Debian Hardware :: Looking For Advice On First Software RAID Install
Jan 13, 2011
I have two 320GB Seagate 7200.4 hard drives on my laptop and I am looking to set them up as a RAID 0 array to install Debian on. After reading a bit online I wanted to seek some guidance with this as this is my first time setting up software RAID. My biggest concern is how to maximize performance of the array with regards to block sizes, chunk sizes, stripe sizes, filesystem types, etc. etc. It seems there are a lot more nuances to setting up a RAID array (properly) than I thought there would be
Edit: It also appears that grub2 cannot be installed to /dev/sda when the drives are setup in RAID 0. Is there an easy way around this? I read somewhere that if you select to install grub to the RAID partition it will work? Is that the case, or do I need to do something else to get grub to boot directly to the raid array?
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Apr 9, 2010
I am running Debian Lenny with xfce4. I just bought a used iPod Touch (1st gen) yesterday (4/8/10). Dropbox works great, easy way to transfer files. My yahoo mail account also works very well.
Gtkpod works great with my iPod Shuffle, but does not seem to work with the iTouch. My PC does not seem to automatically mount the iTouch. Any thoughts on iFuse, or Floola? Or would I be better off trying to run iTunes under Wine?
I have an XP laptop with iTunes installed, maybe I should just use that to sync music, and my Yahoo contacts? I would also like to sync to my yahoo calendar, but I know of no way to that - maybe I could sync my yahoo calendar to google calendar, and use Floola to sync to the iTouch?
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Mar 2, 2011
I got two harddisks, sda and sdb. Is it possible to install Debian root into software raid partitions sda2 and sdb1 leaving all other partitions 'normal' (not-raid)? do partitions sda2 and sdb1 need to be exact same size and position?
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May 10, 2010
I've got a box (prev used for WinXP) with 2GB Ram and a new 500GB HD to throw in there.Noticed on the Wiki CreatingUpdateMedia and reading as much as I can ramping up for this.I'm curious how I should partition this disk, and what other decisions I'll need to make on install.I see quite a bit of interest also in virtualization, and if I find a need, this could be useful too.Kernel upgrades?how to do? Does the disk have to be wiped or just use an alternate boot device to replace K on HD? I have a tech background in programming and some solaris, but *nix has grown up in the last 5 years.Hopefully devices will function and networking connectivity can be acheived without too much troubleshooting.
I'm doing this in part to be more educated, especially in the new world of web-hosting where you have a virtualized box, root and shell access, and need to manage it yourself. Beyond that even, my goal is to be able to work on my web-host by setting up a remote linux desktop, and I'll be looking for ways to configure that. There are clients out there (VNC, etc), but I'm not sure on the host-server configuration, and also the port-forwarding setup on my local router.
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Feb 28, 2011
If I have a windows installed in raid-0, then install virtualbox and install all my linux os,s to virtualbox will they be a raid-0 install without needing to install raid drivers?
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Aug 19, 2010
We've started using Debian based servers more and more in work and are getting the hang of it more and more every day. Right now I'm an ace at setting up partitions, software RAID and LVM volumes etc through the installer, but if I ever need to do the same thing once the system's up and running then I become unstuck.
Is there any way I can get to partman post-install, or any similar tools that do the same thing? Or failing that are there any simple guides to doing these things through the various command line tools?
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Apr 20, 2015
I have created a system using four 2Tb hdd. Three are members of a soft-raid mirrored (RAID1) with a hot spare and the fourth hdd is a lvm hard drive separate from the RAID setup. All hdd are gpt partitioned.
The RAID is setup as /dev/md0 for mirrored /boot partations (non-lvm) and the /dev/md1 is lvm with various logical volumes within for swap space, root, home, etc.
When grub installs, it says it installed to /dev/sda but it will not reboot and complains that "No boot loader . . ."
I have used the supergrubdisk image to get the machine started and it finds the kernel but "grub-install /dev/sda" reports success and yet, computer will not start with "No boot loader . . ." (Currently, because it is running, I cannot restart to get the complete complaint phrase as md1 is syncing. Thought I'd let it finish the sync operation while I search for answers.)
I have installed and re-installed several times trying various settings. My question has become, when setting up gpt and reserving the first gigabyte for grub, users cannot set the boot flag for the partition. As I have tried gparted and well as the normal Debian partitioner, both will NOT let you set the "boot flag" to that partition. So, as a novice (to Debian) I am assuming that "boot flag" does not matter.
Other readings indicate that yes, you do not need a "boot flag" partition. "Boot flag" is only for a Windows partition. This is a Debian only server, no windows OS.
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May 11, 2010
how to install a RAID 5 ?
I have 4 harddisks
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Dec 1, 2010
I performed an install using the 5.0.6 amd64 netinst cd on a dual opteron server with an Areca ARC-1110 4-port SATA hardware RAID card. I have 2 250GB drives set up as RAID 1. The debian install saw it as only one drive, just as it should. Install went smoothly, but on reboot, the system would not load.
I did some research and tried a couple of things with no luck. Like adding a delay in the grub command. It jus sits at loading system for a while then times out and loads busy box. Just to check things out, I booted into an Ubuntu live-cd and mounted the volume. The file system is there and all of the necessary files. How to use one of these cards successfully?
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Nov 26, 2015
I'm having issues with a RAID array.
Setup is like this:
Debian Jessie, 2 hard disks, each having 2 partitions: /dev/sda1, /dev/sda2, /dev/sdb1, /dev/sdb2. Partitions were paired during installation, so they form /dev/md0 and /dev/md1. /dev/md0 is the root (/) partition, /dev/md1 is for /home.
At the end of the install process, I chose /dev/sda1 to carry Grub. And I think this is where I screwed things up.
After removing one of the hard drives, there was no boot capability. So, I installed Grub on /dev/sdb, too.
Now it displays the boot menu but cannot find the kernel. This is where I got lost in the process.
Do I need to reinstall the OS or is there a way to fix it? I suppose I have to edit Grub.
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Jun 29, 2011
This issue has already been discussed on this thread: [URL]. But it's 1 year old so I wanted to know if any of you had other ideas. It seems to me that [URL] is quite a good choice indeed, but I want to be sure before I engage my company with it. So for you who are using linode, are you all happy with it?
If they allow having a Slackware guest, and is not too "g33k" (like this one which is NOT an option) because I need to make my colleagues confident and they are a bit scared of having a service only for hackers. In fact I need to reassure them even with linode, they're scared to death because I want a Slackware server ...
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Apr 30, 2011
I just acquired a 1.5Tb Hdd which I am sticking in an old desktop to make a home net portal and server. I'd like to share files between the server and my various linux boxes, as well as my wife's XP and w7 laptops. For this I plan to use Samba. I'd also like to use the box as my media library, streaming video (using VLC?) I'm assuming if I can connect to the box over the home network I'll be able to read write and stream media files easily.
I'm also toying with the idea of installing Apache and hosting a website from the same box. I'd also like to be able to ssh in remotely, and allow for sending files via ftp. I've got the hardware set up, the drive is partitioned in to /, swap, and /home. I'm going in for a full Slackware 13.37 install, but from there I'm not sure exactly how to proceed.
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May 22, 2010
Here's a screenie of partitions where Ubuntu is currently installed:[URL]..sda1 is the partition where Windows used to reside - that's why it's flagged as 'boot'. When I nuked Windows, I just left it flagged that way as I figured that's where Grub is installed and didn't want to screw anything up.
I'm about to add a new 1TB drive for Lucid (most likely). I want to move this current drive to the second drive bay so it will become sdb 1,2,3 but keep it functional (at least until I'm convinced that Lucid will work for me). Here are my questions:
Will Lucid find the old Ubuntu install on sdb automatically and give me a choice of dual boot?
Will the old Grub legacy be overwritten? Should I remove the old 'boot' flag or leave it like it is? Do I even need a boot flag on sdb since BIOS is set to boot from sda? Any other tips before I start mucking around in a perfectly functioning system?
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Aug 27, 2010
every now and then my company cleans its it trash by giving away computers to its employees. this i became the owner of a p4, 2ghz compaq evo with 512 mb ram and no hard drive. i bought a 500 gb hdd, dowloaded ubuntu, created a live disk and in a matter of minutes i had a new desktop! i love it! a new computer with a new operating system set by a non-techie in 15 minutes? not even microsoft can beat that. oh, and the total cost was zero!
then i started clearing issues (mysterious crash on p4 computers solved with a patch, screen resolution solved with a new mode, not recognized microsoft webcam to be solved, connection to stora nsa to be solved, etc.). this is nothing different from what you would go through installing windows on a new computer, in fact the process seemed easier for me as there's tons of documentation and people willing 1. overall system performance, mostly while browsing seems low. could it be the 512 mb of memory? would it improve its performance to jump to 1 or 2 gb? or it's just the processor that's too slow and not all the memory in the world would make it faster? while we're at it, is it reasonable to expect good performance on ubuntu 10.4 on a p4 2.0 ghz? (my notebook, a 2 ghz core duo runs faster on xp, but it has 3 gb memory, so i guess memory would help...).
2. choppy videos and other video, both in partial and full screen modes. again, would more ram help? updating drivers? updating flash? (i think it's all updated, but i'll retry...). or is my bottleneck in the processor? 3. my computer has an extra video card, but it's disconnected. i'm not sure about brand or model or even whether this would be an improvement on the on-board card. should i plug it and see what happens? would a better video card improve my performance?
simplifying, this is a computer for me to play and for my baby boy to pound at the keyboard. if i were to spend little money on it, what's the best investment, memory or a new video board? (i think i know the answer, memory). i don't want to extrapolate too much from my windows experience because this is a new os, but i think i would go for extra memory. if memory were the solution to all my problems... how much memory? should i go for an additional gb? full 2 gb? 3? what about buying a 1 gb card and plugging it side by side with the existing 512 mb? would 1.5 gb be enough?
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Apr 21, 2010
I have been running GNU/Linux for quite a few years, and over that time have tried many different looks. I have never seemed to find the `right' one for me, however.
When I first started, I ran GNOME/Enlightenment, straight out of the box. I played with themes a little and liked it, but had not yet learned about the breadth of choice out there. Over time, mainly due to memory issues, I gradually disabled features. I ran this combo for probably three years in the end, with a minor dabble in KDE along the way. I felt like a change. I decided to try fvwm. I hated it! It did teach me something important, however; I did not need a Desktop. I had not realised before now that I never used any of the features of a Desktop. I also learned that my system ran a lot faster without one. I have never looked back.
After a short stint with FVWM, I decided to see if you could have a window manager that looked good. I experimented with several, including IceWM, but finally fell in love with WindowMaker. It looked nice and was not loaded with features I did not use. I ran it for several years before growing bored and moving on. This time, I experimented with other low-resource options, such as Blackbox, Openbox and, finally, Fluxbox. Fluxbox was my new `best thing' for a couple of years, though I quickly found myself getting rid of half its features (tabs, etc), before I found myself being driven mad by the sheer fact it was so minimalist: I wanted more bling I went on another journey where I experimented with the likes of Sawfish and Metacity, before finally settling on Enlightment again. This was fairly short lived, however, and I soon found myself back on WindowMaker. I have continued to use WindowMaker for the past four or five years. It does the job fine, but I am beginning to find it bland. After all, five years of staring at the same screen does get a little samey :P I have just bought myself a new, flashy, wiz-bang system and it has a clean install of Debian Lenny on it. I feel it is time for a new look.
Over the years, I have learned a few things about my preferences. I hate tiling window managers with a passion --- they look cluttered to me. I do not like toolbars or start buttons, and hate the concept of a desktop with icons all over it. In WindowMaker, I hate the clip beyond using it as a way to prevent my applications for leaving those horrid icons down the bottom of my screen. On the Windows system I use at work I also have the taskbar auto-hide, so I guess I do not like anything down the bottom of the screen. I like the dock, but the only docapps I really use are the clock and volume control (which do not really have to be on a dock); I would be happier if these could auto-hide and I just have to mouse-over to get them when I want them, allowing more real estate for the applications themselves. I am lazy when it comes to making themes --- I can do it, but prefer not to --- so I want a good selection from the community I can take from. Virtual desktops are a must, but I do not care for pagers (I just disable them when they are available). I also like it when I can configure which virtual desktop an application opens too, especially if it remembers the window's dimensions (so I do not have to keep resizing). Shading windows is also something I like.
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Feb 1, 2011
Could any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.
Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:
mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]
I was able to examine the disks though:
Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....
Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.
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Mar 1, 2011
Installing Ubuntu 10.10 desktop.on a Highpoint rocketraid 2642.Installing Ubuntu, it does not find the drive?How do I install the drivers to install and boot after the installation from the raid drives?
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Jul 20, 2010
I cannot install 11.3 on a machine with an intel raid controller I have tried with raid 1 using the card and then setting the disks to individual raid 0 and letting suse raid them. With the card doing it the machines crashes as soon as it tries to boot the first time, with suse doing the raid I just get 'GRUB' on the screen It seems a lot of people are having similar problems, does any one have any pointers. 11.2 installs fine. I would try and do a bug report but every time I go to the page it's in Czech
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Apr 11, 2011
About 2 years ago I registered with the Nursing Council to oporate a nursing agency, I find it hard to get it off the ground. I have a manual on how to do it but still its difficult. I think maybe if I could get an HR software or something related to that would help. It is a dream of mine to have that up and running but I can't. Please help. I've ran out of options.
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Jan 8, 2011
I am looking to build a server with 3 drives in RAID 5. I have been told that GRUB can't boot if /boot is contained on a RAID arrary. Is that correct? I am talking about a fakeraid scenario. Is there anything I need to do to make it work, or do I need a separate /boot partition which isn't on the array?
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Mar 22, 2010
I am currently running Debian Squeeze on a headless system mainly used for backup.It has a RAID-1 made up of two 1TB SATA-Disks which can transfer about 100 MB/s reading and writing. Yesterday I noticed that one of the disks was missing from the RAID configuration. After re-adding the drive and doing a rebuild (ran with 80-100MB/s)
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Dec 26, 2010
I installed mdadm fine and all and proceeded to run:mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=stripe --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda /dev/sdbWith sda being my primary hard drive, and sdb being the secondary.I get this error message upon running the command"mdadm: chunk size defaults to 64Kmdadm: Cannot open /dev/sda: Device or resource busymdadm: create aborted"I don't know what's wrong!
mdstat says:
"Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [multipath] [faulty]
unused devices: <none>"
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Jul 18, 2011
I have a raid5 on 10 disk, 750gb and it have worked fine with grub for a long time with ubuntu 10.04 lts. A couple of days ago I added a disk to the raid, growd it and then resized it.. BUT, I started the resize-process on a terminal on another computer, and after some time my girlfriend powered down that computer!
So the resize process cancelled in the middle and i couldn't acess any of the HDDs so I rebooted the server.
Now the problem, the system is not booting up, simple black with a blinking line. Used a rescue CD to boot it up, finised the resize-process and the raid seems to be working fine so I tried to boot normal again. Same problem. Rescue cd, updated grub, got several errors: error: unsupported RAID version: 0.91. I have tried to purge grub, grub-pc, grub commmon, removed /boot/grub and installed grub again. Same problem.
I have tried to erased mbr (# dd if=/dev/null of=/dev/sdX bs=446 count=1) on sda (ide disk, system), sdb (sata, new raid disk). Same problem. Removed and reinstalled ubuntu 11.04 and is now getting error: no such device: (hdd id). Again tried to reinstall grub on both sda and sdb, no luck. update-grub is still generating error about raid id 0.91 and is back on a blinking line on normal boot. When you'r resizeing a raid MDADM changed the ID from 0.90 to 0.91 to prevent something that happend happened. But since I have completed the resize-process MDADM have indeed changed the ID back to 0.90 on all disks.
I have also tried to follow a howto on a similar problem with a patch on [URL] But I cant compile, various error about dpkg. So my problem is, I cant get grub to work. It just gives me a blinking line and unsupported RAID version: 0.91.
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Jun 29, 2011
migrate an installed Ubuntu system from a software raid to a hardware raid on the same machine? how would you go about doing so?
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Mar 22, 2011
How long does hardware Raid card (raid 1, 2 drives)take to mirror a 1 TB drive (500gb used)?Is there a general rule of thumb for this?4 hours? 12 hours? 24 hours?
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Mar 1, 2016
I had a RAID problem on an HP Proliant server due to a failing disk. When I changed the disk, things got complicated and RAID seemed to be broken. I put back the old disk, repaired the RAID, then changed put the new disk again and all returned to normal except the system doesn't boot. I am stuck at grub stage (the grub rescue prompt). I grabbed a netinst CD and tried to rescue it, at some point, the wizard correctly sees my two partitions sda1 and sda2 and asks wether I want to chroot to sda1 or sda2. I had red screen errors on both.
The error message said to check syslog, syslog says can't mount EXT4 file system beacuse bad superblock. I switched to TTY2 (Alt-F2) and tried fsck.ext4 on sda1 (I think sda2 is the swap because when I ran fsck on it it said something like this partition is too small and suggested that it could be swap) it says bad superblock and bad magic number. I tried e2fsck -b 8193 as suggested by the error message but that too didn't work (I think the -b 8193 is for trying to get he backup superblock).
The RAID is as follows : One RAID array of 4 physical disks that are grouped into one Logical Volume /dev/sda, so the operating system only sees one device instead of four (4 disks).
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Jul 10, 2010
After months of using Lenny & Lucid Lynx without issues, I come back to the good existential questions.
I'd like a completely encrypted disk (/ and swap) in addition to the Xp partitions (not that safe but I'll switch completely to Linux once I have solved everything.
1. I create an ext4 partition for /boot
2. One other (/dev/sda7) that I set for encryption,
3. On top of that, I create a PV for lvm2,
4. I add to a VG,
5. I create / & swap in the VG.
However, if I add a hard drive, I will have to encrypt the main partition, add it to the VG & then expand /. So I'll need 2 passwords at boot time to decrypt.
So I'd like to:
-Encrypt the VG directly, it would solve everything but no device file appears for the VG, only the PV and th LV.
-After hours of search, I couldn't find a solution for a single password...
Maybe a hope with a filesystem like btrfs in the future providing encryption, but I'll still have to create a swap partition out of it (or create a file for swap but no hibernation possible).
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May 27, 2011
My system includes two 120GB disks in fake raid-0 setup. Windows vista is installed on these.For Debian I bought a new 1 TB disk. My mission was to test Debian and I installed it to the new disk. The idea was to remove the disk afterwards and use windows as it was before. Everything went fine. Debian worked perfectly but when I removed the 1 TB disk from system grub will show up in boot in grub recovery mode.
Is my RAID setup now corrupted? Grub seems to be installed on the other raid disk? Did grub overwrite some raid metadata? Is there any way to recover the raid setup?
dmraid -ay:
/dev/sdc: "pdc" and "nvidia" formats discovered (using nvidia)!
ERROR: nvidia: wrong # of devices in RAID set "nvidia_ccbdchaf" [1/2] on /dev/sdc
ERROR: pdc: wrong # of devices in RAID set "pdc_caahedefdd" [1/2] on /dev/sda
ERROR: removing inconsistent RAID set "pdc_caahedefdd"
RAID set "nvidia_ccbdchaf" already active
ERROR: adding /dev/mapper/nvidia_ccbdchaf to RAID set
RAID set "nvidia_ccbdchaf1" already active
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Jul 5, 2011
Have Lian Li Ex 503 External Raid System, using 4x2TB, using Raidmode 10 for good performance [ Just for those who are interested: http://www.lian-li.com/v2/en/product/pr ... ex=115&g=f ]
[Code]...
But using e-sata my transfer rates are very low (from internal drive to external ex503), around 60-70mb/sec
But hdparm tells me:
[Code]...
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Dec 21, 2015
Have a new debian install on a asus h170m-plus (was going to use ubuntu but didnt support the hardware/software combo i needed)
Install is fine. but during install it didnt see my 1tb raid1 drive..
after reboot, debain boots great, and i can mount the raid drive in the file manager.
I can see it and in mtab it shows up :
"/dev/md126 /media/user/50666249-947c-4e8f-8f56-556b713a6b6a ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,data=ordered 0 0"
How can I permanently add this mount point so it is found at boot up at /data...
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