Ubuntu Installation :: Sudo Grub-install --root-directory ?
Nov 1, 2010
If I boot on a live-CD, then enter in a terminal the following commands:
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda
sudo umount /mnt
..does it install Grub-pc in /dev/sda1 ? even if Grub was already installed in /dev/sda1 ? Furthermore, are the 3 above commands equivalent to the below ones ?
sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys[code].....
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Mar 1, 2011
I installed 10.04 (clean install) on a 250G drive (partitioned to 107G for the system files). It was working fine, until I wanted to install Window$ for the use of Adobe stuff. I popped the Windows XP disc in, it loaded its files, then I tried to choose a partition for installation. There was an error saying that I can't do that, and needed to delete a partition blah blah. I thought it was too much trouble, so I quit and just wanted to use my 10.04. Booted, and it says "Error booting operating system" I WAS SHOCKED.
I tried to install grub (but don't need that right? I DO NOT want to dual boot now), but the usual method ( the sudo grub; root (hd0.0)...) doesn't work ,because something like "stage1" is missing. I tried many methods by still the same error. The reason I do not want a clean install is that I did many fixes on my 10.04 so that it would work with my EeePC 1001pxd, and I do not want to go through that again. I will be checking my email frequently on other computers if I have a chance.
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Aug 10, 2011
Accidentally I changed the ownership of all the directories under / to my own instead of root:root. Now I am unable to use sudo and many bad things are happening. Is there a way to revert the changes or change the permissions again to root:root or make sudo work ?
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Sep 1, 2010
I upgraded from Super Ubuntu 2008.11 to Ubuntu 10.04.1 online ( my mistake ). Now I can boot into Ubuntu 10.04 with 2 kernel options and a failsafe. However I can only boot as a user ( rejean ) and not as su or sudo. My other problem is that I don't have a gui. I would like to do a Code:sudo dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorgbut there is no password that works.What should I do?
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Jan 6, 2011
Kernel 2.6.21.5, Slackware 12.0
Code:
Code:
On the other hand
Code:
So, I do not understand why the notification "sudo: cd: command not found", considering cd is a bash built-in command.
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May 3, 2011
Previously on 10.10 "sudo update-grub" took 2-3 seconds.
I upgraded to 11.04 and it now takes 10 - 15 minutes.
Is unity generally much slower than GNOME?
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Jul 25, 2011
can't cd to root acount /home in terminal - sudo cd /root fails?
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Apr 9, 2010
I was trying to edit a file requiring root permissions, so I used sudo. I typed the root password and it failed. This happened three times, and the process was ended. I then logged in as root (su) and was able to navigate to the file and make changes as root. Am I missing something? How would I edit the sudoers file such that this password would work? Or is there another way to log in to the sudo group to make these changes? How do I set sudo passwords?
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May 19, 2011
Installing ajaxplorer on ubuntu 10.0.4. I am new to linux. Cannot find the html root directory where installation files to be put. How to create a symbolic link from it's home (root where ajaxplorer files unzipped) to a place where the web front-end is visible and available to the HTTP server.
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Nov 25, 2010
I'm trying to install phpMyAdmin on my Ubuntu 10.10 server. I type the following command (I don't use "sudo" because I'm logged in as root, I know its not safe):
Quote: apt-get install phpmyadmin and go through the installation. I allow the installation to configure the database, and I chose the correct server (Apache2), when it asks for passwords, I use the same password that I use for the rest of the server (i.e. it is the account password for root, sudo, and my account). Once the installation is complete, I try and access it from a computer on the same network. I type "http://***.***.*.*/phpmyadmin" and I get the message saying the directory isn't there. I go into Webmin to confirm that the directory isn't there, and it isn't.
My questions are (1) Why isn't the phpmyadmin directory in my Apache Server root? (2) Is it installed with apt-get, if so, where? (3) How do I know what server I selected for it to install to? (4) What do I need to do to get it to install correctly?
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Mar 27, 2010
I'm running Karmic Server with GRUB2 on a Dell XPS 420. Everything was running fine until I changed 2 BIOS settings in an attempt to make my Virtual Box guests run faster. I turned on SpeedStep and Virtualization, rebooted, and I was slapped in the face with a grub error 15. I can't, in my wildest dreams, imagine how these two settings could cause a problem for GRUB, but they have. To make matters worse, I've set my server up to use Luks encrypted LVMs on soft-RAID. From what I can gather, it seems my only hope is to reinstall GRUB. So, I've tried to follow the Live CD instructions outlined in the following article (adding the necessary steps to mount my RAID volumes and LVMs). [URL]
If I try mounting the root lvm as 'dev/vg-root' on /mnt and the boot partition as 'dev/md0' on /mnt/boot, when I try to run the command $sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/md0, I get an errors: grub-setup: warn: Attempting to install GRUB to a partition instead of the MBR. This is a BAD idea. grub-setup: error: Embedding is not possible, but this is required when the root device is on a RAID array or LVM volume.
Somewhere in my troubleshooting, I also tried mounting the root lvm as 'dev/mapper/vg-root'. This results in the grub-install error: $sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/md0 Invalid device 'dev/md0'
Obviously, neither case fixes the problem. I've been searching and troubleshooting for several hours this evening, and I must have my system operational by Monday morning. That means if I don't have a solution by pretty early tomorrow morning...I'm screwed. A full rebuild will by my only option.
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May 17, 2011
I was dual booting Ubuntu and Windows, had to reinstall Windows, it wiped out grub, need to reinstall it now. Was following this: [URL]
Trying to reinstall grub with:
Code:
sudo grub-install --root-directory=/media/d566e91e-941f-4433-8dea-05d3bffb5669 /dev/sda6
Gives me the following error:
Code:
/usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Attempting to install GRUB to a partition instead of the MBR. This is a BAD idea..
/usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Embedding is not possible. GRUB can only be installed in this setup by using blocklists. However, blocklists are unreliable and their use is discouraged..
/usr/sbin/grub-setup: error: if you really want blocklists, use --force.
*edit more info* Ubuntu is installed on /dev/sda6 on a 50GB partition.
Code:
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 26 56830 456280064 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 * 56830 56843 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 56843 70981 113561600 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda4 70981 77826 54979585 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 77096 77826 5859328 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda6 70981 77096 49120256 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order So, I didn't want to do anything and screw things up. I want to boot with grub and not MBR. What should I do?
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Jun 1, 2011
In a fresh install of 11.4 I see a file named "1" (the number "One") in the / (root) directory.
Code:
vodoo@host:/> ls -l 1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 31 11:29 1
Who creates this file and what is it good for?
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May 17, 2010
Im trying to install topolight in my slackare 13 virtual box, I downloaded the tar file and when I try and decompress it doesnt decompress root@me:/home/Italy# tar -xzf typolight-2.8.3.tar.gz and how do I get to my toplolight root directory than.
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May 19, 2010
If you manually partition Ubuntu Linux; how much do you allot to your root directory? If someone installs many games and software, should they use a very large root directory such as 30GB or more?
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Aug 8, 2010
Ubuntu(10.04) was working fine, then some program crashed or something, and I just switched off (power offed) the computer. When I restarted it, this sort of stuff comes:
Code:
mount /dev on /root/dev failed : No such file or directory
and some more lines like that, and then 'Busybox' starts with [intramfs].I booted Ubuntu from a pen drive and ran fsck on the main partition. I just pressed 'y' for a long time (it asks stuff like should it continue repairing or something), and then it was done. I restarted the pc and it booted normally - it looked as if everything was fine.I started google chrome, and it said it couldn't find a personal config file .. ok. Then I tried opening a folder - nothing happens. The system monitor doesn't open, and windows that do open eventually are completely blank. I restarted the pc (this time by doing the normal restart), and it gave me the same 'Busybox' thing.I did the same procedure again, and got the same results. (ubuntu boots, programs dont work, then I restart and the Busybox thing comes again)One More Thing : The Ubuntu installed on the hard disk had all the recent updates (including the latest linux kernel) while the pen drive thing was around 2 months old I think. So maybe that's the cause?
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Feb 16, 2011
maybe everything changed while i was stuck in 10.3 but i noticed soonafter install, and am just getting around to asking:i find these directories in the system's root directory very surprising:
/.config (with one file inside Trolltech.conf, which is empty)
/.kde4
/.kde4/share (empty)
[code]....
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Feb 20, 2010
I updated my lucid alpha testing (64 bit)install after which I am unable to boot into any of my Ubuntu installs(sda11 has a dedicated Burg partition and sda10 has the stable karmic (32 bit)install and sda9 has the testing lucid install) Now I am trying to recover (rewrite Burg or at least grub2 on the MBR) my installs
This is what happens
custom@custom:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda10 /mnt
custom@custom:~$ sudo mount -o bind /dev /mnt/dev
custom@custom:~$ chroot/mnt
[code]....
i tried a slightly different code with little success
custom@custom:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda10 /mnt
mount: /dev/sda10 already mounted or /mnt busy
mount: according to mtab, /dev/sda10 is already mounted on /mnt
[code]....
I also ran a whereis for bash and it also is there
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Feb 22, 2010
I keep getting this error during the XP and Linux Ubuntu 9.10 dual boot installation. I have tried many things. Here is the current status of the installation: I have used wubi.exe to install the contents onto the drive. I did not install it onto my windows C: Drive because my Dad does not want to mess with it anymore. We have accidentally blown up Windows Twice trying to dual boot already. So we have another drive in our computer that we have it installed on so we don't mess with Windows. Ok so every time I boot up the computer it goes to the dual boot menu i choose Ubuntu and it tries to finish the installation. Whenever i get to the part where it says "Setting up Partitioner"(Or something like that.), a pop-up appears that says "No root directory is specified. Please correct this from the partitioning menu."
I am pretty sure that the installer is supposed to make the partitions for you. It is impossible to close out the pop-up so i had to hard boot the computer. Then i went into the Linux Ubuntu Demo Mode. I used GPartEd to create the partitions manually. I came across the problem that there were too many partitions on the drive becuase we had some other partitions that we needed on that drive so I had to create an Extended Partition to house the Linux Partitions (For more information on my partition setup, see the bottom of the post.). While still in the Linux Demo I had clicked on the "Install Ubuntu" icon. I got through the first 3 steps (The steps where it askes for Language, location, etc.) After that it went to some setup partitions menu but nothing was on it so i clicked on "Forward" and it said "No root directory is specified. Please correct this from the partitioning menu." That is as far as I am right now.
[Code]...
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Feb 21, 2011
since running update manager on my daughters net running 10.04 netbook on boot up I get the following on the screen
mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory
mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory
mount: mounting /proc on /root/proc failed: No such file or directory
Target filesystem doesn�t have /sbin/init.
[code]....
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May 14, 2011
Doesn't seem to matter which version, every time I try to install Software raid on an Ubuntu server system, it blows up with this error. Seems I've had trouble for several versions.
Code:
mount: mounting /dev/disk/by-uuid/f35415ee-4c14-4eb1-995f-f19fbcd760c7 on /root
failed: Invalid argument
mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory
mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory
[code]...
I've done it on Centos Fine, and followed the many different instructions I've seen for Ubuntu. The only luck I've had was with bios raid, but I would much rather let Mdadm handle things.
My build:
ubuntu-10.04.2-server-amd64 CD install
AMD 1055T 6Core
4GB ram
Asus M4A88TD-MUSB3
[code]...
I install both as letting Ubuntu decide partitions for one drive, do the same for the other, and create a raid, and do them from scratch. No dice, same problem. I've tried that one as logical and as primary too. No difference. Something just doesn't like booting from a raid 1 Mirror. I've tried installing grub on both HDDs (sda1 + sdb1)I've tried several CDs, burned from several machines. Re-downloaded from Torrent and from the website. The DVD drives work since I purchased new DVD drives for both one workstation and the server. Things install fine under CentOS, software raid comes up.
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May 9, 2010
My current situation is I have two physical hard disks, one with Windows 7 (sda) and another where I recently installed Ubuntu 9.1 (sdb). At this time there were no issues.
Now after getting used to 9.1 I selected to upgrade to 10.04 from the update manager. During this install I was told I needed to upgrade GRUB which I understand is the bootloader and was told to choose where to install it.Now at this time I had no knowledge of drive naming conventions in Linux and there was no option to cancel the upgrade to look for help, so instead I followed the advice in the help box to simply select every device listed
The result was a fully working Ubuntu installation but at the cost of an unbootable Windows 7.Windows is showing on the GRUB menu but selecting it gives only a blank screen with a flashing cursor and no ability to do anything besides ctrl-alt-delete.
After a few hours of googling solutions including downgrading GRUB, there was no change and it seems that I actually have a version of GRUB on both drives. The one on the windows drive (sda) is the default loaded GRUB that shows Windows 7 but cannot boot it. The second GRUB install on the Ubuntu drive (sdb) is the one I am able to configure through Ubuntu but does not list Windows 7 on its boot list even after using "sudo update-grub"
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Apr 27, 2010
I would like to create a 10.04 lucid install on a reiser4 partition, every guide I have seen either only puts a reiser4 directory, or uses grub legacy. These are what the steps I believe I would need to do to accomplish this.
* Partiton my drive with
/(to have ubuntu installed), /(to have ubuntu copied over)
* install kernel source, tools ect... to build a reiser4 enabled kernel
[code]....
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Feb 12, 2010
since ms dos wasn't meant to be booted from cd (it was used from floppy) and i have tried buring the contents of every ms dos floppy to a cd and no dice i am guessing that it needs a bootloader so i can boot up the setup wizard
before anyone suggests that this thread has nothing to do with linux i will just point out that this thread is asking about grub and that is a linux catagorie
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Jul 19, 2010
Yesterday I've updated my system from 11.2 to 11.3, fllowing the guide at SDB:System upgrade - openSUSE . Everything went fine (except an error during the installation of batik) but after reboot I got a grub error:
And I couldn't boot
After a CD boot, because I didn't want to try the OpenSUSE 11.2 entry, I saw that the entry for OpenSUSE 11.3 was wrong, see below the entries for 11.3 and 11.2:
Code:
And of course it worked and my updated system works fine
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Jul 22, 2010
First upgrade to 11.3 no problem. Then I got a disk issue. so got an old 80 gig sata drive, config new partition table, format etc. Install perfect as ever.
Then grub failed ....no grub menue.
I changed to MRB boot. this worked but initrd takes a long time and sometime hangs ?!? What could be the issue ? Harddrive?!
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Oct 26, 2010
I no longer have access to my root desktop. On a session I attempted to change the root username but i apparently assigned it a wrong directory that does not exist. When I rebooted with my new root username, i was instead recognised as a simple user (no root privileges). I tried the console to change to "old" root but root password is not accepted and there is no way to access to sudoer files. it seems that inserting a new username requires root privileges and i am back to square one. Simply logging with old root username and password after restart gives me a blank screen with nothing on it and cannot even reboot.
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Feb 1, 2011
1. yum install vsftpd
2. service vsftpd start [ok]
3. nmap from outside verifies tcp 21 is open for business
4. ftp myipaddress.com results in login failed for user root.
I want to login as root and have access to '/' as my home directory. What do I have to do to get this to work?
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Jun 6, 2011
I just updated my server from Ubuntu 8.04 to 10.04 and now it cannot go past grub, at boot time, it would "give up waiting for root device", asking me to check whether I gave the right "root=..." or if I should increase the "rootdelay=..." in the command line argument and end up with the initramfs.
The machine is a Dell Poweredge 2900 with a HW RAID controller (I hope that should not matter, but just in case...). I tried to follow the instructions there to make sure grub is setup correctly, but without any luck.
Below is the output from the bootinfoscript (while running on the LiveCD). Anybody has any idea what can be the problem or what I could do to debug this ? I am running out of ideas.
[Code]...
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Mar 15, 2015
I am running Wheezy as my main OS in the first drive in my desktop. I use the 2nd drive for data. I am trying to add another OS to multiboot. When I ran grub-update in Wheezy, I am getting device letter for the root device instead of UUID in grub.cfg, in the os-prober section. Like this
Code: Select allsearch --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6ee49a8e-a619-49c7-9f66-51a5ca9a48cc
linux /boot/vmlinuz-316-x86_64 root=/dev/sdb3
initrd /boot/initramfs-316-x86_64.img
In the same file, UUID was used for the existing kernels.
Code: Select alllinux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-686-pae root=UUID=c2eecf02-d427-4f2e-9fd0-9db61256cbac ro quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-4-686-pae
How can I get UUID instead of /dev/sdb3 for the 2nd OS?
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