General :: Unmounted Filesystems Accidentally
Jul 5, 2011I accidentally unmounted filesystems using umount -a command.How to recover from this.
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General :: OS Overwrite Unmounted Data?
Feb 22, 2011I have a Debian OS installed (6.0), installed on a single partition, which was running out of space. So I copied all the data in /home to a spare partition, then edited fstab to mount this new partition as /home.
This works fine. But now of course I have the /home data both on the new partition (the one that is now being mounted and used), and also still on the original partition, though this directory is no longer mounted by the OS, so I can't directly 'get at' the data to delete it.
I could easily get into the partition from another OS and delete the unneeded /home data of course but I was just wondering; as this data is no longer 'seen' by the OS, will it be overwritten automatically by the OS when it needs more space, as it does with data that has been deleted from the filesystem, or would it be reserved somehow, still using up space?
General :: E2fsck And Unmounted A Volume
Jul 20, 2010I have two volumes, both with 800GB total used on them. lets call them /vol1 and /vol2. /vol2 is just a cron'd rsync'd copy of a folder on /vol1 which is a live share for many users.If I temporarily suspend the cronjob doing the rsync's from /vol1 to /vol2, is it safe to unmount and e2fsck /vol2, then remount it somehow?
Both /vol1 and /vol2 say the filesystem state is not clean when i do a tune2fs -l on them both. According to tune2fs both will check themselves upon restart, but if I can do /vol2 since it isn't the live data beforehand, that will cut my downtime in half the next time i restart the server.But I also wonder that if I can do this, then i remount /vol2, will the "not clean"-ness of /vol1 just be rsync'd back over to /vol2 the next time the rsync runs?
General :: See All The Drives On System Both Mounted And Unmounted?
Jul 22, 2011How can I see all the physical hard drives on my Ubuntu system — regardless of whether they're mounted — as well as their partition info, sizes, &c.? I have three physical drives, but only one seems to be mounted. I'd like to mount the other ones too, as I have some data on them.
View 1 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: Unmounted (and Unwanted) Partitions Show Up In Nautilus
Jul 15, 2011I have been setting up my laptop as a dual boot with Win7 (yuckkk!) and Ubunutu 11.04. My HP Pavilion dm4 came with 4 primary partitions used by Windows! (Again, yuckkk!) I got rid of Windows_recover partition (I don't remember the exact name) converted that primary partition to an extended partition and then installed Ubuntu in virtual partitions. All that works.What I don't like is that the partition HP_TOOLS shows up in Nautilus, and if you click on it, it self-mounts and makes that partition accessible.
View 8 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: How To Prevent Access To Unmounted Mount Point?
Jan 10, 2010I'm using some software that using mount point such as truecrypt. I also mount shared folder on other machine (fileserver) and publish it using ftp. The problem is when the truecrypt volume dismounted or the shared folder mount point loosing connection to the fileserver, user can write to the mount point without knowing that they actually not writing to the truecrypt volume or to the shared folder.
My question is, when sometime the server reboot and truecrypt volume is not mounted yet, how to prevent write to the mount point? I dont run truecrypt mount automatically for security reason.Some question for shared folder, if fileserver restart and the shared folder mount point got disconnected, how to prevent write to the mount point?
General :: Locate Superblocks In An Unmounted Disk Image File?
Feb 7, 2010I know there are many threads about recovering damaged superblocks. I've spent 3 evenings reading them and trying what they suggest. Invariably the commands do nothing except to report bad or missing superblocks. I've removed the physical disk from the machine and am working with a dd image file (/mnt/image). I can mount what used to be hdc1 and read its files with no problem. I'm trying to recover partions hdc6 and hdc7.$ mmls /mnt/image -b
DOS Partition Table
Offset Sector: 0
Units are in 512-byte sectors
[code]....
General :: Remove Kernel Lock From Unmounted Mass Storage USB Device
Jun 3, 2010I've searched high and low, and can't figure this one out. I have a older Olympus Camera (2001 or so). When I plug in the USB connection, I get the following log output:
$ dmesg | grep sd
[20047.625076] sd 21:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg7 type 0
[20047.627922] sd 21:0:0:0: [sdg] Attached SCSI removable disk
Secondly, the drive is not mounted in the FS, but when I run gphoto2 I get the following error:
$ gphoto2 --list-config
*** Error ***
An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use.
*** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') ***
What command will unmount the drive. For example in Nautilus, I can right click and select "Safely Remove Device". After doing that, the /dev/sg7 and /dev/sdg devices are removed.
The output of gphoto2 is then:
# gphoto2 --list-config
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/resolution
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/shutter
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/aperture
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/color
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/flash
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/whitebalance
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-mode
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/focus-pos
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/exp-meter
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/zoom
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/dzoom
/Camera Configuration/Picture Settings/iso
/Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/date-time
/Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-mode
/Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-brightness
/Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/lcd-auto-shutoff
/Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/camera-power-save
/Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/host-power-save
/Camera Configuration/Camera Settings/timefmt
Some things I've tried already are sdparm and sg3_utils, however I am unfamiliar with them, so it's possible I just didn't find the right command.
# mount | grep sdg
# mount | grep sg7
# umount /dev/sg7
umount: /dev/sg7: not mounted
# umount /dev/sdg
umount: /dev/sdg: not mounted
# gphoto2 --list-config
*** Error ***
An error occurred in the io-library ('Could not lock the device'): Camera is already in use.
*** Error (-60: 'Could not lock the device') ***
General :: Filesystems On Dev Directory?
Dec 25, 2010I want to know what file system there are for "/dev" directory??apparently different types was developed for managing devices on Linux.because I am a little confused about all file system on this directory.Another question is,which is file system sufficient for managing devices on Embedded Linux ?of course on our embedded system we do not have many pluggable device,so this directory can be static
View 2 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: Restore A Backup On Different Filesystems?
Sep 30, 2010I'm now using Ubuntu 10.04 with ext4 and for the second time in my life I experienced data loss (not for real: I got backups) and I'm assuming problems with the recent ext4 fs.
I want to restore all of my configurations (/etc and the like), data and home on reiserFS: is this possible? What to do in order to accomplish that?
General :: Finding Alternative Filesystems For SSD?
Feb 14, 2011I am tired of watching fsck check my filesystem when my eeepc 901 shuts down abruptly due to a crash. I know that with a journaling filesystem, I won't have to wait for a check. However, I am well aware of the poor I/O performance of the SSD, so I can imagine using a journaling filesystem being even more frustrating, since there will be constant writes to the journal? I will buy a new laptop without such a crummy ssd someday but, is there anything I can do now, on the software side of things?
View 3 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: Rsync 8 Different Filesystems Into One New Filesystem?
Dec 27, 2010I need to combine 6 different filesystems into one filesystem using rsync. I am so confused as to which parameters I need to use. The 6 fileystems are:
/mnt/tkpkgc1a/vol/mn_pkg_08_02/
/mnt/tkpkgc1a/vol/mn_pkg_08_01/
/mnt/tkpkgc1a/vol/mn_pkg_06_09/
[code]....
General :: Filesystems - Changing Device Names In /dev
Apr 25, 2011I have many disks and volumes in my system. Some of disks IDE, some SATA.
Volumes on SATA disks cause me problems - I have them listed in etc/fstab, but on every boot, they have different name:
/dev/sdd* becomes /dev/sdb*
/dev/sde* becomes /dev/sdc*
etc. on every boot.
1) Why is this happening?
2) How can I prevent it?
3) If I can't, is there a workaround?
Ubuntu :: Get The 'General Error Mounting Filesystems?
Aug 29, 2010When I try to start up 9.10 I can get past GRUB but not fsck. A file check will be started but no progress will be made and finally I get the 'General error mounting filesystems'.Trying in recovery mode I get this just before the fsck check
Quote:
fsck from util-linux-ng 2.16
[8.016378] ACPI: I/O resource piix4_smbs [0xb00-0xb07] conflicts with ACPI region SOR 1 [0x0b00-0xb0f]
/dev/sda1 goes fine
Quote:
/dev/sda3 has been mounted 34 times without being checked, check forced
mountall: canceled
[Code]...
This seems to be slightly different than the other threads I've seen discussing this issue. It just all of a sudden happened, I didn't upgrade anything or have any crashes immediately prior.
General :: Fsck And Manually Mounted Filesystems?
Nov 12, 2010I want the filesystem of my external drive to be checked periodically after a numer of mounts. I put 2 in the sixth colums of fstab for this partition
Code:
/dev/sdb1/mnt/hdext3rw,dev,sync,user,noauto,exec,suid02
and I use the tune2fs to set the maximum mount count to 32.
Code:
tune2fs -c 32 /dev/sdb
now the mount count is 34 and the date of the last check is not recent, so apparently the auto fsck has not been performed. Probably because this partition is not mounted at start-up but I usually mount it manually.
General :: List Filesystems That Are Using LVM Logical Volumes?
Jun 23, 2011I've read the first 40% of the RHEL 5 Logical Volume Manager Administrator's Guide, but still have one outstanding, burning question.
During the installation of Centos 5.6, I set up LVM physical volumes, volume groups and logical volumes. I can list these using pvdisplay, vgdisplay and lvdisplay commands.
How would I list what filesystems I have that are using my logical volumes?
General :: Installing Additional Filesystems In RHEL?
Jul 12, 2011We are about to install some RHEL5 servers for DB and web and Application servers. I've been asked to test which file systems of the following work better for disk I/O.EXT3 EXT4 JFS BtrFS and any other ones that I can find that work under RHEL the out-of-box install I have done allows me to format my volumes with EXT2/3 but not ext4 or any others. Is it possible to "install" other filesystems for use, if so how?
View 4 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: Filesystems - Software RAID 1 Without Metadata On The Drives?
Mar 30, 2011I know I can simply create a degraded raid array and copy the data to the other drive like this: mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 missing /dev/sdb1
But I want the specific disk to keep the raw ext3 filesystem so I can still use it from FreeBSD. When using the command above the disk will be a raid disk and I can't do a mount /dev/sdb1 anymore. A little background info. The drives in question are used as backup drives for a couple of Linux and FreeBSD servers. I am using the Ext3 filesystem to make sure I can quickly recover the data since both FreeBSD and Linux can read from that without problems. If someone has a different solution for that (2 drives in raid 1 that are readable by FreeBSD and writeable by Linux),
General :: Filesystems - File System For Removable Storage?
Apr 7, 2011I have a 500GB external drive I want to use on a couple of Linux systems, and looking for a filesystem for it. External drives are frequently formatted in FAT32, but I don't need to interoperate with Windows and would rather avoid the ugly limited kludge that is FAT.
Since I only need to use it on Linux, I would use ext4 or XFS, but they store ownership information. Ideally, I'd use a proper Unix file system that doesn't track ownership (files are owned by whoever mounts the device, like they are when mounting a FAT32 partition), but I do not know of any file system that does that.What would be a good file system for this disk?
General :: Filesystems - How To Find Which Process Had Created Any File
May 16, 2011Is there any way to know which process had created any file in Linux Red Hat/CentOS 5?
View 2 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: Filesystems - Totally Clear The Filesytem's Cache?
Aug 4, 2011In a performance test, I want to bypass the influence of cache of linux system (including page cache/inode cache and so on). I have tried O_DIRECT flag, but it's turned out that direct I/O is still "enjoy" the effect of some cache.Is there a thorough way to close the effect of system cache?
View 2 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: Filesystems - Mirror A Directory And Back Up All Metadata?
Aug 20, 2011I need to backup my home folder (and a few other folders) on an organizational Linux NFS system where my account will be expiring soon, onto a personal hard drive (which is not using a Linux filesystem). I access the account through SSH and SFTP. I want to backup all metadata for these files and directories and everything in them, including dates, owners, groups, UID/GID numbers, CHMOD permissions, etc. How can I go about doing this? Do I need to run the LS command recursively on the directory with certain settings of what information to display, and pipe the results to a file so that the information will be in a file regardless of which filesystem I move it to? Or is there a way to save all the metadata using something like TAR/GZ? If it's with TAR/GZ, then how do I view this metadata on other filesystems that I move the archive to, and will the users/groups stored remain intact as long as it's not extracted?
In addition, do you know how to do this for SELinux metadata and AFS (Andrew File System) metadata too? (These will be for another filesystem later on, but if don't know the answer to either of these, please still answer the above.)
General :: Filesystems - Write Files To HFS+ Drive From System?
Aug 22, 2011Is it possible to write/edit files on HFS+ drive from Linux? Yes I need to disable journaling but how can I disable journaling from Linux? I dont have access to mac.
Or any tool available for doing this?
General :: Filesystems - Format Does A Partition Have To Be In Order To Boot Off Of It?
Sep 19, 2011I am using disk utility to partition an external hard disk. My intention is to boot linux off of the partition. However, I am unsure of which format to make the partition. Disk Utility in OS X only allows Mac OS X Journaled, Mac OS X, FAT, exFAT, and free space. Which one should I use?
View 2 Replies View RelatedGeneral :: Root File System Partitioning - Filesystems ?
Feb 12, 2010I've been using *Unix systems for many years now, and I've always been led to believe that its best to partition certain dirs into separate FileSystems, off the main root FS.
For instance, /tmp /var /usr etc
Leaving as little as possible on the main / system.
Its so that you don't fill up the root system be accident, by some user putting in too bigger files in /tmp, for example.
I would presume that filling the / system would not be too good for Linux, as it would not be able to write logs and possibly other things that it needs to.
I believe that if root gets full, then there is something like a 5% amount saved for just 'root' to write to, so that it can do its stuff.
However, eventually, / will become full, and writes will fail.
On top of this, certain scripting tools, such as awk, use the /tmp/ system to store temp files in, and awk wont be able to write to /tmp/ as its full, so awk will fail.
However, I'm being advised that there is no need to put /tmp /var etc onto separate FSs, as there is no problem nowerdays with / filling up. So, /tmp /var /usr are all on the root FS.
I'm talking about large systems, with TBs of data (which is on a separate FS), and with a user populations of around 800-1000 users, and 24/7 system access.
General :: Filesystems - Convert A Disk Image Into A Sparse File?
Jul 31, 2010I have a bunch of disk images, made with ddrescue, on an EXT partition, and I want to reduce their size without losing data, while still being mountable. How can I fill the empty space in the image's filesystem with zeros, and then convert the file into a sparse file so this empty space is not actually stored on disk?
For example:
> du -s --si --apparent-size Jimage.image
120G Jimage.image
> du -s --si Jimage.image
121G Jimage.image
This actually only has 50G of real data on it, though, so the second measurement should be much smaller.
This supposedly will fill empty space with zeros: cat /dev/zero > zero.file rm zero.file But if sparse files are handled transparently, it might actually create a sparse file without writing anything to the virtual disk, ironically preventing me from turning the virtual disk image into a sparse file itself. :) Does it? Note: For some reason, sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=./zero.file works when cat does not on a mounted disk image.
General :: Filesystems - Best File-systems / Mount-configuration For Each Folder On GNU?
Apr 10, 2011One of the good points of linux is that is easy to customize the partitioning scheme of the disk and put each directory (/home, /var, etc) in diferent partitions and/or diferent disk. Then we can use diferen file system/configurations for each of them for make them better. xamples:
noatime is a mount option to not write access time on the files. data=writeback is an option to layz write metadata on new files. ext3/4 has journaling that make the partition more secure in case of a crash. bigger blocks make the partition waste more space, but make it faster to read and may become more fragmented. (not sure) Then: What are the best filesystem/configurations for each directory? Note: given the answer of Patches, will only discuss /, /home and /var only.
/var -> It's modified constantly, it write logs, cache, temporal, etc.
/home -> stores important files.
/-> stores everything else (/etc and /usr should be here)
General :: Confirm That Two Filesystems Are Identical Ignoring Special Files
Jun 15, 2011/media/A and /media/B should be identical, but I want to confirm before deleting one.
Duplicate file finders don't work, because they'll find two copies of the same file within B, for instance. I only want to confirm that every file in one is identical to the other.
diff -qr /media/A/ /media/B/ seems to work, but the output is cluttered with garbage like
diff: /media/A//etc/alternatives/ControlPanel: No such file or directory
and
File /media/A//dev/tty8 is a character special file while file /media/B//dev/tty8 is a character special file
I can suppress the former with 2> /dev/null, but I don't know about the latter.
rsync -avn /media/A/ /media/B/ also produces a bunch of clutter, like "skipping non-regular file".
How can I compare the two trees and just make sure that all the real files exist in both and are identical?
General :: Monitor Filesystems And Notify When The Status Is Warning >=80 And Critical >=90
Jan 13, 2010I need to monitor my filesystems and get an email when the status is warning >=80 and critical >=90. I am not very good for scripting so I found an script but is not working for me This Red Hat Enterprise 5.0
Script
Code:
ADMIN="me@somewher.com"
# set alert level 90% is default
ALERT=90
df -H | grep -vE '^Filesystem|tmpfs|cdrom' | awk '{ print $5 " " $1 }' | while read output;
do
[Code]....
General :: P5BV-C/4L No Valid Devices Were Found On Which To Create New Filesystems
Feb 10, 2011It's been years since I've set up a Linux machine and I am getting a "no valid devices were found on which to create new filesystems" during a Centos install on a Asus P5BV-C/4L motherboard. I am assuming that there is a raid driver that needs to be installed, but when I went to the asus download site, selected linux/P5BV-C/4L and downloaded all of the available drivers, I keep getting errors saying "Driver disk is invalid for this release of Centos".
I take the zip file, extract it down to the .img file, burn it to disk and try to load it after running a "linux dd". Is this the correct way of doing it? Am I using the correct file?