Programming :: Languages To Learn For Dynamic Website Design?

So a friend and I are new-ish to linux (I am reasonably comfortable with basic /etc text editing, command admin). We are, however, completely new to programming and (x)html. We have a few (what we think are) interesting ideas for dynamic websites.Ideally we would like to develop our own course of study to get to the point where we have a basic understanding of programming so that our adventures in the programming of a dynamic website would be possible. Much of what we need learn to do is the following: use daily updated public-domain data from several other sites, manipulate that data algorithmically, which would then yield updating output on our site. Here is what I would like to do:

1. learn the basics of programming with a language that would teach good code habits and fundamental understanding.
2. become comfortable with (x)html
3. learn another language for the extension of (x)html into a dynamic data-heavy website.

Question could you please suggest a way about going about 1>2>3?Ideally the language of (1) would be something that would not be "wasted" just on web design etc. As a language, C really appeals to me. However, if learning this wouldn't lend itself to being helpful in learning another language for webdesign maybe I shouldn't use it(?).If (1) weren't to be C, what language would be funadmental enough to teach good coding but also be helpful in learning (3)