When # shutdown +5 is run all the terminals (including pseudo terminals) are sent broadcast messages saying system is about to go down. Is it possible for user to receive this in the form of OSD or system tray notification so that he will be informed even if he is not running any terminal emulator or running it but minimized it and working with something else?
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When setting up an alias for eth0, the interface works as expected for normal traffic, but does not receive broadcast traffic.
Host 1's setup:
Code:
Pinging host 1's normal interface from host 2 works as expected:
Code:
Pinging host 1's alias interface from host 2 works as expected:
Code:
Broadcast pinging from host 2 only gets a reply from host 1's real interface (as well as some other uninteresting devices on the network):
Code:
I have confirmed by listening on both interfaces using netcat, and broadcasting using netcat, and again only the real interface receives data.
Is this by design, or is it possible to get interface aliases to receive broadcast traffic?
I am working on uClinux/almost same as Linux. I am new to socket programming. I have two micro controllers running on same code. Simple run with arguments mean send merged string.
run 1st micro controller (Send): ./Name "anystring"
run 2st micro controller (Recive):/Name
My code is:
int receive() {
// Create socket
int sock_fd;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
char buffer[kBufferSize];
int bytes_received=0;
int addr_len = sizeof(addr);
printf("receive start ");
sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if ( sock_fd == -1 ) {
printf("receive Create ");
// Error occurred return 0; }
printf("Res Create sucee ");
// Create address from which we want to receive, and bind it
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
addr.sin_port = htons(kPortNumber);
if ( bind(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0 ) {
printf("receive bind "); // Error occurred return 0; }
printf("Bind Succeful sucee ");
while ( 1 ) {
// Receive a message, waiting if there's nothing there yet
bytes_received = recvfrom(sock_fd, buffer, kBufferSize-0, 0,
(struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len);
if ( bytes_received < 0 ) { // Error occurred
printf("receive bytes "); return 0; }
printf(" bytes_received succeful ");
printf("Ressocketstring : %s ",buffer);
memset(Ressocketstring,0x00 , sizeof(Ressocketstring));
strcpy(buffer,Ressocketstring); printf("Ressocketstring : %s
",Ressocketstring); printf(" ");
printf("Hello Receive finished");
// Now we have bytes_received bytes of data in buffer. Print it!
fwrite(buffer, sizeof(char), bytes_received, stdout); } }
int transmit(char * data, int length) {
int sock_fds[kMaxSockets];
// Obtain list of all network interfaces
/* struct ifaddrs *addrs;
if ( getifaddrs(&addrs) < 0 ) {
// Error occurred return 0; } */
// Loop through interfaces, selecting those AF_INET devices that support broadcast, but aren't loopback or point-to-point
struct sockaddr_in addr; int number_sockets = 0; struct hostent *he;
/* const struct ifaddrs *cursor = addrs;
while ( cursor != NULL && number_sockets < kMaxSockets ) {
if ( cursor->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET
&& !(cursor->ifa_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
&& !(cursor->ifa_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
&& (cursor->ifa_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) ) {
// Create socket*/
sock_fds[number_sockets] = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if ( sock_fds[number_sockets] == -1 ) // Error occurred {
printf("Error Create "); return 0; }
he = gethostbyname((char *)BCASTADDRESS) ;
if (he==NULL ) {printf("Error gethostbyname ");
herror("gethostbyname"); printf("Error host "); exit(1);
} printf("Res He ");
// Create address from which we want to send, and bind it
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr)); addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);//((struct sockaddr_in *)cursor->ifa_addr)->sin_addr; addr.sin_port = htons(kPortNumber);
if ( bind(sock_fds[number_sockets], (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0 )
{ // Error occurred printf("Error bind "); return 0; }
// Enable broadcast int flag = 1;
if ( setsockopt(sock_fds[number_sockets], SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &flag, sizeof(flag)) != 0 ) // Err occur { printf("Error Enable "); return 0; }
number_sockets =1; printf("Succes 1 "); printf("transmit Create ");
// Initialise broadcast address memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_BROADCAST;
addr.sin_port = htons(kPortNumber);
// Send through each interface int i;
for ( i=0; i<number_sockets; i++ ) {
if ( sendto(sock_fds[i], data, length, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0 )
{ printf("Error Send "); // Error occurred return 0;
} printf("Succes 2 "); } return 1; } void MergeMessage( ) {
memset(socketstring,0x00,sizeof(socketstring));
sprintf(socketstring,"%s@%s@%s@%s@%s@%s@%s@%s@%s@%s@%s
",Tmeg.s1,Tmeg.s2,Tmeg.s3,Tmeg.s4,Tmeg.s5,Tm eg.s6,Tmeg.s7,Tmeg.s8,Tmeg.s9,Tmeg.s10,Tmeg.s11);
printf(" MergeSocketMessage : %s ",socketstring); }
int main (int argc, char** argv) {
int fd=0,bdc=0; struct ifreq ifr; printf("Tsarting man ");
fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, "eth0", IFNAMSIZ-1);
ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifr); close(fd);
memset(MYIP,'-',sizeof(MYIP));
memset(BCASTADDRESS,'-',sizeof(BCASTADDRESS));
strcpy(MYIP, inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr)->sin_addr));
printf("Etho: %s ,len:%d ", MYIP,strlen(MYIP));
for(bdc=strlen(MYIP);MYIP[bdc-1]!='.';bdc--) {}
strncpy(BCASTADDRESS,MYIP,bdc-1); strcat(BCASTADDRESS,".255");
printf("BCASTADDRESS: %s ,len:%d
", BCASTADDRESS,strlen(BCASTADDRESS));
printf("Initial Broad Cast message "); {
/*s0"0" (id=76)
s1"500" (id=77)s2"100" (id=78)s3"100" (id=78)s4"startVD" (id=79)
s5"lighting" (id=80)s6"reading" (id=81)s7"Anna" (id=82)s8"0" (id=76)
s9"";s10"" (id=64)s11"" (id=64)*/
strcpy(Tmeg.s0,"0"); strcpy(Tmeg.s1,"500");strcpy(Tmeg.s2,"100");strcpy(Tmeg.s3,"100");
strcpy(Tmeg.s4,"startvd");strcpy(Tmeg.s5,"lighting");strcpy(Tmeg.s6,"reading");
strcpy(Tmeg.s7,"anna");strcpy(Tmeg.s8,"0"); }
MergeMessage (Tmeg); if( strlen(argv[1]) ) {
//strcpy(socketstring,Tmeg,sizeof(Tmeg));
if(transmit(socketstring, strlen(socketstring) ) ) {
printf(""%s" transmitted. ", socketstring); } else {
printf("Error occurred: %s ", strerror(errno)); return 1; } }
else { for( ; ; ) {
if ( argc < 2 ) // No argument: Just listen {
printf("Listening... "); if ( !receive() ) {
printf("Error occurred: %s ", strerror(errno)); return 1;
} return 0; } } } printf("Finished "); return 0;
} //////////////// .h file is /////////////
//#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN// Exclude rarely-used stuff from Windows headers
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define SubLen50
//#include <ifaddrs.h>
#include <errno.h>
char MYIP[20];
char BCASTADDRESS[20];
typedef struct {
char s0[SubLen];
char s1[SubLen];
char s2[SubLen];
char s3[SubLen];
char s4[SubLen];
char s5[SubLen];
char s6[SubLen];
char s7[SubLen];
char s8[SubLen];
char s9[SubLen];
char s10[SubLen];
char s11[SubLen];
}msg_struct;
msg_struct Sendmsg;
msg_struct Tmeg; //Recivemsg;
Boolean pri[6];
char socketstring[SubLen*12];
char Ressocketstring[SubLen*12];
int kBufferSize = (SubLen*12);
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[IMG]http://mshenrick.dyndns.org/Pictures/uf1.png
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