know what I should fool with. I thought I would ask for help before I screw it up worse.I have Ubuntu 10.04.1 installed inside W7 effectivly creating a dual boot system. It's been running fine for about 2 months. Now when I try to boot into Ubuntu by selecting the boot Ubuntu option in the Windows Boot Manager, it fails and goes back to Windows Boot Manager. There are 2 screens that flash by in about 1/2 a second when enter is pressed after the ubuntu selection and before it reverts again to the Boot Manager. With the help of a camera and good timing, I captured a picture of the text displayed.
The first screen displays;Try (hd0, 0) NTFS5 No wubildrTry (hd0, 1) NTFS5 _The second screen displays;error unknown command loadfonterror file not foundIn the windows C: drive I find the 2 files; C:wubildr created 12/19/10 size 87kbC:wubildr.mbr created 11/7/10 size 8kb (created the date I installed Ubuntu)In C:ubuntuwinboot... I find the same two files with the same size and creation dates as in the windows c: drive. In addition I also find a file, C:ubuntuwinboot.wubuildr.cfg, created 11/7/10, size 2kb, described as a MS Office Outlook configuration file.There are also a files;C:ubuntudisksootgrub but the grub directory is empty. The grub directory was created 11/7/10. Should there be a file in the grub directory?
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Sep 24, 2010
I would like to copy an entire unmounted partition from one machine to another on my LAN. This is basically to perform a very direct backup of the partition.
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Jan 16, 2010
I decided to remove my Kubuntu partition until I can fully dedicate my time to figuring out linux (right now I need Windows for certain things, i.e. flash and my zune).
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When I click delete this is the message I get:
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Apr 21, 2010
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