My Grub2 boot menu includes:
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-19-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-19-generic (recovery mode)
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic (recovery mode)
Q1) I only really need the latest kernel, 2.6.31-19, don't I?
Q2) So how can I get rid of the two 2.6.31-14 entries?
Here's how to always have only the latest kernel version in your grub:
Code:
sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/10_linux
Find these lines:
Code:
list=`for i in /boot/vmlinu[xz]-* /vmlinu[xz]-* ; do
if grub_file_is_not_garbage "$i" ; then echo -n "$i " ; fi
done`
And change it with this:
Code:
for ver in /boot/vmlinu[xz]-* ; do
list="$ver"
done
Notice two differences.
1. There's no ` before "for" and after "done" keywords.
2. There's no list= before "for"
If you want to change the name of entry, scroll down to the end of the file and find last two occurrences of:
Code:
linux_entry
${OS} stands for Ubuntu and ${version} stands for your kernel version. I changed this into:
Code:
linux_entry "${OS} 9.10 Karmic Koala"
You can use your own imagination. If you want to have specific name for your Windows entry, in /boot/grub/grub.cfg copy everything between:
Code:
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
and
Code:
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
paste it in
/etc/grub.d/40_custom
Change the text between double quotes right after menu entry. (For example, my 40_custom looks like this now:
Code:
#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry "Windows 7" {
insmod ntfs
set root=(hd0,1)
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set bcdc24dddc249424
chainloader +1
}
)
and make 30_os-prober not executable:
Code:
sudo chmod -x 30_os-prober
If you want to remove recovery mode entry, just uncomment this line in /etc/default/grub:
Code:
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true"
PS Don't forget to run
Code:
sudo update-grub
After you finish editing everything! And check in /boot/grub/grub.cfg if everything is ok!
After some updates Jessie 8 my boot grub shows now 2 kernel versions to boot from.
3.16.0-4-amd64
3.16-3-amd64
- How do I know which one is the newest and if happy with it, how to remove the older one?
I'm having an odd dual-boot problem. Briefly, I can't boot Windows XP from its entry on the GRUB2 menu. If I set the disk order in BIOS so that the machine boots off the drive with Windows XP, XP starts normally. However, if I boot off the Ubuntu drive, which brings up the GRUB2 menu, choosing the "Windows 7 loader" option (why it says Windows 7 when there's only Windows XP is another question!) just makes my system reboot.
It appears there's some problem with the way GRUB2 attempts to start Windows XP. I'm also wondering why GRUB2 thinks it sees the Windows 7 loader. There shouldn't be any Windows 7 anything anywhere. I once had a Windows 7 RC install on the same disk as Windows XP, but I wiped the Windows 7 system partition and reallocated its space as just another NTFS partition. FWIW, GRUB2 is installed on the MBR of the disk containing my Ubuntu install. Windows XP has a different drive all to itself.
As a long time Red Hat/Fedora user, I'm quite new to the Ubuntu/Debian culture, and/or, to the Grub2 specific behavior.I'd like to see Grub2 system selection menu at every boot time even if I only have a single operating system, Ubuntu 9.10, on my hard drive. What should I do fot this purpose?
View 1 Replies View RelatedAfter upgrading to 10.10 the grub boot menu stopped showing up. I made a custom menu in grub.d and update grub finds everything, but when I restart my system the boot menu never shows. I should have two kernels. How do I get the boot menu to show every time I restart my system?
View 9 Replies View RelatedI upgraded my main box to Ubuntu 10.04 and everything runs fine, except for a problem with grub: I can't modify the boot menu in any way, I'm stuck with what grub2 thought was the optimal setup at installation time (and it got it wrong, btw). The current boot menu lists:
- my older 9.10 install in sdb2 (one kernel)
- legacy windows XP install on sda1
- my even older 9.04 install in sdb1 (two kernel versions)
- my new install in sdb3, with only one kernel (the one coming with the distro CD)
I tried anything I could think of to modify this menu:
- modify the /etc grub config file then running sudo update-grub
- using a specific app (system manager? don't remember its name)
- upgrading to the latest kernel
- removing and reinstalling grub
to no avail: the menu is still there in the above form, and I have to manually select the 10.04 (old) kernel by hand every time I reboot.
Have recently installed 10.10 and have several other OS' installed, as well as other NTFS (non-OS) partitions. After a couple of updates, my boot menu shows about 8 entries, whereas I should only have about 4... How is this fixed in Grub2?
Have installed Startup Manager, and there seems to be no option here...
I'd like have some text written on my grub2 boot menu.
In legacy grub you could just add: title Foobar and you'd get "Foobar" displayed.
I tried: menuitem "Foobar" {} grub2, but it doesn't work. Any ideas how do you do something like that?
(Yes, I know writing grub.cfg by hand is not very smart. But I have a special situation: I wrote my own grub.cfg on a dedicated boot partition from where I chainload to other grub on other partitions. Those secondary grubs generate their grub.cfgs on the fly, so everything is OK )
I've already read and tested the various guides for pasword portecting the menu items. What I need is a little bit different. I need to protect the whole boot menu so normal users cannot select any entry at all and only let the default entry boot.
View 4 Replies View RelatedI just installed Debian squeeze. I installed grub to the MBR. It uses Grub 2. Apparently I'm not supposed to edit /boot/grub/grub.cnf, but /etc/default/grub and /etc/grub.d. I looked at these and read The Readme as well as a tutorial at [URL]. I'm still not sure of what to do. When I boot up I get 4 choices: 2 for Squeeze and two for another linux distro. I would like to edit the print out I get when I boot up, as well as add the partition for XP which wasn't included.
This is /etc/default/grub:
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
GRUB_DEFAULT=2
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" .....
I have Ubuntu 9.10, PuppyLinux431 and Windows XP on a Toshiba laptop. I like Ubuntu, but the speed of PuppyLinux is addictive, so that was my default boot until I upgraded Ubuntu which included an upgrade to Grub2.
My problem: Grub2 doesn't recognise PuppyLinux. Using information from [url] I have made an executable file named 07_Puppy in /etc/grub.d and did update-grub from root. Still no luck. I can boot PuppyLinux from the grub command line using the following commands:
Just before grub displays the boot menu, I think I see a very brief message about a syntax error, but it's gone before I can read it.
Here is the contents of my grub.cfg:
Quote:
Why Grub2 doesn't see Puppy and let me boot it from the menu?
I have two hard drives - (1) 80GB (2) 500GB: the 1st HD has 3 partitions (in that order) - Windows 7, Ubuntu 10.10 & Swap. the 2nd HD is for storage only, and has 2 partitions.
I did the following - I installed Windows 7 on the first partition of the 1st HD, it booted just fine. Then I installed Ubuntu 10.10 on the second partition of the 1st HD.
Windows 7 shows in the GRUB menu alongside with Ubuntu. Ubuntu boots just fine, but when I select Windows it simply restarts the computer and the GRUB menu shows again.
RESULTS.txt of Boot Info Script:
Code:
Boot Info Script 0.55 dated February 15th, 2010
============================= Boot Info Summary: ==============================
=> Grub 2 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks on the same drive in partition #3 for (,msdos3)/boot/grub.
[Code]....
Here is how I created a Grub2 boot-cd with a (grub.cfg) menu:
mkdir /tmp/cdroot
mkdir /tmp/cdroot/boot
mkdir /tmp/cdroot/boot/grub
cp /boot/grub/grub.cfg /tmp/cdroot/boot/grub
cd /tmp
[code]....
NOTE: The above proceedure assumes you already have a grub.cfg file. If you don't, create one in the /tmp/cdroot/boot/grub directory
machine boots straight to Windows, Grub2 does not display the normal boot menu choices. Therefore, not able to boot into Ubuntu 9.10.Perhaps someone could look at this Results.txt file and shed some light on what went wrong.This machine was working fine for a long time, then all of a sudden, it starting booting straight to Windows.
View 9 Replies View RelatedOn Grub legacy i used a menu entry to boot from a DVD since the bios on my pc doesn't recognize my DVD burner.... So before on the old grub i can just added this menu entry and it all worked...title DVDroot(hd0,0)kernel /boot/grub/memdisk.bininitrdboot/grub/sbootmgr.dskthen grub 2 came along and that all changed..on the 40_custom file i added this
menuentry "Boot DVD Drive" {
set root=(hd0,0)
linux /boot/grub/memdisk.bin
[code]....
Today, I used the Update Manager to do my first post-installation update of Ubuntu 9.10. I have a multi-boot setup (Ubuntu / WinXP), using GRUB2. Before the update, I had 5 options:
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-14-generic (recovery mode)
Memory test (memtest86+)
Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)
[Code]...
Is it valid that the -14- has remained in the list? Surely I can only boot -20- now? How should I get rid of this version since it is added by update-grub because of the existence of this file: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic,Should I delete the file or just rename it? Or is there a better way?
When I turn on my computer, because of frequent updates it will display several versions of Ubuntu 10.10 that I can choose from. I wonder if it is possible to delete some of the older versions and how. I think having several versions of Ubuntu uses up a lot of space in the hard drive.
View 4 Replies View RelatedAfter upgrade from MDV 2009.1 to MDV 2010 a bunch of available kernels that can be selected are listed at boot. I think that these are still installed but I really don't need them listed. I would like to get rid of the list of extras. I've had a look at /boot/grub but I can't figure out what.
View 11 Replies View Relatedi wiped my entire hard drive that had xp as its only OS. I freshly installed a Windows 7 ultimate and everything went perfectly. I then decided to install 10.4. I split the partitions correctly (i had experience doing this already with my laptop, which has xp/10.4). Ubuntu 10.4 install went flawlessly, except for one thing. Now when i boot up the pc, it goes straight into 10.4. I have tried holding shift during the start up to force the boot menu, and it just shows the Ubuntu 10.4 OS as choices. Any clue what i could do to make Win7 appear in the boot menu?
View 9 Replies View RelatedI seem to have determined a few other things about my "only gets as far as a GRUB command line" problem:To recap, sda3 (GRUB hd0,2) is the main Linux partition; sda9 (GRUB hd0,8) is the boot partition.GRUB is 0.92.Installation was from an 8.04LTS live CD (at least, that's what the envelope says it is)/"/boot/grub" (i.e., "/grub" on sd9/hd0,8) contains a "menu.lst" file. I modified it (had to do a "sudo gedit" from a command line!) to (1) comment out the line that hides the boot menu, (2) change the timeout from 3 seconds to 90, and (3) add a menu line based on my succesful manual IPL of DOS.
It still boots to a GRUB command line. If I do a "configfile /grub/menu.lst," a boot menu comes up. DOS will successfully IPL, but Linux still gets a "no setup signature found," (ditto for "recovery mode"), which suggests either a bad kernel, or a kernel that's too big for the GRUB to handle.Why would it be finding its way to grub, but not finding the boot menu file?Why would the live CD come up just fine, yet the GRUB and kernel it installs fail?
I'm running Debian testing, and when I boot up my netbook, I see in the GRUB menu that there is Linux kernel 2.6.32-trunk-686, Linux kernel 2.6.32-5-686, and Linux kernel 2.6.32-3-686..
What is the different between the three? Linux 2.6.32-trunk-686 is at the top of the list and that's what I let load first.
In my Red Hat 7.2 , the /boot/grub/grub.conf has the following data :
But when I reboot my Red Hat server , I don't see the Grub menu to say edit the boot kernel .
I'm a very new Linux user, so speak slowly and don't use big words. I installed Karmic from the Live CD. It is the only OS in use on this system. I then upgraded to Ubuntu Studio using the instructions found on the wiki.
On bootup, I get a brief message stating "GRUB loading" and then the system automatically boots to the generic kernel. No GRUB menu is ever displayed. I would like the option to boot to the real-time kernel, but I have no idea how to edit the appropriate files. I've done a fair amount of reading on the subject, but I find very little information relating directly to the real-time kernel, and so I still feel like I'm too green to do it without messing something up.
3 partitions (in order): Windows 7, CentOS and shared data partition.
I need to increase the size of the Windows 7 partition (c:windowswinsxs seems to be something not easily remedied).
GParted didn't work in moving things around (bad sector) so I wiped out its partition (# 2 out of 3) and I was able to increase the size of the Windows 7 partition (I can reinstall CentOS easily and not much work lost).
Except ... no more grub menu (unsurprising). This incantation does allow me to boot into Windows 7.
Is there any way of rebuilding the grub menu short of reinstalling CentOS (5.5)?
How do I add/delete modify the menu system on the Fedora Menu Bar, i.e. If I want to add a custom menu to the "Applications/Office" menu how do I do it?
Fedora Core 14 On Gnome 2.32.0
(Linux xxxxx 2.6.35.6-45.fc14.i686 #1 SMP Mon Oct 18 23:56:17 UTC 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux)
i initilally installed ubuntu 9.10 then installed windows 7 ,then i recovered grub2 using livecd as told in the post [URL] i did "sudo update-grub" and got windows 7 menu entry but when i select that entry windows 7 does not load but the grub2 is reloaded again.
i cant boot to windows 7.
Windows 7 have 100 mb partition "System Reserved" the grub2 points to that partition but still windows 7 not loaded.
sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x3c3a81f5
[Code]....
I went through so many post but I haven't found the proper answer yet hope you have an Idea1. Grub2 saves only Linux OS as last selected no Windows OS2.It is possible to boot into a cdrom (drive)?
View 2 Replies View RelatedI have old laptop without CD (already it's dead), FDD was not from the beginning. This laptop have USB but can't load from USB. I install grub2 but it's work not correct. It boot system only 1 per 3 times. Don't show text correctly - sometimes I saw black squears & not letters (only in this f*g grub2; why developers don't made normal uninstaller?).
View 3 Replies View RelatedI'm interested in editing the Grub startup menu to take out some of the previous versions of Ubuntu. First, is there a reason Grub keeps the previous versions available to boot to in that list? If it is just in case of a problem with the new installation wouldn't it make sense to only have the most recent previous installation? Anyway here is the problem, when I run: Code: "gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst"
The editing program opens the file named "menu.lst" but the file is empty. How is it possible for this file to be empty yet I have multiple boot options and they all work? Does anybody know what I am running into here?