Debian Configuration :: RAID - LVM - After Install ?
Aug 19, 2010
We've started using Debian based servers more and more in work and are getting the hang of it more and more every day. Right now I'm an ace at setting up partitions, software RAID and LVM volumes etc through the installer, but if I ever need to do the same thing once the system's up and running then I become unstuck.
Is there any way I can get to partman post-install, or any similar tools that do the same thing? Or failing that are there any simple guides to doing these things through the various command line tools?
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Nov 26, 2015
I'm having issues with a RAID array.
Setup is like this:
Debian Jessie, 2 hard disks, each having 2 partitions: /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2, /dev/sdb1, /dev/sdb2. Partitions were paired during installation, so they form /dev/md0 and /dev/md1. /dev/md0 is the root (/) partition, /dev/md1 is for /home.
At the end of the install process, I chose /dev/sda1 to carry Grub. And I think this is where I screwed things up.
After removing one of the hard drives, there was no boot capability. So, I installed Grub on /dev/sdb, too.
Now it displays the boot menu but cannot find the kernel. This is where I got lost in the process.
Do I need to reinstall the OS or is there a way to fix it? I suppose I have to edit Grub.
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Aug 29, 2015
Just setup with Debian 8 (LXDE) a few weeks ago. Raid10 array was preexisting.
Was working well. After booting I would need to go to the save as then would need to enter the root password and everything would be good.
Can't access the array.
Used to use the command $ mount /dev/dm-o /home/myspace/folder under Debian 7.6 to mount the array (no longer works).
blkd lists a /dev/md0 but instead of UUID it is PTUUID
[Code] .....
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Mar 21, 2011
I have 2x 1.5TB hard disks and I'm going to buy a new 2TB drive soon. First though I just wanted to check that I could partition off the first 1/4 to 1/3 of the 2TB drive (leaving 1.5TB or more free) and install Debian to that part, then use the remainder of the disk in combination with the 2x 1.5 TB drives in RAID 5? i.e. can you mix whole drives and with partitions from other drives in RAID 5 and/or is it best to just stick with complete drives for the RAID array?I only have room for 3 drives in the small mATX case that houses my NAS device and I want to maximise storage capacity and minimise expense.
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Feb 20, 2016
How can i get a RAID virtual image disk?
What i need is to mount several directories from any other partiton (or file system) as a new merge file system that can grow or decrease depending on the free space. As if it was a dinamic RAID,so i can work with huge files distributed over the partitions mounted.
Ejemp: /mnt/sda1/dir_raid1 + /home/dir_raid2 + /mnt/sda3/dir_raid3 ---> /mnt/RAID/
mhddfs and unionfs <---- are not the solution im searching (cant use huge files)
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Mar 4, 2010
I'm trying to do some RAID managing with mdadm. I would like to sync my spare disk and then remove it from the array for making a backup out of it with dd command (the best way i can think of to get the current image of the whole system as it can't be done using the active RAID as source, because is constantly in use and changing). So, I have RAID1 array with 1 spare and 2 active disks (configuration listed below). Now I would like to force spare to sync and then remove it from array, although not faulty.
However, mdadm man page states:
"Devices can only be removed from an array if they are not in active use. i.e. that must be spares or failed devices. To remove an active device, it must be marked as faulty first."
So, I'd have to mark a disk as faulty (which it is not) to be able to remove it from array. There seems to be several people reporting that they can't remove this faulty flag accidentally given to a drive. And mdadm does not give direct for such operation. Isn't there a way I could remove and add disks whenever feeling like it?? One way would be open the cover and physically remove the disk. I'm not taking the risk, though. System is almost always in use, so there is not much chance for me to power off for temporary disk removal.
RAID CONFIGURATION:
~# mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 00.90.03
Creation Time : Fri Aug 4 17:38:26 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 238950720 (227.88 GiB 244.69 GB)
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Aug 31, 2010
concerning Linux, mdadm, and creating RAID Array's in Debian. I've done a lot of reading and research on RAID both on this board and elsewhere (The Linux Documentation Project's Software-RAID HOWTO is especially good), but I've run across something that no one seems to explain, and I'm not sure why. I'm instructed to create partitions on the drives I wish to add to my array. These partitions inevitably take up the whole disk, and are always have their system IDs set to "Linux raid autodetect". What I don't understand is why, after creating these partitions, some guides then go on to create an array (say a RAID5 one) with just the disks themselves as members, while others go on to create the RAID5 array with the previously created partitions as members. E.g.,
mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd
vs.
mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
What's the advantage of using one over the other?
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Mar 24, 2011
If you want, skip straight to the 'QUESTION' at the end of my post & refer to the 'EXPLANATION' later. EXPLANATION: Using Debian 6.01 Squeeze 64-bit. Just put together a brand new 3.3Ghz 6-core AMD. I had a nightmare with my Highpoint 640 raid controller, apparently because Debian Squeeze now handles raid through sysfs rather than /proc/scsi. The solution to this, of course, is to recompile the kernel with the appropriate module for /proc/scsi support. So I thought "screw that" and I've yanked out the raid card & went with Debians software raid. This allowed me to basically complete my mission. The raid is totally up and running, except for one final step... I can't get the raid to automount at boot.
My hardware setup;
- Debian is running totally on a 64Gb SSD. (sda)
- I have 3x 2Tb hard drives used for storage on a raid 1 array (sdc,sdd,sde)
[Code]....
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Jul 2, 2011
New to linux in general and am having issues on setting up a Raid 1 array for two disks on an HP Proliant Microserver which I am looking to be accessible from my windows PC. I have installed the latest version of debian succesfully on a 250GB disk that came with the server. I have added 2 2TB disks which I would like to have in a RAID 1 array and to have visible from windows to store music/videos etc on. I have managed to partition the two disks to FAT32 (which I think is best) and have managed to configure the array so that it shows as active when I use cat /proc/mdstat. I have been following the steps in this article [URl]... squeeze-p2 and trying to adapt it to my situation.
I am stuck on the step to create the file systems using the mkfs command. I try mkfs.vfat /dev/md0 and it comes up with the error mkfs.vfat: command not found. I have tried mkfs -t vfat /dev/md0 and it give the error "mkfs.vfat: No such file or directory" So my question is how can I continue with the process of setting up the array? Or maybe I should be asking is it possible to set up an array with FAT32 formatted disks?
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Mar 13, 2010
I just expanded my raid 5 array from 3*2TB to 4*2TB and mdadm made the grow successfully and shows an md0 dev with the size of 6TB usable data. Now my problem is that Debian (Lenny) dosnīt show the right amount. See below
######### MDADM DETAILS OF ARRAY ##########
> mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 0.90
Creation Time : Mon Dec 14 22:30:46 2009
Raid Level : raid5
[Code].....
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Mar 29, 2010
Have my proxy running on Lenny and tried to upgrade to squeeze. Originally the system was installed on Etch and upgrading to Lenny was no problem. In the system i have two RAID1 volumes, md0 for / and md1 for /home. For upgrading i added the sources to my apt.conf and startet dist-upgrade. During the installation procedure, when installing udev I was advised to install the new kernel first and continue upgrade after booting the kernel. so I installed the kernel by "apt-get install linux-image-2.6-686. When generating initramfs there was a message, that there are no arrays defined in /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf I took a look and there were none. mdadm seems to have been update before.
I then added the lines for RAID definition and added the data for UUID The UUID I got from the output of "mdadm --detail /dev/md0"
What I don't understand: blkid gives the same UUIDs for the first partitions of the RAID and a different UUID for /dev/md0 and /dev/md1 than mdadm --detail The update of initramfs for kernel 2.6.32 then gives this result:
update-initramfs -u -k 2.6.32-3-686
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-3-686
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/e100/d102e_ucode.bin for module e100
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/e100/d101s_ucode.bin for module e100
[code].....
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Aug 12, 2010
I've got an 8-disk raid-5 setup, and one of the disks failed. I shut the system down, replaced it, and powered the box back on again. Then, I made a catastrophic mistake; I 'failed' and removed the wrong disk (should have been sdj1, and I typed sdk1 by accident). I tried to re-add sdk1 back to the raid array, but it got listed as 'spare'. My raid array is off-line, since I now have 2 disks unavailable.
I know that the data still exists on sdk1, is there any way I can get the raid array to recognise the fact that it's a valid part of the array, and not a spare disk? At least if I can do that, I'll have a degraded but accessible array, and then I can rebuild the array on the properly replaced disk.
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Mar 2, 2011
I got two harddisks, sda and sdb. Is it possible to install Debian root into software raid partitions sda2 and sdb1 leaving all other partitions 'normal' (not-raid)? do partitions sda2 and sdb1 need to be exact same size and position?
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Aug 4, 2010
I'm trying to install Debian Lenny on my new Dell XPS 8100 Desktop with 2 x 1To SATA HD. (No Windows or any other OS install is present on the system) The Bios allows me to change the SATA mode to either "ATA" or "RAID"
- When SATA mode is set to RAID, the installation goes without issues, but when it comes to load into the system, I've got that Stage 1.5 Grub Loading... Error 2 problem. I assume this is due to the Bios "RAID" configuration. I then switched the SATA mode to "ATA" in the Bios and now I can see the menu that allows me to boot my debian install but that part actually fails too saying "ALERT /dev/sda1 does not exist"
- When SATA mode was set to ATA, I tried to re-install the system but this time my drive was not recognized by the installer: "No common CD ROM drive"
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Feb 28, 2011
If I have a windows installed in raid-0, then install virtualbox and install all my linux os,s to virtualbox will they be a raid-0 install without needing to install raid drivers?
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Apr 20, 2015
I have created a system using four 2Tb hdd. Three are members of a soft-raid mirrored (RAID1) with a hot spare and the fourth hdd is a lvm hard drive separate from the RAID setup. All hdd are gpt partitioned.
The RAID is setup as /dev/md0 for mirrored /boot partations (non-lvm) and the /dev/md1 is lvm with various logical volumes within for swap space, root, home, etc.
When grub installs, it says it installed to /dev/sda but it will not reboot and complains that "No boot loader . . ."
I have used the supergrubdisk image to get the machine started and it finds the kernel but "grub-install /dev/sda" reports success and yet, computer will not start with "No boot loader . . ." (Currently, because it is running, I cannot restart to get the complete complaint phrase as md1 is syncing. Thought I'd let it finish the sync operation while I search for answers.)
I have installed and re-installed several times trying various settings. My question has become, when setting up gpt and reserving the first gigabyte for grub, users cannot set the boot flag for the partition. As I have tried gparted and well as the normal Debian partitioner, both will NOT let you set the "boot flag" to that partition. So, as a novice (to Debian) I am assuming that "boot flag" does not matter.
Other readings indicate that yes, you do not need a "boot flag" partition. "Boot flag" is only for a Windows partition. This is a Debian only server, no windows OS.
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May 11, 2010
how to install a RAID 5 ?
I have 4 harddisks
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Jan 13, 2011
I have two 320GB Seagate 7200.4 hard drives on my laptop and I am looking to set them up as a RAID 0 array to install Debian on. After reading a bit online I wanted to seek some guidance with this as this is my first time setting up software RAID. My biggest concern is how to maximize performance of the array with regards to block sizes, chunk sizes, stripe sizes, filesystem types, etc. etc. It seems there are a lot more nuances to setting up a RAID array (properly) than I thought there would be
Edit: It also appears that grub2 cannot be installed to /dev/sda when the drives are setup in RAID 0. Is there an easy way around this? I read somewhere that if you select to install grub to the RAID partition it will work? Is that the case, or do I need to do something else to get grub to boot directly to the raid array?
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Dec 1, 2010
I performed an install using the 5.0.6 amd64 netinst cd on a dual opteron server with an Areca ARC-1110 4-port SATA hardware RAID card. I have 2 250GB drives set up as RAID 1. The debian install saw it as only one drive, just as it should. Install went smoothly, but on reboot, the system would not load.
I did some research and tried a couple of things with no luck. Like adding a delay in the grub command. It jus sits at loading system for a while then times out and loads busy box. Just to check things out, I booted into an Ubuntu live-cd and mounted the volume. The file system is there and all of the necessary files. How to use one of these cards successfully?
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Dec 4, 2010
How to best manage partitioning when install programs not from debian repositories?I just discovered that Debian installs applications not from repositories to /opt and /lib. Both directories or folders reside in root (/) partition.Having made my root (/) partition (which is only around 500MB) -- more than sufficient for holding a couple of linux images but NOT good for holding application.What is the best solution for resolving this? It's annoying and worrying that my system always reminds of a close to full capacity root partition.
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Feb 19, 2011
how to install Dropbox for Debian Squeeze from source.Please read everything before you begin. I prepared it as I installed Dropbox for my own system. Please Note: I use sudo, you may have to use root or 'su' from the command line. If you don't know the difference between sudo and su, then you shouldn't try this until you know. At the time I did this, the lastest dropbox version was 0.6.7.
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Aug 20, 2010
is it save to install linux kernel 2.6.35.2 on Debian Lenny 5.0.5 or stick with automatic updates...
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May 2, 2011
I tried downloading kde-standard via synaptic and also via apt-get install I seperately tried to install supetuxkart but supertuxkart-data would also not install. In both cases I got size mismatch error.
W: Failed to fetch [URL].. e1_all.deb Size mismatch
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Feb 1, 2011
Could any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.
Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:
mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]
I was able to examine the disks though:
Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....
Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.
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Dec 17, 2010
If we want to use SSD drives on a database server, can we use RAID 0 configuration because of their reliability?
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Aug 6, 2010
is it possible to use software RAID in this configuration?
160GB
sda1=sdb1
600GB
sda2
so have two HDD's mirroring each other, however one of the mirrored volumes is smaller than the other, and then use the rest of the larger disk as an unmirrored partition?
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Apr 15, 2010
I am rebuilding two microsystems servers and I need some advice to make my dreams come true.I want to setup the servers in a RAID configuration and want to install a GUI Linux application to manage a file server, manage a subnet, and host a Moodle on my subnet.I am planning to use Asus eee netbooks running Linux as my client computers. I basically need to be able to get my kids on the web and be able to have them use some open source office suite tools. No major crunching. I'll have two Macs for that.
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Jan 6, 2010
I'm building a NAS, based on the Intel SS4200. There are 4 drive bays in the machine for use with SATA disks, two of which I plan on filling now, the other two which I plan on filling later. The box also includes an IDE connector to which I will connect an 8GB Disk on Module onto which I will install Slackware. I wish to have all drives in the box show up as one contiguous volume. What partitioning/LVM/RAID configuration can I use which will allow me to:
1. Add a disk and transparently grow the available space of the volume?
2. Replace a disk with a larger disk and transparently grow the available space of the volume?
3. Lose a disk to hardware failure and replace it with a new one with no data loss?
If I use RAID 5, I'm pretty certain I can get numbers 1 and 3 above, but I'm not sure about number 2. The downside is that I'd have to start with 3 disks in the machine, and I'm unsure if adding a 4th disk whose size is larger than each of the 3 starting disks would lead to wasted space. For instance, if I start with three 1TB drives in RAID 5, and then add a 2TB 4th drive, would my available size go from 2TB to 3TB? Or from 2TB to 3.xTB?
Is it important in a RAID 5 setup to have all disks the same size? With LVM, I can certainly get number 1 above, but what about 2 and 3? I know you can use LVM to present many disks or partitions as one contiguous volume, but if I have two 1TB drives in one volume, and only have 300GB of data, then would the second drive remain empty until I broke the 1TB barrier? In this case, it's wasted space from the get go. I suppose another option would be to start with RAID 1 until I can afford a third disk.
When adding the new disk, could I switch to RAID 5 without data loss? I'm planning on maintaining a full mirror of the NAS on some USB disks as a backup, so if configuration changes to the NAS require wiping the disks and restoring from backup, it's not a total loss. However, it certainly makes me nervous to be in a state where only one copy of the data exists, so I'd rather find a solution where I can add and upgrade disks in the NAS without relying on the backup copies.
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Mar 16, 2016
Recently I tried to install Debian 8.3 from *netinst.iso as a VM on VmWare Worksation 12. I try this in my office where there is a windows proxy set, for some security measures. During the installation in order to download updated and install additional packages I need to choose a mirror and then a proxy. I try to set the proxy but all I receive was an error. Decide to continue with the minimal installation and when the system start just to enter the proxy in etc/profile the reboot and I was thinking that everything will work just fine and I will be able to install everything I need. When I try apt-get install I receive a message Ign cdrom:// Debian ... Then to remove that error I edit /etc/apt/source.list but even then nothing happened when I try to use apt-get install. I receive and error message "Unable to locate the package.
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Apr 22, 2010
I'm newbie in Debian. I downloaded Debian 5.0.4 Lenny and installed in VM(i dont know why but i couldnt install it on other partion of my windows 7. During installation i got error that CD-ROM wasnt detected and mounted but VMware could install without issues. I thougt problems were with drivers...).Now my Debian is running through the VM. I want to install Oracle 10g Enterprise Edition there, so i found this article http://www.makina-corpus.org/blog/how-i ... 10-64-bits and confugured my kernel and installed some packages. But during installing Oracle i got 2 error and in log file were some string that some packages werent installed, such as libaio and etc. where i can find list of this packages and how to correctly install Oracle on my Debian.
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