Ubuntu Installation :: Can't Update Grub2 Configuration
Aug 3, 2011
After installing windows XP,I did some googling to try to get ubuntu back,but seems messed something up. Right now,every time to boot system,I have to press "e" on first entry in boot menu,then press "e"s to do these two modifications to startup ubuntu corrently:
1,root (hd0,0)
----------------------------
(hd0,0) ===>> (hd0,4)
----------------------------
2,kernel /boot/... root=/dev/hd0 ro ..
[Code]....
2,then try to modify /boot/grub/grub.cfg: change all root (hd0,0) to (hd0,4)
(don't know and find where to change:"kernel /boot/... root=/dev/hd0 ro ..") and restart,thing is being same as before,so how can I get gr ub2 configured right?
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Jun 18, 2011
Im running Ubuntu 10.10 32 bit and Grub2. When running the update manager, I get the following message while it is configuring grub-pc: The Grub boot loader was previously installed to a disk that is no longer present, or whose normally unique identifier has been changed for some reason. It is important to make sure that the installed Grub stays in sync with other components such as grub.cfg...I change my hardware, including hard disks, frequently so that is likely the cause. My computer still boots but I like to fix this if possible. My disk partitions are:/dev/sda1/boot/dev/sda2/ /dev/sda3/home
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Jul 17, 2011
I need to debug upstart because it really doesn't start the jobs at system start that it should do. The upstart documentation says I need to add the kernel parameter "--verbose". Googling a bit further said I need to specify that parameter in the /etc/default/grub file. I found two lines where I can add it:GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX and GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT.The grub documentation remains unclear about what is good for which. Shall I add my verbose parameter to the one or the other? What's the difference between the two anyway? The _DEFAULT currently contains "nomodeset" and the other is empty. Does one replace the other, or will one be appended to the other?I don't want to screw up my system with this because I only have SSH remote access to that server.
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Mar 23, 2010
Today, I used the Update Manager to do my first post-installation update of Ubuntu 9.10. I have a multi-boot setup (Ubuntu / WinXP), using GRUB2. Before the update, I had 5 options:
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic (recovery mode)
Memory test (memtest86+)
Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)
[Code]...
Is it valid that the -14- has remained in the list? Surely I can only boot -20- now? How should I get rid of this version since it is added by update-grub because of the existence of this file: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic,Should I delete the file or just rename it? Or is there a better way?
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Jun 25, 2010
I upgraded my main box to Ubuntu 10.04 and everything runs fine, except for a problem with grub: I can't modify the boot menu in any way, I'm stuck with what grub2 thought was the optimal setup at installation time (and it got it wrong, btw). The current boot menu lists:
- my older 9.10 install in sdb2 (one kernel)
- legacy windows XP install on sda1
- my even older 9.04 install in sdb1 (two kernel versions)
- my new install in sdb3, with only one kernel (the one coming with the distro CD)
I tried anything I could think of to modify this menu:
- modify the /etc grub config file then running sudo update-grub
- using a specific app (system manager? don't remember its name)
- upgrading to the latest kernel
- removing and reinstalling grub
to no avail: the menu is still there in the above form, and I have to manually select the 10.04 (old) kernel by hand every time I reboot.
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Jul 21, 2010
I just got a new hard drive and figured I might as well do an installation of Squeeze (and was previously using Lenny). That went fine, and then I decided that I should copy over my old Lenny installation to the new disk -- mostly to have a working backup without bothering to do a new installation on a partition of the new drive. My partition scheme was a smaller /boot partition and then a much larger / partition with everything else standard (and a much larger /data partition rather than storing everything under /home). So I copied /boot over to a new partition on the new disk, and the same with /. That was done from the Squeeze installation, so the Lenny install wasn't active at the time. I modified all the appropriate entries in /etc/fstab to use UUIDs rather than partition numbers and ran an update-grub.
It detected everything on the old and new disks without a problem. When I went to try and boot up the transferred Lenny installation, it hung on trying to activate the root file system (I've forgotten the exact messaging). Not entirely unexpected, mind you. I went and took a look at the grub.cfg file. It does list that the transferred Lenny is on partition sda8 (correct), it has the correct uuid for the boot partition... but it seems to be setting the root incorrectly. Specifically, the root is still set for the old disk (though in its new position of hd1 instead of hd0), and the "linux" line sets a root for the old device. Or more specifically, this is the menu entry I get, with a few // comments.
menuentry "Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.26-2-amd64 (on /dev/sda8)" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd1,msdos2)' // <------ This position is the *current* location of my old Lenny disk/partition
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set [the correct /boot UUID]
linux /vmlinuz-2.6.26-2-amd64 root=/dev/sda5 ro vga=795 // <----- that root=/dev/sda5 line is what it was on the old device.
initrd /initrd.img-2.6.26-2-amd64 }
The odd thing there is that it sets the root according to the *current* position of the old install disk (maybe some trickery with detecting the correct UUID before setting the root), but the "linux" line refers to the *old* partition. The two lines will never match up no matter what. Now if I edit grub.cfg manually, I can make it boot (and run) normally, as I've verified. For example, I made a couple manual changes to do this:
menuentry "Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.26-2-amd64 (on /dev/sda8)" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos3)' // <----------- First hard drive, partition sda3 is where I put /boot
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set [the correct /boot UUID]
linux /vmlinuz-2.6.26-2-amd64 root=UUID=[the correct / UUID] ro vga=795 // <--- Changed it to the UUID here; could be /dev/sda8 instead
initrd /initrd.img-2.6.26-2-amd64 }
And that works perfectly, the installation works just fine. Of course, the problem is that those changes will/would be lost every time I run an update-grub. So my question, in a nutshell, is how can I configure things so that update-grub sets things properly to the new devices? Or in other words, where in the copied installation are the variables I need to change? I did note one thing odd -- the existence of a vga=795 line. For the new Squeeze installation, I'm using gfxpayload and there's no vga=anything line anywhere. My old installation, of course, had its own grub installation where I did use vga=795 to set the console resolution properly.
So my first guess was that update-grub (for Grub2) was pulling config information out of the Lenny /boot/grub folder (grub legacy). Unfortunately I tried several changes there and it made no difference. Then I deleted the entire /boot/grub folder entirely from the copied Lenny installation and ran update-grub again (the Squeeze grub version). It changed absolutely nothing. That's very confusing for me, since I have no clue where it could be getting vga=795 from, *except* the now-deleted Lenny /boot/grub folder. Where in the copied Lenny installation, I can change something to make it so that update-grub picks up the correct information?
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Sep 24, 2010
boot up in to chameleon, lists only Mac OS X as a boot option. Reboot, load Ubuntu 10.4 install cd, get to a terminal, mount /dev/sda3 /mnt grub-install --force --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/sda3
reboot, let chameleon come up, it sees both Mac OS X & Ubuntu partitions and I can boot to either or happily, now here is the problem... If I select linux and boot in to linux from chameleon, i am brought to the grub menu, where i can select the first choice which is normal ubuntu 10.4 and every thing is great... until I reboot and my linux partition no longer shows up in chameleon, as if tthe act of booting in to grub is changing something / deleting itself from the partition? and I have to do the whole thing over again. SO, not having to even go in to OS X, I'm not sure thats really the concerns more as I'm doing something wrong with grub.
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Apr 23, 2011
I'm using Maverick Meerkat, 10.10, 64bit. I'm a pretty basic user but am trying my best to learn.
My background: I have a laptop on which I installed Win7 Ulimate on one partition. After installing Win7 I then installed Ubuntu on a separate partition. GRUB2 found both Win7 and Ubuntu perfectly. I could choose to boot into either one and the ability for GRUB2 to "remember" which OS I booted into last worked properly. I then did a kernel update a couple days ago via Ubuntu's Update Manager. After that, GRUB2 could no longer see Win7. I added a custom boot entry in /etc/grub.d/ so that Win7 would show up in GRUB2.
However once Win7 did show up in GRUB2 I kept having a problem with the Windows bootloader being missing. I used the Win7 Recovery DVD to get into Windows and then installed EasyBCD for Win in which I was able to create a Win7 boot entry and get the Win7 bootloader back. I set EasyBCD to skip the bootmenu so my current configuration now is that on bootup I see GRUB2, which shows Maverick Meerkat & Win7. If I select Win7 then Win7 loads via EasyBCD and it works fine.
The problem though is that GRUB2 does not auto-detect Win7 AND it no longer remembers the last OS that I booted into. I would rather not use EasyBCD if I can help it and would like to just use GRUB2 for everything.
My question is this: How can I get GRUB2 back to controlling Ubuntu & Win7 properly without the need for anything else in between. I have asked in the Freenode Ubuntu channel but haven't received any help besides "sudo update-grub" which I have done and it hasn't helped.
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Dec 11, 2010
I presently dual boot with Vista Home Premium and Ubuntu 10.04 LTS. Since the installation of Ubuntu about 8 months ago, my Grub menu at boot up shows all the updates for Ubuntu 2.6.32-24, -25 and -26. How can I eliminate the first two and only leave the latest update?
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Mar 7, 2010
i initilally installed ubuntu 9.10 then installed windows 7 ,then i recovered grub2 using livecd as told in the post [URL] i did "sudo update-grub" and got windows 7 menu entry but when i select that entry windows 7 does not load but the grub2 is reloaded again.
i cant boot to windows 7.
Windows 7 have 100 mb partition "System Reserved" the grub2 points to that partition but still windows 7 not loaded.
sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x3c3a81f5
[Code]....
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May 17, 2010
I went through so many post but I haven't found the proper answer yet hope you have an Idea1. Grub2 saves only Linux OS as last selected no Windows OS2.It is possible to boot into a cdrom (drive)?
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May 14, 2010
IBM ThinkPad X61
Windows Vista Home
Wubi Ubuntu Karmic
I tried to upgrade to Lucid Linx while in Karmic Koala but the installation process froze while doing something with "memtest86+". CTRL-C got it to unfreeze and finish the installation but on a restart when I chose the Ubuntu OS it kept restarting rather than booting. I decided to start fresh.
So I booted into Vista and uninstalled Wubi Karmic Koala and proceeded to do a fresh install of Wubi Lucid Lynx. The installation, including the reboot, went smoothly. However, when the Update Manager was installing software a new screen popped up saying this:
Window Content:
[Title:] Debconf on Ubuntu
[Message:] Configuring grub-pc
[Checkbox:] Continue without installing Grub? (unchecked)
[Help button: explains consequences of not installing grub]
[Back button] (greyed out)
[Forward button]
So I leave the checkbox unchecked and click on forward. Nothing happens. All the Update Manager windows remain the same and nothing changes when I hit the Forward button. The "Applying Changes" window is stuck at "Setting up grub-pc (1.98-1ubuntu6) ...".
Can I safely force quit the Update Manager installation? Why am I getting that message about Grub? I didn't choose anything like that.
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Jun 24, 2010
I think I have encountered a problem in the way that lucid handles proxy servers. I was having problems running apt-get update due to a firewall at my work. I also noted that I was getting 403 Forbidden for wget. So I went to System -> Preferences -> Network Proxy from my account (which has administrator privileges) and input the http address for the proxy server, and then clicked the button to "Apply Systemwide...".
Following that change, wget worked from my account, but whenever I tried to sudo apt-get update, I got the 403 forbidden response again, even though I could wget the same files that apt-get reported as forbidden. I figured that this was a problem with the root account, and so I typed
Code:
However, upon exiting from the root account, and trying to run sudo apt-get update again, I got the 403 forbidden code again!
So, it seems that the proxy settings are not being applied systemwide.
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Jul 10, 2011
I amend the grub file at /etc/default/grub as administrator, I then open a terminal and perform 'sudo update-grub', but I receive the following error message:
Quote:
/etc/default/grub: 1: If: not found
What could this mean? How can I update Grub successfully?
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Mar 5, 2011
Is it possible to add menu entries for older kernels to boot instead of the latest?
I have tried this in Ubuntu 10.04 and it hasn't worked.
This used to be possible with ease in grub legacy.
I copied the current menu entry from /boot/grub/grub.cfg and pasted it in the /etc/grub.d/ 20_custom file.
Then I changed the kernel number to the older kernel number and the initrd number too. #update-grub puts this entry into 'grub.cfg', but it doesn't work.
I get:
The old kernel is in /boot as well as the respective initrd and config files.
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Dec 20, 2009
how to do Mysql, PHP, Apache installation configuration, module/library update
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Jan 7, 2010
So I know I should have known better then to turn my updates back on after the 15 and 16 kernel updates crashed ubuntu and grub but I did anyway and once again after a new kernel gets installed I'm stuck at the grub sh prompt.
Been down the road before... tried using
linux /boot/vml....... root=/dev/sda1 loop=/ubuntu/disks/root.disk ro
When I use the 16 or 17 kernel I get an error stating "invalid imaginary number"...
So I use the 14 kernal and enter
initrd /boot/initrd.....
boot
And it boots like it did the last time this crashed. I went to the terminal and entered
sudo apt-get install grub 2
sudo update-grub2
And then rebooted like I did last time expecting the problem to be fixed and at least be able to boot up the 14-generic. It didn't fixed this time. So now what do I do to fix grub and what do I do about having 2 unbootable kernals??
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Mar 28, 2010
how to use Grub2 to boot Windows XP and Linux.
[code]...
there were no entries in the Grub 2 menu after booting. I don't really understand the numbering of hd0,0 to like sda, but I changed "root (hd1,0)" to "root (hd0,0)" if Windows is on hd0, but after rebooting, I still didn't see it. I read somewhere that Grub2 starts partitions at 1, but wasn't sure that was true because in menu.lst they start with 0 sometimes. know entry-level steps to solve this?
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Aug 12, 2010
After removing a hard drive I (thought I)wasn't using, GRUB failed to load(turns out stage1 was on that drive) and it refused to install to a new drive(even after I kexec'd into the system - which was fun, considering the LiveCD used a different name for the hard drive). I finally threw in the towel and installed GRUB2, which worked after removing a second, incorrect root=. However, I can't find out how to switch the font from the fugly default to something that doesn't try to gauge my eyes out with a rusty spoon.
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Oct 27, 2010
I upgraded a while back to Windows 7. I run two separate HDDs, with debian on sda and windows on sdb. Everything worked fine, up until i upgraded to windows 7. The installer forced me to unplug sda. After installing I repositioned the HDDs and was stuck with a "NTLDR is Missing" message. After removing the search -fs--uuid tag from grub.cfg, Windows 7 booted for a good 0.5 sec and then rebooted. All that flashed was the "Starting Windows" page. I see similar bugs reported in the launchpad, but nothing that directly parallels this.
Here's my windows entry in grub.cfg:
Changing ${root} to (hd1) makes no difference. Also, I've been using Windows 7 for moths now without a problem, it's only when I try and boot it form grub2 that I get a problem. Physically removing sda lets Windows 7 boot fine.
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Feb 14, 2011
I have just upgraded from Lenny to Squeeze, and followed the D-I recommendation to upgrade to Grub2. However, the server will no longer boot - giving a 'missing operating system' error, so it's not getting very far in the boot loader process. I have read, in various location that Grub2 supports GPT, but my efforts to fix the situation have met with little success.
I have managed to boot the system using SuperGrub2 (recovery live cd) and can start up successfully from there. However, when I try to fix the grub installation using the Debian wiki recommendation, I'm met with:
<host>:/# grub-install /dev/sda
/usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: This GPT partition label has no BIOS Boot Partition; embedding won't be possible!.
[code]....
The attached disk is 4.5TB of RAID 5 disk behind an Adaptec 5405 if that's useful.
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Jun 29, 2011
I recently upgrade my grub to grub2 and had problem to boot debian. After trying to fix it myself, I played around with grub-image-ntldr, my debian now works ok, but I cant boot my XP anymore.
Now when I try to boot XP, I got "No grldr" message. If I copy my ntldr and rename it to grldr, my XP will boot ok. So it seems that when I try to boot XP it doesn't chainload ntldr anymore, it is looking for grldr.
I tried to change "chainload +1" to "chainload /ntldr", it complains about invalid signature. Does anyone knows why my grub now using grldr instead of ntldr?
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Aug 22, 2010
I made an error trying to add password protection to Grub2 1.98 in Ubuntu. Now when I try to run the synaptic package manager I get this error message.Quote:E: dpkg was interrupted, you must manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure -a' to correct the problem.E:_cache->open() failed, please report.When I go into the terminal and run "sudo dpkg --configure -a" as instructed I get this.Quote:
Setting up empathy (2.30.2-0ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libk5crypto3 (1.8.1+dfsg-2ubuntu0.2) ...
Processing triggers for python-central ...
[code]....
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Mar 17, 2011
Is there a way to stop GRUB2 from updating grub.cfg with new entries after an update? It shits me because it goes and writes over all my custom modifications of current entries.. e.g:
"Windows 7 Home Premium" (which I made), gets changed back to:
"Windows 7 (loader) (/dev/sda2)"
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Mar 23, 2010
Daily updated Debian Testing Because Debian is the only operating system on this laptop and I keep at least two working kernels, I would like to hide Grub2's menu unless I press a key (like one could do with Grub). I can hide the menu if the line GRUB_TIMEOUT=0 is in /etc/default/grub but it doesn't appear after pressing SHIFT, which is a threat if the system cannot boot the selected kernel. Right now, the timeout is set to one second. I've read Grub2's documentation and [URL] and tried various combinations, but I haven't been able to make this work.
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May 26, 2010
I Upgraded the system to 2.6.26-2-i686 doesn't boot:
error message on Grub is:
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Mar 26, 2010
My evil nemesis Grub2 has decided to make a move on me again! So I rebooted a few minutes ago and got this:
Welcome to Grub
error the symbol 'grub_env_find' not found
Entering rescue mode
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Jan 6, 2011
I was using tripleboot system in one hard drive. That included Windows 7,Ubuntu 10.10 and Ubuntu 11.04. And yesterday I decided to added openSUSE 11.3 at another partition. I'm using Ubuntu 11.04 grub2 as bootloader.
At first there was no problem. All OS detected well, but after opeSUSE online updates last night my openSUSE partition won't boot. First, at boot I chose openSUSE and it said "Boot kernel first" and nothing happens. And then I boot to ubuntu and ran update-grub then I saw grub no longer detected openSUSE partition.
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Jun 9, 2011
I generally have at least 4-5 distro's installed at one time - I always install grub to the boot partition of other distros -that was I control grub from the individual distros - I use ubuntu's grub as the default boot loader.
Rather than the method that ubuntu uses with the update-grub.I normally edit the grub.cnf file to add other distros but when update-grub launches it also adds links in grub.How can I prevent the upadte-grub script automatically adding lines for other distros i.e - I just want it to add ubuntu entries and ignore other partitions.
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Apr 20, 2011
I have an old computer that I use for trying out software and other things before putting them on my newer machine so as to avoid irreparable damage. The machine has 2 hard discs; the first disc contains Windows and I wanted to use the second disc for Linux. I installed Fedora 14 on the second disc and followed this with Ubuntu 10.10.
After I installed Fedora I re-booted and had a choice between booting into Windows or Fedora. After adding Ubuntu I assumed that Grub2 would pick up both Windows and Fedora and add them to the grub menu but instead, the grub menu only contained the options to boot Fedora or Ubuntu. I tried running 'sudo update-grub' but got the following message:
"cannot access /var/lib/os-prober/mount/boot
Boot: No such file or directory"
When I had a look in /os-prober all that was there was a file called 'labels' and when I opened it it consisted of the one line "Fedora 1" It looks to me, who doesn't know a lot about grub2, that something is missing from grub and had wondered whether to re-install it or whether doing so would be jumping out of the frying pan into the fire.
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