Ubuntu Installation :: GRUB2 Gives Two Bootable Versions After Update?
Mar 23, 2010
Today, I used the Update Manager to do my first post-installation update of Ubuntu 9.10. I have a multi-boot setup (Ubuntu / WinXP), using GRUB2. Before the update, I had 5 options:
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic (recovery mode)
Memory test (memtest86+)
Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)
[Code]...
Is it valid that the -14- has remained in the list? Surely I can only boot -20- now? How should I get rid of this version since it is added by update-grub because of the existence of this file: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic,Should I delete the file or just rename it? Or is there a better way?
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Apr 14, 2010
Here's how to always have only the latest kernel version in your grub:
Code:
sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/10_linux
Find these lines:
Code:
list=`for i in /boot/vmlinu[xz]-* /vmlinu[xz]-* ; do
if grub_file_is_not_garbage "$i" ; then echo -n "$i " ; fi
done`
And change it with this:
Code:
for ver in /boot/vmlinu[xz]-* ; do
list="$ver"
done
Notice two differences.
1. There's no ` before "for" and after "done" keywords.
2. There's no list= before "for"
If you want to change the name of entry, scroll down to the end of the file and find last two occurrences of:
Code:
linux_entry
${OS} stands for Ubuntu and ${version} stands for your kernel version. I changed this into:
Code:
linux_entry "${OS} 9.10 Karmic Koala"
You can use your own imagination. If you want to have specific name for your Windows entry, in /boot/grub/grub.cfg copy everything between:
Code:
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
and
Code:
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
paste it in
/etc/grub.d/40_custom
Change the text between double quotes right after menu entry. (For example, my 40_custom looks like this now:
Code:
#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry "Windows 7" {
insmod ntfs
set root=(hd0,1)
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set bcdc24dddc249424
chainloader +1
}
)
and make 30_os-prober not executable:
Code:
sudo chmod -x 30_os-prober
If you want to remove recovery mode entry, just uncomment this line in /etc/default/grub:
Code:
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true"
PS Don't forget to run
Code:
sudo update-grub
After you finish editing everything! And check in /boot/grub/grub.cfg if everything is ok!
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Nov 8, 2010
I have downloaded both the 32 bit and the 64bit version of slackware, I have a dual layer dvd and I was thinking to put both versions on one dvd! I just want to be able to choose which one to install with a simple menu. How can I do this?
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Jul 28, 2010
I need to prevent that the latest kernel update removes the only kernel that still works in my computer. how can i do this? Currently I have 3 linux kernels versions:
Code:
Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-23-generic
Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-23-generic (recovery mode)
Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, kernel 2.6.32-22-generic
[code]...
But only the oldest works. With the new update there is a new kernel version (2.6.32-24) that possibly will not boot (like previous 2.6.32-* kernels) and also I expect that, as in previous updates, the oldest kernel will become inaccessible, thus rendering my ubuntu unbootable.
PS: unsolved threads on the underlaying problem: Can't boot default kernel after upgrading from 9.xx to 10.04 lucid Upgrade to 10.04 freezes on the Ubuntu screen
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Mar 3, 2010
My Grub2 boot menu includes:
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-19-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-19-generic (recovery mode)
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic (recovery mode)
Q1) I only really need the latest kernel, 2.6.31-19, don't I?
Q2) So how can I get rid of the two 2.6.31-14 entries?
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Aug 3, 2011
After installing windows XP,I did some googling to try to get ubuntu back,but seems messed something up. Right now,every time to boot system,I have to press "e" on first entry in boot menu,then press "e"s to do these two modifications to startup ubuntu corrently:
1,root (hd0,0)
----------------------------
(hd0,0) ===>> (hd0,4)
----------------------------
2,kernel /boot/... root=/dev/hd0 ro ..
[Code]....
2,then try to modify /boot/grub/grub.cfg: change all root (hd0,0) to (hd0,4)
(don't know and find where to change:"kernel /boot/... root=/dev/hd0 ro ..") and restart,thing is being same as before,so how can I get gr ub2 configured right?
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Jun 25, 2010
I upgraded my main box to Ubuntu 10.04 and everything runs fine, except for a problem with grub: I can't modify the boot menu in any way, I'm stuck with what grub2 thought was the optimal setup at installation time (and it got it wrong, btw). The current boot menu lists:
- my older 9.10 install in sdb2 (one kernel)
- legacy windows XP install on sda1
- my even older 9.04 install in sdb1 (two kernel versions)
- my new install in sdb3, with only one kernel (the one coming with the distro CD)
I tried anything I could think of to modify this menu:
- modify the /etc grub config file then running sudo update-grub
- using a specific app (system manager? don't remember its name)
- upgrading to the latest kernel
- removing and reinstalling grub
to no avail: the menu is still there in the above form, and I have to manually select the 10.04 (old) kernel by hand every time I reboot.
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Jun 18, 2011
Im running Ubuntu 10.10 32 bit and Grub2. When running the update manager, I get the following message while it is configuring grub-pc: The Grub boot loader was previously installed to a disk that is no longer present, or whose normally unique identifier has been changed for some reason. It is important to make sure that the installed Grub stays in sync with other components such as grub.cfg...I change my hardware, including hard disks, frequently so that is likely the cause. My computer still boots but I like to fix this if possible. My disk partitions are:/dev/sda1/boot/dev/sda2/ /dev/sda3/home
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Jun 7, 2011
I need to make a bootable grub2 CD. The instructions refer to /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/stage2_eltorito. It is not supplied. Is it available separately, or do I need to build it myself? If so, how?
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Apr 23, 2011
I'm using Maverick Meerkat, 10.10, 64bit. I'm a pretty basic user but am trying my best to learn.
My background: I have a laptop on which I installed Win7 Ulimate on one partition. After installing Win7 I then installed Ubuntu on a separate partition. GRUB2 found both Win7 and Ubuntu perfectly. I could choose to boot into either one and the ability for GRUB2 to "remember" which OS I booted into last worked properly. I then did a kernel update a couple days ago via Ubuntu's Update Manager. After that, GRUB2 could no longer see Win7. I added a custom boot entry in /etc/grub.d/ so that Win7 would show up in GRUB2.
However once Win7 did show up in GRUB2 I kept having a problem with the Windows bootloader being missing. I used the Win7 Recovery DVD to get into Windows and then installed EasyBCD for Win in which I was able to create a Win7 boot entry and get the Win7 bootloader back. I set EasyBCD to skip the bootmenu so my current configuration now is that on bootup I see GRUB2, which shows Maverick Meerkat & Win7. If I select Win7 then Win7 loads via EasyBCD and it works fine.
The problem though is that GRUB2 does not auto-detect Win7 AND it no longer remembers the last OS that I booted into. I would rather not use EasyBCD if I can help it and would like to just use GRUB2 for everything.
My question is this: How can I get GRUB2 back to controlling Ubuntu & Win7 properly without the need for anything else in between. I have asked in the Freenode Ubuntu channel but haven't received any help besides "sudo update-grub" which I have done and it hasn't helped.
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Jun 23, 2011
Id like to make bootable ISO of a directory using mkisofs + grub2.
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Dec 11, 2010
I presently dual boot with Vista Home Premium and Ubuntu 10.04 LTS. Since the installation of Ubuntu about 8 months ago, my Grub menu at boot up shows all the updates for Ubuntu 2.6.32-24, -25 and -26. How can I eliminate the first two and only leave the latest update?
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Jun 7, 2010
I'm sorry if this is recurring subject, but I have searched the forum for such a subject and can't find one.I'm using Xubuntu 8.10, I'd like to update my programs to the latest releases, but the available updates in 8.10 versions are not the newest ones. I can't upgrade to a newer version of Ubuntu due to some known issues with older Intel drivers.
Is it possible to have the latest updates of packages while I still using 8.10 version?
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Mar 7, 2010
i initilally installed ubuntu 9.10 then installed windows 7 ,then i recovered grub2 using livecd as told in the post [URL] i did "sudo update-grub" and got windows 7 menu entry but when i select that entry windows 7 does not load but the grub2 is reloaded again.
i cant boot to windows 7.
Windows 7 have 100 mb partition "System Reserved" the grub2 points to that partition but still windows 7 not loaded.
sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x3c3a81f5
[Code]....
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May 17, 2010
I went through so many post but I haven't found the proper answer yet hope you have an Idea1. Grub2 saves only Linux OS as last selected no Windows OS2.It is possible to boot into a cdrom (drive)?
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Sep 11, 2010
I'm using Truecrypt to encrypt my Windows 7 OS. I also have unencrypted Ubuntu 10.04 installed on /dev/sda6 on the same hard drive. Since Truecrypt bootloader must be installed in MBR, I have GRUB2 installed on /dev/sda6, so I can use TC bootloader to load GRUB2. When I first install GRUB2 on /dev/sda6, I can use TC bootloader to load Ubuntu. But, if I boot into Windows via TC bootloader, and then later try to boot into Ubuntu, I get the message "no bootable partition found". I have to reinstall GRUB2 onto /dev/sda6, every time after I use windows in order to be able to boot into Ubuntu. It seems that starting Windows somehow overwrites GRUB2. Is there a fix for this?
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Sep 17, 2010
ubuntu lucid, firefox 3.6... but it seems the firefox 3.6 is not a complete 3.6 as its gecko is 3.0...; so whenever i want to install a update that is for ff >= 3.5, i always get, that this addon is not available for ff 3.0... my question:
1. is it normal that the ff 3.6 is running on gecko 3.0 on ubuntu? cuz in windows the ff 3.6 also has the 3.6 gecko
2. if so.. how can i update that gecko?
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Mar 11, 2010
When yum updates the kernel it keeps the last 3 versions; the older kernels are deleted. Is there a way to keep more than 3 versions?
I presently have one working version and two which are not compatible with my machine. One more bad version and my system will be toast. (I would like to keep the "bad" versions for testing.)
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May 19, 2011
I checked my kernel version (uname -r) and see I'm on "2.6.34.8-0.2-default", and I noticed that they just released 2.6.39. I'm assuming (perhaps incorrectly) that there's been at least versions 2.6.35/6/7/8 released in there. Why isn't my openSUSE 11.3 using anything more recent than .34? How does this updating work? Is 11.4 on a more recent one?
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Apr 30, 2011
I have tried a lot of distributions, and have been using Ubuntu for the last year or so. However I would really like to use a good KDE4 distribution. I do have some stringent requirements though.
1- Easy and quick to get it up and going.
2- It needs to use pulse (or at least very easy to add it and get it working). I know a lot of people don't like pulse, but I can't do what I need to do without it.
3- it needs to have a large repository (like ubuntu, debian, or any major distribution). It also has to have a good package management system, again like ubuntu, debian, but not like slackware.
4- I would like it to be easy to update to new versions. I don't care if it is a rolling release or not, but I don't want to have to install it all over again each year.
5- I want it to be a stable system, not too cutting edge, but also not too old.
6- It would be nice if it had multimedia codecs, etc included like mint. But it is ok as long as it is not too difficult to get them installed later.
[Code]....
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Mar 3, 2011
How do i create a bootable CD to update my BIOS in ubuntu 10.04
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Jul 10, 2011
I amend the grub file at /etc/default/grub as administrator, I then open a terminal and perform 'sudo update-grub', but I receive the following error message:
Quote:
/etc/default/grub: 1: If: not found
What could this mean? How can I update Grub successfully?
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Jan 7, 2010
So I know I should have known better then to turn my updates back on after the 15 and 16 kernel updates crashed ubuntu and grub but I did anyway and once again after a new kernel gets installed I'm stuck at the grub sh prompt.
Been down the road before... tried using
linux /boot/vml....... root=/dev/sda1 loop=/ubuntu/disks/root.disk ro
When I use the 16 or 17 kernel I get an error stating "invalid imaginary number"...
So I use the 14 kernal and enter
initrd /boot/initrd.....
boot
And it boots like it did the last time this crashed. I went to the terminal and entered
sudo apt-get install grub 2
sudo update-grub2
And then rebooted like I did last time expecting the problem to be fixed and at least be able to boot up the 14-generic. It didn't fixed this time. So now what do I do to fix grub and what do I do about having 2 unbootable kernals??
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Mar 17, 2011
Is there a way to stop GRUB2 from updating grub.cfg with new entries after an update? It shits me because it goes and writes over all my custom modifications of current entries.. e.g:
"Windows 7 Home Premium" (which I made), gets changed back to:
"Windows 7 (loader) (/dev/sda2)"
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Jun 30, 2011
I'm not to clear on the difference between LTS versions and other versions, but think I may want to go with LTS. Can someone tell me if my thinking is correct given the following situation: I have some very cool, but very expensive software installed with a group license from my school, a school which I am not going to be attending for too much longer. So I want to go as long as possible without reinstalling Ubuntu, because once the product is licensed it will be licensed until I reinstall Ubuntu (or I uninstall the program). So I think this is going to require me keep the Ubuntu version I install as long as possible.
So in this case, should I go with 10.04LTS or should I just install Natty Narwhal and keep that as long as possible? It looks like 10.04LTS will be "supported" longer, but I'm not exactly clear on all that "supported" entails. Presumable it means security and software updates will be available for 10.04LTS for much longer than 11.x versions? So I'm thinking I should go with 10.04LTS
Is my thinking correct in going with 10.04LTS? Edit: It was pointed out that this would be against my contractual agreements. Which I suppose is probably true.
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Sep 13, 2010
I need to install a bios update to fix my PC after I upgraded the CPU. BIOS update should fix it.
But...This seems to be way harder than it should be. I'd be great if motherboard manufacturers could provide bootable iso images with all the tools to do the job without us having the build these ourselves...
Anyway, how do I go about creating a freedos bootable CDR under Kubuntu that is BIGGER than 1.44 MB!
My image file is 1MB already. The flashing program 32KB. I tried the methods from the various forums and just couldn't get them to work. Either ran out of space, or all the links to fdos were broken.
By the way, [url] doesn't seem to be right anymore and thats where everyone is pointing. I would probably have had this sorted if I could have the 2.88 MB image, but all I can find is a 1.44MB image and I have now idea how you can grow that to a bigger one. Why be stuck with 1.44MB? are we still in the 1990's ?
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Mar 30, 2011
Well, I was just doing an update, and there was an update for git that was held back. I decided to force this update using 'sudo apt-get dist-upgrade', and installation of git then failed. At this point in Synaptic - I could see versions listed as 'lucid', 'lucid-security', and then this ppa version. Then I barely managed to remove git - but now, if I try to install it again, *only* the ppa version is listed in Synaptic - no more 'lucid' and 'lucid-security' versions!!! Does anyone have an idea how I could recover the 'lucid', 'lucid-security' versions? I will try to salvage as much of the terminal with the problems as I can below...
Code:
/var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/preinst: 12: dpkg-maintscript-helper: not found
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/git_1%3a1.7.4.1-3~ppa1~lucid2_i386.deb (--unpack):
[code]....
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Jan 6, 2011
I was using tripleboot system in one hard drive. That included Windows 7,Ubuntu 10.10 and Ubuntu 11.04. And yesterday I decided to added openSUSE 11.3 at another partition. I'm using Ubuntu 11.04 grub2 as bootloader.
At first there was no problem. All OS detected well, but after opeSUSE online updates last night my openSUSE partition won't boot. First, at boot I chose openSUSE and it said "Boot kernel first" and nothing happens. And then I boot to ubuntu and ran update-grub then I saw grub no longer detected openSUSE partition.
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Jun 9, 2011
I generally have at least 4-5 distro's installed at one time - I always install grub to the boot partition of other distros -that was I control grub from the individual distros - I use ubuntu's grub as the default boot loader.
Rather than the method that ubuntu uses with the update-grub.I normally edit the grub.cnf file to add other distros but when update-grub launches it also adds links in grub.How can I prevent the upadte-grub script automatically adding lines for other distros i.e - I just want it to add ubuntu entries and ignore other partitions.
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Apr 20, 2011
I have an old computer that I use for trying out software and other things before putting them on my newer machine so as to avoid irreparable damage. The machine has 2 hard discs; the first disc contains Windows and I wanted to use the second disc for Linux. I installed Fedora 14 on the second disc and followed this with Ubuntu 10.10.
After I installed Fedora I re-booted and had a choice between booting into Windows or Fedora. After adding Ubuntu I assumed that Grub2 would pick up both Windows and Fedora and add them to the grub menu but instead, the grub menu only contained the options to boot Fedora or Ubuntu. I tried running 'sudo update-grub' but got the following message:
"cannot access /var/lib/os-prober/mount/boot
Boot: No such file or directory"
When I had a look in /os-prober all that was there was a file called 'labels' and when I opened it it consisted of the one line "Fedora 1" It looks to me, who doesn't know a lot about grub2, that something is missing from grub and had wondered whether to re-install it or whether doing so would be jumping out of the frying pan into the fire.
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