Ubuntu Servers :: Software Raid 5 Migration With A File System Change?
Jan 26, 2010
Everything is software raid using mdadm
3x320GB HDDs in raid 5
1x1.5TB HDDs in raid 1(don't ask)
The above are LVMed to create ~2TB of combined space using reiserFS. I'm not really happy with the performance so I'm moving to XFS while I'm at it.
I FINALLY got around to ordering 2 more 1.5TB HDDs. The end goal is.3x1.5TB HDD in raid 5 formatted to XFS for a total of around ~2.7GB of space.
1. Create raid 5 array using the new 2x1.5TB HDDs.(yes, very pointless at the moment, please continue reading)
2. Copy data from 2TB LVM to the new ~2.7TB raid 5. (will mdadm let me be an idiot? It apparently let me force create a single drive in a raid 1)
3. Move the original 1.5TB over to the new raid 5 to actually provide redundancy.
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Apr 20, 2011
I have a RAID5 with 5x2TB HD's and I'm planning a major hardware overhaul. My server currently runs on a Pentium4 3.2 Ghz (pre multicore technology) on a SuperMicro mobo. I'm planning to switch to an AMD Phenom II X6 1100T Black Edition Thuban 3.3GHz, 3.7GHz Turbo 6.
So here's the question. Can I just plug my drives to the new board and restart the RAID like nothing happened? I don't have space to backup all my data if I have to recreate the RAID from scratch. Intel and AMD should be binary compatible (I mean the RPM's work) so I should be able to invoke mdadm to assemble the RAID after I install Linux on the new server. Right?
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Feb 1, 2011
Could any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.
Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:
mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]
I was able to examine the disks though:
Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....
Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.
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Aug 3, 2011
A while back I successfully set up a software raid (mdadm) install of ubuntu server on a cheap Compaq machine. I'm pretty sure it's running an nForce 430 chipset. Anyway, I put 3 2TB drives in it and set up two arrays: a small raid1 array for /boot and a raid5 array occupying the rest of the drives.
One point of note here is that the raid1 array never seemed to "take hold": the partition is empty, and the system has been booting entirely from the raid5 array. I'm not sure if this is relevant or not: just throwing it in there in case it is.
Anyway, I recently upgraded my desktop PC, and planned to hand down the Q6600 and DG33TL motherboard from it to the server. I did the hardware upgrade, but now the system will not boot. My question is: why.
Boot fails with the following error message:
"No bootable device -- insert boot disk and press any key"
This to me suggests that it's not even getting to the point of running grub2: the mobo itself just isn't finding anything it considers to be bootable.
I've tried all combinations I can think of of configuring the SATA support in the BIOS (modes include IDE, ACHI and RAID, all in combination with UEFI boot enabled and disabled). The system does detect the three drives: it lists them in the BIOS config screen.
I've booted from an ubuntu rescue USB drive and I'm able to see the drives and even assemble the array. I can mount the LVM partitions therein and do what I'd normally be able to do with them.
Everything *seems* fine: it just can't boot.
Grub2 is something of a mystery to me, so I'm not exactly sure what I need to do to get it booting again, if indeed it is a problem with grub.
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Jan 9, 2011
I've got a raid5 array of 4 disks with ubuntu 8.04 runing on it that is currently still working:
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdc
/dev/sdd
Smartmontools for /dev/sdc tell that there are 9 sectors pending for reallocation:
Code:
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 9
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 9
And /dev/sdd has increasing number of reallocated sectors (about 1 every couple of minutes):
Code:
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 1735
/dev/sdc has failed a coulple of times this week (but I have always sucessfully readded it to raid5) . But the increasing number of reallocated sectores on /dev/sdd concerns me even more.
I'm affraid that during removal of /dev/sdd and adding new /devs/sdd disk, raid might fall appart. That's why I would try to do it in Ubuntu Live CD:If the raid falls appart (/dev/sdc fails) during the readding of new /dev/sdd disk, I might still remove the new /dev/sdd and return the previous one and assemble the raid with:
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdd (old one that was previously removed)
Does assembling Raid in Ubuntu Live and adding new disk for /dev/sdd write anything on /dev/sda, /dev/sdb and /dev/sdc in the process of adding /dev/sdd into raid5?
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Sep 30, 2009
I was recently requested to try and convert a running system to RAID level 1. I did not succeed in this task. However, I am still interested in accomplishing this task in a test environment.What I did was create a RAID device with a device missing e.g.
mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 missing /dev/sdb2
Once the RAID was up and running I created the /etc/mdadm.conf file so that it would activate the RAID device on boot. Once the device was created I copied all the data from the running root filesystem to the /dev/md0 device. The only directory that I didn't copy was the /proc directory. When I rebooted the machine I had a kernel panic and the system couldn't find /dev/root. I would greatly appreciate it if someone could provide some information/tips regarding the problem.
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May 3, 2010
I am running a RAID0 array, with Windows 7 Ultimate x64 installed.
When i install LL10.04 through Wubi, it installs fine, reboots, continues the installation procedure, then it gives me an error box "No root file system is defined".
I have attempted pressing the "OK" button 10 or 15 times, however it does not progress. The box just keeps on popping up. My only option is a hard reset.
I've tried downloading the latest version of Wubi from the official website, and allowing Wubi to download ubuntu itself, and still nothing.
I do not want to create a new partition for Ubuntu and use the GRUB loader. I have a multi boot system and would like to stick to the windows boot loader.
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Jan 6, 2010
Here is my system: I have dell poweredge 1950 PERC 6 with 300 GB raid system. It has two disks of each 300GB RAID mirrored system. I have few applications and data that reached around 280GB. As you know, poweredge 1950 we can have only two disk.
They are not mission critical. Hence, I wanted to remove the raid system and use as a non-raid system. By doing it, The applications and data can grow upto 600GB. I do not want to loose the data and setup. I am not so clear about RAID system and its conversion.
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Mar 22, 2010
I have been able to get most of the way through the process of changing from using ext4 back to using ext3, but something is not quite right so my system does not boot properly.
I have a system that was running Karmic Koala 9.10 as a server (no graphical environment). I had two drives using RAID1 with LVM on top, where the logical volumes of oldvg (old volume group) were using mostly ext4. /boot was not part of the RAID: it's on a separate physical drive and uses ext2.
I recently added two more drives and used RAID1 and LVM, and made all lv partitions (/, /usr, /var, /tmp, /opt, /home, /srv) ext3. I used rsync to duplicate the contents onto the logical volumes of newvg (new volume group). I was careful with rsync's option switches, and this part seems to be fine.
I also edited (the new) /etc/fstab and changed the UUIDs of the seven mount points to point to the logical volumes that are part of newvg instead of oldvg, and added new entries to (the new) /boot/grub/menu.lst to refer to newvg in addition to those that I left around to refer to oldvg.
This wasn't sufficient: rebooting here failed, but I went in with a rescue disk, and first updated /boot/grub/device.map to include the new physical drives. I then mounted all the new logical volumes, mounted boot also at its proper place, and entered a chroot of the new system as it should be mounted. Once there, (and after making a backup of /boot) I ran "update-initramfs -k all -c" to rebuild the initrd images that were stored on /boot. Finally, I also edited /etc/mtab so that the two entries that referred to oldvg now refer to newvg instead.
Now, the machine begins to boot from newvg, but the console text includes messages like:
And a bit later,
Now, at this shell if I type mount, I see:
I am actually confused as to why there are only entries for /root and /var in /etc/mtab, actually, instead of entries for all of the main mount points. I am thinking it must be part of the boot staging process, because there are entries for newvg-usr, newvg-tmp, etc. in /etc/fstab.
When I type any of pvdisplay, vgdisplay, or lvdisplay, I get
In fact, even if I run lvm, I get a similar error:
However, if I go back to the rescue cd, pvdisplay, vgdisplay, and lvdisplay do show that all of the partitions from both the old and new volume groups are available.
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May 14, 2010
I can't seem to get past step 6 of he installation of Ubuntu 10.04. I get the error: The ext4 file system creation failed... on single partition (no raid). I chose ' / ' as the mount point, and have tried with and without a swap drive. I'm installing on a Sony VAIO VGN-NS160D, and the HDD was previously formatted to NTFS. There's no other OS so I don't see any way of getting a command line to try a sudo fdisk..
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Jan 27, 2010
I have a friend that want to migrate his server to a open source mail system. Currently, he's using a system using Maildir. So I decided to use qmail since it has support for Maildir and it has pop3 capability. Courier-imap is the one I'll be using for IMAP. My concern is webmail. Can anyone suggest a webmail that will run using Maildir format and has addressbook and calendar feature. I'll be using a single server only. Please exclude Squirrelmail from the list.
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Feb 2, 2009
Im having a hard time trying to change my raid configuration. Here is my situation:
A have two HDs that I configured in instalation time to work as raid squid proxy-cache. they are both 40GB. 40+40=80GB. So, I want to change it to two of 160GB. 160+160=320GB.
I have:
sdc1=40GB
sdd1=40GB
im adding / want:
sda1=160GB
sdb1=160GB
I want to remove the two 40GB and use only the two 160GB for my proxy. The thing is that when I remove the two 40GB, the system crashes at startup telling me that the raid cant be done then file system check fales too. Im wondering if there is a file a have to edit to change to point it to /dev/sda1 intead of /dev/sdc1 for example, so my system would start up looking for sda1(160GB) and sdb1(160GB) intead of sdc1(40GB) and sdd1(40GB).
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Jun 29, 2011
migrate an installed Ubuntu system from a software raid to a hardware raid on the same machine? how would you go about doing so?
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Apr 6, 2010
I have an ntfs partition that I wish to access as a normal user(non-root). For this I did the following. As root I created a folder /windows and did a chmod 777 -R on /windows. Then I added the following line to /etc/fstab
Code:
/dev/sda3 /windows ntfs-3g defaults,nosuid,nodev,umask=000 1 0
Now, the partition is mounted alright but the problem is that when any other user (non-root) creates a files in /windows (say by executing touch newfile) the newly created file has the owner and group set as root. The non-root user can create the file and he can also delete the file, however, he cannot change the permissions of the file and also the owner:group is always set as root:root. How do I get across this problem, i.e. how do I mount a partition, so that a non-root user can also change the permissions and ownerships of the files he creates.
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Jan 7, 2011
I'm planning to add 1tb sata disk to my lovely file-server under ubuntu 10.10,what i want is use this disk as additional storage for network user,indows and ubuntu?I mean when my ubuntu server down (worse case) I can easily take out the disk from ubuntu machine and plug in on windows machine
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May 5, 2011
I have successful upgraded my system from Lenny to Squeeze and have even installed NVIDIA Driver successful, as well as other applications that I need. My system is now running smoothly and okey. My applications are also running smoothly except Skype 2.2 (Debian Forum Guys are currently helping me solve it).
However, I do want to upgrade my file system to ext4 in order to take its advance features and advantages especially that my system is now in WORK HORSE mode. However, I am not confident enough to do it because the guide is limited and does not tackle the issue of a system using ext3 with LVM2 on it.
Therefore, my question is how do I migrate (LIVE) my Ext3 to Ext4 on my system that uses LVM2? A clear and understandable guide is highly appreciated especially that I am newbie on it.
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Aug 10, 2011
We planned to migrate data files in Unix to Linux. The file in Unix is in big endian data format where is linux is configured as little endian byre structure. This is causing problem in data computation.
How data can be ported to linux ( converting big endian to little endian).
How linux configured can be configured for big endian byte structure.
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Dec 12, 2010
I have tried several places for help but I am getting no where...Here is my background.I have spent all weekend to replicate my development server back at home. I have an Apache remote server with 3 IP based virtual hosts pointing to
[URL]
Now I have been able to set up a VM on my desktop, installed the OS, the applications, the db server, apache etc. Everything is looking good so far. So right now I have,
[URL]
So when I go to 192.168.0.111, I go to [URL] so I guess apache is working aswell.What I want to do is, instead of going to [URL] I want to change it to another address such as a.me.add1How can I do this? I am looking through the virtual hosts section, I have changed server name entry etc but its not working.Can you tell me in big picture what I would need to do to set that up? My current set up doesnt really help me much once the site get the www address.tell me if Document Root of IP address 192.168.0.111 points to [URL] will it always resolve into that webaddress. That is if I enter 192.168.0.111 the browser will redirect it to [URL].
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Jun 23, 2011
We have Nagios and Pnp4nagios which saves performance data in hostperfdata and serviceperfdata files.Now we are migrating our system to centreon which will have NDO.
This will save the performance data to Mysql database.The requirement here is to feed current performance data file to NDO mysql database.
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Dec 2, 2009
I have one hard disk for my root partition and a disk array on a separate mount point. I rebuilt my disk array, but I didn't delete my original mount points beforehand because I was hoping it would just "pick up". So now when I boot up, the OS tells me that the filesytem check fails because it can't find the array to map to the mount point. I know that I need to edit my /etc/fstab and remove the line that defines my mount point on the disk array. But it appears to be read only filesystem when I am in repair mode. I can't force the write with vi.
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Jun 12, 2010
I have two 1TB hard drives in a RAID 1 (mirroring) array. I would like to add a third 1TB drive and create a RAID 5 with the 3 drives for a 2TB system. I have ubuntu installed on a separate drive. Is it possible to convert my RAID 1 system to a RAID 5 without losing the data? Is there a better solution?
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Feb 10, 2010
I have sandisk usb and want to get rid of the "U3" partition that's on it, but its a read-only file system. can't chmod to 777 from root
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Jul 20, 2011
I would like to change some files in the file system section.How do i gain access to change the file system?
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Aug 25, 2010
I'm working on a remote Ubuntu 9.10 server, which is accessed via VPN. I installed Joomla, but had difficulty uploading new components, which I traced to a file permissions problem. I used FileZilla to FTP onto the site and tried to make the chmod changes I needed, but the commands kept failing. Eventually, I contacted the sys admin and told him I thought that there was an ownership problem with the directories. He checked and told me that I was logging in with exactly the same user name and password that he was using (it's not a live system currently) and that he could make chmod changes without any problems. Because all my attempts were still failing, he eventually did the following:
chown -R administrator:administrator /var/www
/var/www is where all the Joomla files are stored and Administrator is the user name.Now I find that when I run a chmod command in FileZilla, the server reports that it worked (see below):
Status:Connected
Status:Retrieving directory listing...
Command:CWD /etc
[code].....
However, if I go back and check the tmp folder permissions, I find that they are still set to 777.This still looks like an ownership problem to me, but I don't understand why the server seems to think that the chmod changes are working, when they aren't.
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Oct 2, 2010
When trying to copy files from a local folder into a directory that is a mapping of my QNAP server I get an error message " Read-only file system" - and this only since a couple of days.Trying to change ownership with sudo chown also failed.
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May 16, 2011
I have ntfs partition installed bran new ubuntu system. I have some problem with unrar utf8 character zip files.Then i change my fstab file that uses files in D:ubuntudisks oot.disk and i added with out no fearless Code: ,utf8 and after all now i can't boot my linux system it does not allow me to change anything in fstab file. Although i use as a prefix sudo or as a root "sudo -i" commands I dont have any right to change it.
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May 25, 2011
process of migrating my server to Ubuntu Server 11.04 after my Server 2003 installation suffered a HDD failure. All my data is on an NTFS drive (not ideal but not much I can do about that). I can currently only read the disk as a user. root has ownership of everything on the disk. Whenever I try and change ownership of a file it doesn't bring up any errors but when running ls -l it shows that nothing has actually changed.
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May 23, 2010
I use Markdown to store all of my source documents. Unfortunately, the .md extension maps to application/x-genesis-rom under Ubuntu. I'm not sure why that would be a system default MIME type, but I'd like to change it.
I've tried using:
Code:
gksu assogiate
to modify my file type cache. Unfortunately, even as the SU, I can't modify the entry for this file type. The "Remove" button is inactivated for the entry. (See attachment.)
How can I get rid of this (obsolete?) file association? Alternatively, how can I make my new one (text/x-markdown) take precedence?
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Apr 10, 2011
when I got following some information using fdisk -l,there were some invalid information about system name.I installed file system reiserfs, xfs on sdb6, sdb7.but the system didn't recognizes disk's file system name.
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Apr 23, 2010
I can't write to directories inside my main file system. This is annoying, how to change?
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