Debian Configuration :: Partitioning The Four Individual Drives To Get Maximum Performance / Space From Them?
Jan 25, 2011
I've got 4 identical 1 TB drives and would like to use them in a software RAID configuration on my home server. I'm running Debian Linux using 'mdadm' utility to manage the software RAID. I don't know how much I've read is fact or dated or even false so I decided I would ask here to get help from people who know more about this than I do. This is essentially just a file server machine to store all my data so being that I've got four identical SATA hard drives, I was thinking about doing RAID level 5. I guess I'll start here and ask if that is the recommended level of RAID. I think RAID level 5 will be fine for my general server usage. My second issue is partitioning the four individual drives to get maximum performance / space from them. Basically just asking here how would you or you recommend I partition the drives? I was thinking about doing three seperate partitions per drive:
/dev/sda1 = 4 GB (swap)/dev/sda2 = 1 GB (/boot)/dev/sda3 = 995 GB (/Now from that partition schema above, obviously all the types will be 'fd' for RAID and the partition for /boot is going to be bootable. My confusion is that I read Grub doesn't support booting from RAID 5 since Grub can't handle disk assembly. If /dev/sdx2 (sda2, sdb2, sdc2, sdd2) are partitioned for /boot (bootable), how would you guys configure this RAID to match up equally? I don't think I do a RAID level 1 on 4 identical partitions, right?
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Dec 4, 2010
How to best manage partitioning when install programs not from debian repositories?I just discovered that Debian installs applications not from repositories to /opt and /lib. Both directories or folders reside in root (/) partition.Having made my root (/) partition (which is only around 500MB) -- more than sufficient for holding a couple of linux images but NOT good for holding application.What is the best solution for resolving this? It's annoying and worrying that my system always reminds of a close to full capacity root partition.
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Jan 30, 2010
The login screen is always at maximum screen resolution, how can i change this?
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Feb 11, 2010
What is the maximum number of virtual network interfaces possible?I would like to create around 300 or so. This is needed to simulate a 300 node network.
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Jun 30, 2011
I have a multi-threaded app using pThreads that runs great under Windows on my 4 core machine - all four cores get maxed out processing parts of a large file. I recompiled the same code to run on Red Hat linux on a 64 CPU machine - but from I can tell when it runs - it gets stuck on one core. "mpstat -P ALL" shows the cores are barely loaded. I have tried sched_affinity, sched_priority and SCHED_FIFO - nothing has helped. Any ideas on getting more performance?
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Sep 1, 2011
I have a RAID 1 that is mounted and working. But for some reason I can also see the individual drives under gnome Devices on gnome-shell. Is there a way to hide them from gnome or linux in general. (So only the raid 1 can be seen)
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Aug 3, 2011
I have a PC104 running debian. I have 3 hard drives (in addition to the one booting) mounted in fstab by UUID. I use the options defaults,error=remount-ro. However, this means that when I boot with the hard drives not attached, I have to press Ctrl-D to bypass when the boot discovers the drives are missing. Is there a timeout commandoption I can add to fstab so that it automatically continues booting even if the hard drives are not attached? I could not find anything on a timeout command. (I tried adding timeout=1000 but no-random guess)
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Mar 3, 2011
if I make more partitions rather than creating single one, will I get more data access performance? E.g Instead of keeping 1,5TB partition, create 5x300MB and keep different data in different partitions? Logically hard drive will spend less time on finding data in smaller partition then in bigger one, right? Is there any statistics for performance vs size?
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Apr 22, 2010
I have 2 ASUS Boxes (one with 8GB, one with 4GB) When both mtus are set at 7200, using scp to copy a 56MB file takes 2:06. If I reduce either mtu to 1500, the speed is 2 seconds. I'm wondering if this is some kind of kernel bug or driver bug or what. For the moment, I've lowered the mtu to 1500 to get the performance out of the machines, but find it interesting that what should make it faster is actually slowing down. Where should I post this to get it looked at? Is anyone else seeing it.I see a similar performance issue with smbclient too.
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Jun 7, 2010
Ok first off, I love debian, but on my new notebook I am getting a little frustrated with the terrible, video performance.Direct rendering is enabled on both systems, and openGL is working (I can if I wanted to use compiz etc...) fine on both systems, just running slow on debian.
I have tried Lenny, Squeeze and Sid, I have compiled the intel driver (and Mesa3D) from git and got it working (I am sure its working because its given me a slight boost), I ahve also tried building the latest stable (and RC2) kernel.If I install ubuntu 9.10 I get pretty decent 3D performance, its not ground breaking, but hey its an intel chipset so I am not expecting to kick the latest nvidia / ati card's backside.I really dont want to use ubuntu, I find it unstable when compaired to debian, but I also want to be able to play the odd game when I am bored, and at the moment I just cant do that under debian
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Jun 13, 2011
I have a transcend pendrive USB of 16 GB . I installed Linux ubuntu and i am able to allot only 4gb for working with linux ubuntu. I want to utilize my maximum space of 16gb USB.Can i alot more disk space for Linux in my USb ?
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Jun 12, 2011
Just picked up a 64g M4 SSD, bit small I know but wanted to have a play and try the SSD thing out. I am chasing partitioning suggestions. Problem is, you guessed it, space. As always with SSD's, space is at a premium. Formatted I am apparently going to end up with about 58gig usable. A disk usage analysis of my current Fedora 14 install on a 7200rpm drive gives me 30g of files in home, and about 15g to root.
Of that 30g of home files, 8g is tied up in Thunderbird alone, so was going to allocate about 45 to /home; and about 3g to swap. Problem is / (root) I have 8 gig tied up in /usr, and another 5 gig tied up in /var. Is this normal? Can I delete some of those files or will a fresh install of Fedora 15 blow out eventually to fill all that. I know I am trapped with /usr on the SSD but can I move /var to a 7200rpm instead of chocking up my teeny weeny ssd? What have other people partitioned their SSD's as?
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Jul 15, 2010
So I'm running proftpd on an old machine just for my own backup purposes, but I'm running out of space. I was wondering if it would be safe/efficent to set up an additional USB hard drive to the LVM drive that I have now? As in, would it write quick enough (USB 2.0), read quick enough and not corrupt data?
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Jul 13, 2011
My laptop has /dev/sda5 mounted on /. It has 10GiB and almost full. I formated Windows XP partition and it is now /dev/sda1 ext4 45GiB free space.When I mounted /dev/sda1 to root (/) directory, df commands showed still the original partition size. (81% used).
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Mar 11, 2010
I'm a first time installer of Ubuntu. I've run it directly from CD a few times earlier, but I'm installing it from the CD for the first time. I've read some stuff about this from other sites, and have some doubts I hope you geniuses would be able to clarify. Situation : My 80GB Primary HDD is partitioned into what I think is 1 Primary partition [10GB] and 1 extended partition [70GB] which is further divided into three logical partitions.
I don't have to worry about other data, since I've got a 320GB External HDD for that. Now, Ubuntu says that it can squeeze the free space out of the Windows Partition. But my Windows partition is pretty full, and I don't want to re-install it on a larger partition. I've got one logical drive [20GB] free on my Primary HDD. Can it be converted into a primary partition without affecting anything else i.e. my Windows partition and the other two logical partitions remain intact ? Or do I have to format my extended partition and subdivide into a primary and extended partition ?
Q2 - How do I adjust swap space ? Does it have to be a primary partition ? Or can it be a logical partition ? To make a logical partition swap space, do I have to reformat my entire extended partition to squeeze out free space, or can it be kept intact? I'm using Ubuntu Hardy Heron. I know it's a lot to read, but I'm pretty confused right now.
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Apr 9, 2011
I am new to Slackware but I'm a bit familiar with Ubuntu. I normally partition my ubuntu using /swap, /root and /home. In ubuntu it is recommended to separate /home and /root partitions so that later on if something to be changed in the system we just need to apply on that /root without affecting our old data in /home. Is it the same way in Slackware applied? If so, is it the same as having /swap, /root and /home partitions as well? Can anyone suggest for the harddisk distribution of my 320GB space..
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Jun 10, 2010
would anyone here happen have gotten one of these successfully up, running &, aligned on 5.5? i only want two partitions. one 2gig for swap and the rest mounted @ /. i've googled myself into complete and utter confusion.[Moderator edit: changed the title to something more informative
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Jan 20, 2010
I have set up squid server. My cache directory has been set up as per following statements.cache_dir ufs /Cache1/squid 10000 16 256cache_dir ufs /Cache2/squid 10000 16 256Now the problem is that size of /Cache1 and /Cache2 has reached to about 8GB and in near future it will reach the maximum limit of 10GB. I just want to know that whether I need to delete the contents of these directories or otherwise.
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Mar 15, 2016
Debian Version: 8.3 (Jessie) KDE (although this is NOT a desktop issue)
Basic Hardware:
Gigabyte Motherboard GA-970A-D3P
AMD 8350 CPU (8 cores)
32 GB DDR3 RAM
120GB SSD SATA-6GB/s
750 WD Black SATA-6GB/s
I am getting "Error: No space left on device" regularly during updates or installs, but why. Here is data on the disks, filesystems, etc...
Code: Select all df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 81G 27G 50G 35% /
devtmpfs 16G 0 16G 0% /dev
tmpfs 16G 76K 16G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 16G 18M 16G 1% /run
[code]...
Seems very doubtful that inodes are the killer.I have googled and followed all the threads, and search these forums and found nothing that fits - every answer there was focused on avaiolable space and inodes..And to make the cheese even more binding, the issue has cropped up on another 8.3 system with far more disk space (larger hard drives) and lots more unused inodes
Code: Select alldf -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/dm-0 907G 6.6G 855G 1% /
udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev
tmpfs 995M 9.2M 986M 1% /run
tmpfs 2.5G 76K 2.5G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 2.5G 0 2.5G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
[code]...
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Jul 11, 2011
I have deb6 installed in VMWARE ,i am posting my fstab config file
/dev/mapper/debian-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=0e7bc1e7-4f8c-4dee-a6e9-ae6d0669755e /boot ext2 defaults $
/dev/mapper/debian-home /home ext4 defaults 0 2
[code]....
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Nov 7, 2010
Fedora 14, 64-bit. In installer i came to partitioning, chose option: User Free Space, on hdd i have a partiotion (unformatted) of 40 GB. Still, installer says:
Quote:
Could not find enough free space for automatic partitioning, please use another partitioning method. What should i do? PS. I don't want to create partitions manually, because I don't know how to do it and installer is going to do it way better itself. I can't use whole hdd either as i have windows and data on it which i cannot lose. PPS. I tried unformatted partition, unallocated space (of 40 GB), options: User Free Space, Create Custom Layout, but i always get an error msg about 'not enough space'. Is it possible, that installer is bugged?
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Apr 13, 2011
I am testing release 10.10 of Ubuntu desktop from a USB boot drive. It looks great so far, and I am thinking of installing it on the machine. However, I would like to know the disk space requirements. I know I could look them up, Also, while working with the interface I accessed all of the machines devices from the Linux OS and saw that I could partition an existing partition. However, that houses the Windows XP SP3 installation and I was wondering if altering partition size would wipe its contents.
I would be awsome if I could dynamically alter the partition to the size required by Ubuntu plus some slack for applications and the like so I could have both OSs on the same machine without having to reformat the drive for dual boot and re-install both OSs.
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Feb 19, 2010
I seem to have a major discrepancy between what df reports and what du reports. df tells me that I am using 20G, but I am only able to find 9.5G using du. What follows are the ls -l of root, a df of my system, and the du for every directory in root that is not a symbolic link, mnt, or proc. I would appreciate any suggestions on where to look for the remaining 10.5G that seems to have disappeared.
I am running under VM Player code...
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Mar 1, 2011
I am attempting to install the 64-bit version of Ubuntu 10.10 on my computer.I'm intending to dual boot Win7 and Ubuntu with one hard drive that came factory partitioned into two drives. Win7 was installed first.Ok, onto the issue. The Install is going well until I get to the Allocate Drive Space form (so almost right off the bat). I first created a swap partition within my "second drive" (really just a partition of the larger drive). This stalled out and I had to exit setup and restart the computer. Booted into Win7 to be safe and Win only recognizes the First Drive and no longer the second drive. So, I boot up the Ubuntu Install CD and get back to the allocate drive space form I see I have a (linux-swap) drive with the same gb space as before.
So, from here I create a partition within the "second drive" 20gb of ext4 type space. This does not stall out and creates a partition of 20 gb. But, now it says I have 175 gb of "Unusable" space. This is very unsettling and using the "revert" button does nothing.How do I fix this space so I can finish the install?[URL]
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Apr 21, 2011
Is there an easy way to add SATA drives to an existing system and have them m automatically at boot?So far I've been able to create a partition and format but they never mount at boot.What do I have to put in fstab so it will work?Also, since RAID doesn't work in Debian, is it possible to make two drives mount at the same folder
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Mar 17, 2011
i have successfully set up squid3 with squeeze using guide on this forum viewtopic.php?f=16&t=59301 . The only problem that i have is the size of /var/log/access.log is too big and keep increasing so i run out of free space. The size of it always the same size as my free space hard disk (so it make me run out of free space in just one day, it can have size to 30 Gb ) right now , the only workaround i make is using crontab to rm access.log every hour . I'm sure this is not the right solution . Does anybody know the correct workaround about this ? I have searching in google but seems havent yet have luck with this .
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Apr 20, 2010
I have Fedora 6 & 10.3. Both DVD's will install the default partitioning (LVM) with either the normal programs or the custom selection. I wish to custom create my own partitions (about6 or7) with EXT3 format. The drive is112Gb. and I am only using about 30Gb. in total, giving approx. 80 Gb free. However after checking for dependencies the error message comes back 'Insuffient free space' every time. This happens on another M/board and/or Drive combination.
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Oct 27, 2010
So I have been doing some RAID 5 performance testing and am getting some bad write performance when configuring the RAID with an even number of drives. I'm running kernel 2.6.30 with software based RAID 5. This seems rather odd and doesn't make much since to me. For RAID 0 my performance consistently increases as I add more drives, but this is not the case for RAID 5. Does anyone know why I might be seeing lower performance when constructing my RAID 5 with 4 or 6 drives rather than 3 or 5?
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May 29, 2010
so I just installed Squeeze Alpha1 amd64, dual boot with MS Vista using Grub. Everything seemed fine, but I'm apparently missing about 40GB of space. It should be set up as so:
101GB NTFS /dev/sda1 - Vista
12GB NTFS /dev/sda2 - HP Recovery
45GB ext3 /dev/sda3 - / Debian squeeze
[code]...
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Jul 1, 2011
Command "sudo aptitude install oxygen-icon-theme" return following error:
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/oxygen-icon-theme_4%3a4.6.2-2_all.deb (--unpack):
unable to install new version of `/usr/share/icons/oxygen/22x22/apps/preferences-desktop-default-applications.png': No space left on device
[Code]....
As far as I can see oxygen-icon-theme unpacks only in /usr/share, beyond it I can think of only /tmp, /var or /var/tmp that it may use, all of which have plenty more than those ~40 MiB that it supposed to occupy unpacked. All btrfs filesystems were formatted with "-d single -m single". System is Debian Sid 64-bit with linux-image-3.0.0-rc5-amd64.
why dpkg may have trouble unpacking this package?
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