Ubuntu Installation :: Configure GRUB For A Union Root Partition (aufs)
Apr 7, 2010
As recommended, I'm creating a new thread for my configuring GRUB problems commented first hereWe are setting up a new version of a custom system, we are migrating to Ubuntu Karmic from another distribution (Slackware). Besides small differences between these systems (most of them from the most recent versions of software used by the latest Ubuntu, such as GRUB 2), it has been decided that the new system will run an union root partition using aufs and tempfs, basically, we are following the steps provided heree install the system to a new hard drive from an already running Ubuntu Karmic system, usingdebootstrap/chroot, we move the disk to another sytem, so we have to correct disk references, we are able to run this system and it behaves correctly the first time it boots, it bypasses the GRUB menu since there are no other systems detected. However, after halting the system and booting it, the GRUB menu appears with a new "recovery" option, we've managed to remove this recovery option usingGRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY=trueBut then, the GRUB menu appears again, this time with only one option to boot: our system installation. But when this GRUB menu appears, it has no default timeout and so it stays forever unless ENTER is pressed to boot into the selected entry.
The main problem is that we are unable to configure GRUB inside the new installation because it always returns this message:grub-probe error cannot find a device for /If we boot the system "normally" (mounting root to a normal partition), we are able to configure GRUB properly, but it does not behave the same when using the union file system as /We are only looking for a way to bypass the GRUB menu and boot our system, do you have any advice on how to properly configure the GRUB menu for our system
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Jul 28, 2010
I want to install grub on the ubuntu root partition because I have another boot loader (boot-us). But when I reach : device for boot loader installation and set the device to the root partition (/dev/sda3) the OK button is not highlighted, I can use the windows partitions but not ubuntu root partition, what goes wrong?
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Oct 24, 2009
Okay on /dev/sda
sda1 is windows xp
sda2 slackware /boot /system files
sda3 slackware swap
sda5 Centos LVM
Now my question is when I install CentOS grub did not automatically setup the slackware partition and I have to configure it manually. This is my grub.conf file
[root@centos ~]# cat /boot/grub/grub.conf
# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE: You have a /boot partition. This means that
# all kernel and initrd paths are relative to /boot/, eg.
# root (hd0,4)
# kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
# initrd /initrd-version.img
# boot=/dev/sda
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,4)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (2.6.18-92.el5)
root (hd0,4)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-92.el5 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 rhgb quiet
initrd /initrd-2.6.18-92.el5.img
title Slackware root (hd0,1)
kernel /vmlinuz-generic-2.6.29.6
title Other
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
chainloader +1
How should I do the slackware in grub?
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Feb 7, 2016
i use a 3rd party boot mgr.i installed jessie over etch on my old computer & only choice i saw for grub was sda & sdb where i wanted to install on sdb9.i tried installing it from my wheezy partition & it did but i ended up with 2 boots to wheezy.so i went back to etch.
my question is how to get grub on sdb9 like it was on etch.is there a trick or did i miss a prompt? on another note, that bug where the format hangs if you try & install over an old system is a little irritating. can't believe it hasn't been fixed.
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May 15, 2010
Because I am using one of the new WD disks I am trying to aling my root partition with the real sectors, as described here:[URL]31So I copied all files to a temp location, deleted my partition (/dev/sda3), recreated it a few cylinders later (same name) and copied the files to the newly created partition. But now when I try to boot, I get my old grub menu but after selecting my kernel version it hangs
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Aug 29, 2011
Howto write Grub into a root partition instead of MBR on Centos 5.6 using CentOS-5.6-i386-LiveCD?
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Jul 22, 2010
First upgrade to 11.3 no problem. Then I got a disk issue. so got an old 80 gig sata drive, config new partition table, format etc. Install perfect as ever.
Then grub failed ....no grub menue.
I changed to MRB boot. this worked but initrd takes a long time and sometime hangs ?!? What could be the issue ? Harddrive?!
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Nov 27, 2010
So I need to become the root user in order to edit a grub file in a seperate partition, so I can get back into this partition. How can I become and stay as root user in the desktop environment? (I know you shouldn't do this, but I need it.)
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Sep 1, 2011
I am interested in running Ubuntu side-by-side with my windows 7. It appears that the Ubuntu 11.04 installer does most of the work for me as partitioning according to:[URL] but the only thing it says that I would be having to do myself is changing the code on my MBR to point to the GRUB2. I am not afraid of command prompts, but would like some hand holding as I don't wwant to guess and check when dealing with MBR.
1. Is there any way to share documents between my Ubuntu partition and Windows partition? Or some way to make it so documents and non OS specific files are accessible by both OSs?
2. Is it recommended to let Ubuntu do the partitioning for me? Or is there something to be gained by partitioning myself?
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Nov 21, 2010
My system set-up is one HDD that is partitioned having two Windows7 bootable partitions, and Ubuntu. I originally had Windows7 and Ubuntu, but I wanted to have another Windows7 OS to keep clean for gaming. Of course, when installing Windows7 it wiped out Grub2. I've reinstalled Grub2, but now I'm having a problem in that when I choose Windows7 in the Grub menu, it directs me to the windows boot manager to choose one of my Windows7 partitions to boot. I'd like to configure Grub so I can choose which Windows7 installation I'd like to boot from there. I've tried added custom scripts to point grub directly at the partition where each installation is located, but it always directs me to the windows boot manager. How can I bypass that?
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Feb 18, 2009
Quote:
Originally Posted by saikee
I don't have a cure for this but the obvious thing to do is to tell the Bios not to change the disk order for the first 2 disks and so the 3rd disk, controlled by PCI-IDE, is in the 3rd position of the booting order if it is added. This way you have the two original systems booting normally and only need to add PCLos to the menu.lst of Ubunu.
.
I found no solution to the earlier GRUB mod. So I'm tryin' now to import the PCLOS loader into the Ubuntu GRUB (with XPPro), but alas, no success thus far.
PCLOS disk is now mapping as hd2. From GRUB cli, I did find /boot/grub/menu.lst. It returned 3 entries: (hd0,0[Ubuntu]), (hd2,0), and (hd2,6).
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Mar 27, 2010
I'm running Karmic Server with GRUB2 on a Dell XPS 420. Everything was running fine until I changed 2 BIOS settings in an attempt to make my Virtual Box guests run faster. I turned on SpeedStep and Virtualization, rebooted, and I was slapped in the face with a grub error 15. I can't, in my wildest dreams, imagine how these two settings could cause a problem for GRUB, but they have. To make matters worse, I've set my server up to use Luks encrypted LVMs on soft-RAID. From what I can gather, it seems my only hope is to reinstall GRUB. So, I've tried to follow the Live CD instructions outlined in the following article (adding the necessary steps to mount my RAID volumes and LVMs). [URL]
If I try mounting the root lvm as 'dev/vg-root' on /mnt and the boot partition as 'dev/md0' on /mnt/boot, when I try to run the command $sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/md0, I get an errors: grub-setup: warn: Attempting to install GRUB to a partition instead of the MBR. This is a BAD idea. grub-setup: error: Embedding is not possible, but this is required when the root device is on a RAID array or LVM volume.
Somewhere in my troubleshooting, I also tried mounting the root lvm as 'dev/mapper/vg-root'. This results in the grub-install error: $sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/md0 Invalid device 'dev/md0'
Obviously, neither case fixes the problem. I've been searching and troubleshooting for several hours this evening, and I must have my system operational by Monday morning. That means if I don't have a solution by pretty early tomorrow morning...I'm screwed. A full rebuild will by my only option.
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Nov 6, 2010
I have been spending time (starting yesterday) reverse-engineering GTK+ to get my programming skills up. I came across a struct in the headers (_GtkArg, which was then typedeffed into GtkArg) that includes a union in it that has pretty much the same properties as a struct. Then, there was a struct inside the union.
I'm confused. Just what is the difference between a union and a struct?
P.S. I am using GTK's native C programming language.
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Feb 24, 2009
What is the use of UNION=() in CREATE TABLE?
Code:
ENGINE=MRG_MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 UNION=();
I have been given some code and could not explain why it's err's out. Checked the mysql 5.0 manual but nothing[URL]. It only explains using UNION in a SELECT statement which I understand. If I drop off UNION=() then CREATE TABLE works fine.
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Apr 27, 2010
I would like to create a 10.04 lucid install on a reiser4 partition, every guide I have seen either only puts a reiser4 directory, or uses grub legacy. These are what the steps I believe I would need to do to accomplish this.
* Partiton my drive with
/(to have ubuntu installed), /(to have ubuntu copied over)
* install kernel source, tools ect... to build a reiser4 enabled kernel
[code]....
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Oct 5, 2010
I installed linux on my system and made a dual boot system with Windows 7. But, I realize that my Windows system demands more hardisk space at this time (I planned to have just linux installation in my laptop after graduation, because some of my academic task still needs Windows platform). So I want to squeeze up my linux partition to be smaller. Currently my partition table is
How do I resize my linux root partition? I don't want to try erasing my linux partition, cos I will start everything over and I just don't have that enough time. And I know it will erase the boot loader, then I have to recover the MBR that is still looking so risky for me.
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Jan 2, 2010
If I try to mount the AUFS filesystem from a nfs and local directory in Ubuntu 9.10 like this:Code: sudo mount -t aufs br=/mnt/nfs=rw:/home/data/local=ro none /mnt/union.I get segmentation fault and my system crashes: Code: comm: file 2 is not in sorted order mount: block device none is write-protected, mounting read-only
Segmentation fault.Am I doing something wrong or is it a bug?
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Jun 5, 2010
i tried to install f13 from live cd and failed. i have 2 questions. i do not understand how to setup partitions according to scottro's message. It says you need small ext3-formatted /boot partion and a ext4-formatted root partition. Does this configuration have to be setup before you boot into the live cd? If so, please tell me how to set this up. my pc is pentium d with 2 hard drives. The master hd is has xp, ubuntu8.04, and swap partitions. I would like to use one-half of the slave drive for f13.
Second question. I would like to be able to verify download of fedora-13-i686.iso. I downloaded it to my xp partition and installed Windows MD5summer. Where or how do i get the md5 file for this iso file?
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Nov 1, 2010
If I boot on a live-CD, then enter in a terminal the following commands:
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda
sudo umount /mnt
..does it install Grub-pc in /dev/sda1 ? even if Grub was already installed in /dev/sda1 ? Furthermore, are the 3 above commands equivalent to the below ones ?
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys[code].....
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Jun 6, 2011
I just updated my server from Ubuntu 8.04 to 10.04 and now it cannot go past grub, at boot time, it would "give up waiting for root device", asking me to check whether I gave the right "root=..." or if I should increase the "rootdelay=..." in the command line argument and end up with the initramfs.
The machine is a Dell Poweredge 2900 with a HW RAID controller (I hope that should not matter, but just in case...). I tried to follow the instructions there to make sure grub is setup correctly, but without any luck.
Below is the output from the bootinfoscript (while running on the LiveCD). Anybody has any idea what can be the problem or what I could do to debug this ? I am running out of ideas.
[Code]...
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May 11, 2010
I would like to dual boot Ubuntu and Windows 7. I have Ubuntu 9.10 Live CD and Windows 7 Pro Live CD. Ubuntu is installed but Windows 7 isn`t. I have gparted installed. I found the following directions within Ubuntu documentation.
Master Boot Record backup and re-replacement
Back-up the existing MBR, install Windows, replace your backup overwriting the Windows boot code:
Create an NTFS partition for windows (using fdisk, GPartEd or whatever tool you are familiar with)
Backup the MBR e.g. dd if=/dev/sda of=/mbr.bin bs=446 count=1
Install windows
Boot into a LiveCD
Mount your root partition in the LiveCD
Restore the MBR e.g. dd if=/media/sda/mbr.bin of=/dev/sda bs=446 count=1
Restart and Ubuntu will boot
Setup grub to boot windows
I don't want to backup the MBR and restore as listed. I would rather use the Ubuntu Live CD to reinstall the GRUB.
How do I overwrite the MBR?
Do I use gparted and change the partition?
Do I create an NTFS partition as listed above?
Or what do I need to otherwise do to boot the Windows 7 Live CD so that it will install?
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May 19, 2010
If you manually partition Ubuntu Linux; how much do you allot to your root directory? If someone installs many games and software, should they use a very large root directory such as 30GB or more?
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Mar 15, 2015
I am running Wheezy as my main OS in the first drive in my desktop. I use the 2nd drive for data. I am trying to add another OS to multiboot. When I ran grub-update in Wheezy, I am getting device letter for the root device instead of UUID in grub.cfg, in the os-prober section. Like this
Code: Select allsearch --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6ee49a8e-a619-49c7-9f66-51a5ca9a48cc
linux /boot/vmlinuz-316-x86_64 root=/dev/sdb3
initrd /boot/initramfs-316-x86_64.img
In the same file, UUID was used for the existing kernels.
Code: Select alllinux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-686-pae root=UUID=c2eecf02-d427-4f2e-9fd0-9db61256cbac ro quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-4-686-pae
How can I get UUID instead of /dev/sdb3 for the 2nd OS?
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May 25, 2010
Just installed 10.04, loving the new theme and default background. My problem is that Grub won't detect my Win 7 boot. I installed it the way i normally do, seemed to work for the last few times. I put in my Windows recovery disc to try and fix the MBR but that failed as the disc wont even see my Win 7 install. I have included my boot info script file.
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Aug 29, 2010
I've installed aufs in order to seemlessly union two filesystems over /usr. One branch is the plain old, existing /usr directory; it's not mounted from a separate filesystem or anything. The other is a /usr on a microsd card. This is what I've added to /etc/fstab:
#the microsd mounted on /aufs/internal_microsd
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /aufs/internal_microsd/ ext2 defaults,noatime 0 0
#the aufs /usr union
[code]...
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Aug 26, 2009
I currently have a clean installation of Windows on the Primary drive (13gbs) and I want to install Fedora 11 on the other (7gbs). Should I install grub on the Windows hard drive or will Windows hate on me for that? Earlier I tried installing grub on the slave with the Fedora system, but I had trouble configuring Grub in a way that it would understand and I ended up messing up the MBRs of both hard drives.
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Sep 1, 2011
The problem after couple installations (10.10 --> 10.04 --> 10.10 --> 10.04-3) is that system goes to "busybox" after complaining about missing root device. I already have come to conclusion that this problem could be solved by telling the system that the root device is at sda1. However, I'm not able to start grub (by pressing "ESC") at boot before problems start. I'm able to start live-cd and I tried to install "over" the old one (same partitions without format, same username). No luck.
And in the busybox /proc/modules is empty for example. And the grub has worked with previous installations.
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Feb 25, 2010
I want to install from scratch or change a current system, which ever works best to have the following partitions: I have a 160GB HD and want a 50GB root partition 3 GB swap and the rest for home. When i go throught the guided partitioning process the largest i can get is 8GB. The root partition is the bootable partition correct?
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Jul 21, 2010
After I installed Linux OS(for example:SuSE10,redhat5),the [root] parmeter of [kernel] in created grub.conf seems that sometimes it's defined to device name.sometimes it's defined to Label or sometimes UUID. So ,I want to know what is that relative to? Hard disk type or OS version or both?
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Sep 12, 2010
I resized a partition and now I boot directly into GNU grub rescue
Code:
sh:grub:>
if I type
Code:
sh:grub> linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-22-generic
sh:grub> initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-22.generic
sh:grub> boot
I have the following messages :
Code:
Gave up waiting for root device. Common problems:
- Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline)
- Check rootdelay= (did the system wait long enough?)
- Check root= (did the system wait for the right device?)
- Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev)
ALERT! does not exist. Dropping to a shell!
[code]....
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