General :: Grub: Kernel Parameter RO But Filesystem Still Gets Mounted Rw?
Jan 13, 2010
I am trying to do a fsck on my ext3 partition, but so far failed to let the system come up in single user mode and having the partition mounted read only. It says in the kernel parameter that it is read only (RO) but still mounts it RW. A remount with mount -o remount,ro does not work, since / is always busy. what to do to get a fsck done? I don't want to boot into a rescue system, this should be possible on a running system (like Windows does it, when rebooting)
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Mar 24, 2010
I've had a look at some similar threads but as I'm very new to linux they're already a bit technical for me. Sorry, this calls for someone with patience. I gather from other threads that disconnecting an external drive without unmounting is a no-no, and this seems to be the likely cause. Now the disk is read only and I'm unable to change any settings through the usual control panel on ubuntu. I'm just not familiar with the terminal instructions. I tried to cut and past a few command lines from other threads but I got some warnings that proceding could damage data. Like this one: WARNING! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage.
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May 18, 2011
I am very new to linux, and I have a question regarding the filesystem check (fsck). The power recently went out and when I tried to restart linux the following error appears:
*/dev/sda1 contains file system w/errors, check forced it then goes on to say..
*An error occured during the file system check. Dropping you to a shell; the system will reboot when you leave the shell. Give root password for maintenance (or type Control-D to continue) I wasn't sure what to do, but checked some other online forums and they suggested running fsck manually - so I typed in the root password - and used the command, "fsck -A -V ; echo == $? ==" it then gave the following message
*WARNING!!! Running e2fsck on a mounted filesystem may cause SEVERE filesystem damage
*Would you like to continue (y/n)
Again, I wasn't sure what to do so i just checked no. I then manually turned off the computer and was prompted at the beginning to press Alt-3. I was brought to another screen and it informed me one of the drives was degraded and suggested rebuilding the array. I tried doing this, but it still brings me back to the original error of, "/dev/sda1 contains file system w/errors, check forced," and the process continues.
Also, when I tried to rebuild the array, I didn't backup any of the data on our home directory before doing this (which was probably a big mistake). After being prompted to type the root password, I was able to give the ls command and look at all the directories...the home directory where our data was stored was empty and I am afraid I may have lost some information. Is there a possibility that data was lost when I was trying to rebuild using the old drives?
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Oct 11, 2010
i m using following kernal.
Code:
# uname -r
2.6.18-128.2.1.4.9.el5xen
According to security manual i need to incorporate following changes into kernal parameter but i m not sure when and how these changes will be implemented.
Code:
net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route must be set to "0"
net.ipv4.ip_forward must be set to "0" (zero)
icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts must be set to "1"
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies must be set to "1"
[code].....
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Aug 4, 2010
I recently enabled noapic on my laptop because it was experiencing strange input freezes on several distros that I tried.Ok, so it does not use the ioapics. My question is, what does this mean for the system? If it used apics before, what happens now? I am a freshly graduated computer science major, and I have worked with basics pics on projects before, but I am curious how this effects the running system.
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Mar 3, 2010
What is the default kernel paramtre valus for linux RHEL Machine?
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Feb 26, 2010
I run Windows Vista and Ubuntu 9.10 dual boot. Today while booting windows, it informed me that there was something wrong with my hard disk and it would perform a check, and made some fixes.
Only when I wanted to boot into ubuntu again did I realise that the disk check had corrupted my linux partition. Ubuntu's load screen shows up, but just before the login screen it says that the filesystem could not be mounted.
Is there a way I can fix this? And how do I prevent windows from doing the same in the future?
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Jun 15, 2010
I want to find out the last time a filesystem was mounted on Linux (Debian).
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Sep 13, 2010
I've done the usual edit of /etc/sysctl.conf to include the parameter, but it just tosses errors. I haven't had to tune a kernel in a very long time, what's different about it nowadays (or have I simply forgotten how)?
edit: Added "kernel.semmni = 2048" to the tail of /etc/sysctl.conf and then ran "sysctl -p". End result is an unknown key error (apparently kernel.semmni isn't the valid name anymore?).
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Dec 13, 2010
I am using grub of version 2, and current resolution vga=795 (probably). X runs at 1680x1050. So what I would like to know is, how can I count the right VGA parameter number for grub, to use another resolution?
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Mar 18, 2011
I've ran fsck -c on the (unmounted) partition in question a while ago. The process was unattended and results were not stored anywhere (except badblock inode). Now I'd like to get badblock information to know if there are any problems with the harddrive. Unfortunately, partition is used in the production system and can't be unmounted.
I see two ways to get what I want: Run badblocks in read-only mode. This will probably take a lot of time and cause unnecessary bruden on the system. Somehow extract information about badblocks from the filesystem iteself. How can I view known badblocks registered in mounted filesystem?
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Nov 19, 2010
For example we have a PC with Linux and, let's say, ext4. It is connected to another PC with Linux and Samba-shared dir.First PC mounted shared dir of the second one. So it's in the filesystem, for example in "/mnt/000/". What will happen if I unplug the net cable from first PC? Will ext4 on the first PC crash so I'll have to perform fsck? I know that hot unpluging of mounted HDD probably will make filesystem read-only available and generally damaged.
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Nov 4, 2010
I have an issue that is fixed by changing the lpfc driver to run using MSI interrupts. This is done by adding "options lpfc lpfc_use_msi=2" /etc/modprobe.conf.local file.
Is there a way to make this change using kernel boot parameters?
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Apr 19, 2010
I am trying to figure out a totally odd behavior of the ext3 filesystem mounted in Ubuntu 9.10. There is a Korn Shell script, part of which does the following in the loop:
while ((1)); do
mv dir1/file dir2;
if [[ ! -r dir2/file ]]; then
echo "ERROR"
ls -l dir1/* dir2/*
exit 1
elif
echo "OK"
fi
done
Given that dir2/file always exists and that I do not move it asynchronously with "&", my script should never hit the "ERROR" statement. The odd thing is that it does, and quite randomly (no pattern at all). However when it does hit the ERROR case, ls -l prints that file is in dir2 and it is readable! I tried using "-e" instead of "-r" test - no luck. I never seen anything like this in 10 years of my programming experience. Same script worked fine on Fedora 11, and yet it wouldn't work on Ubuntu.
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May 4, 2010
I got the following modprobe scripts modprobe -k -q streams what does the -k parameter mean?. is it exist in older modprobe? I don't see -k parameter in recent modprobe.
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Mar 26, 2010
When i type the df command i see that /dev/hda1 as a filesytem that is mounted at '/'(root). Is /dev/hda1 a filesystem. I thought that it is a partition on my hard disk that contains the root file system.
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Feb 8, 2010
I can't restart ubuntu, because of an error during filecheck. Something like:
Code:
usplash failed
usplash could not set to 1152x864
Mountall failed
Filesystem could not be mounted
Do a manual fsck to repair error When I run fsck, it sees some multiply-nodes, when I try to repair them, it says:
Code:
Fail: Multiply-nodes allready copied or repaired After fsck is done, I have to reboot. And the cycle repeats.
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Feb 10, 2011
I'm having the following issue on an appliance using uClinux and MTD to access a NAND flash memory: Although the kernel has Yaffs compiled and it seems able to access the NAND, it doesn't create devices (/dev/mtdblock? and /dev/mtd?):
Code:
root:~> dmesg
Linux version 2.6.19.3-ADI-2007R1.1-svn (root@ubuntu) (gcc version 4.1.1 (ADI 07R1)) #1 Thu Feb 10 15:37:08 CET 2011
Blackfin support (C) 2004-2007 Analog Devices, Inc.
Compiled for ADSP-BF532 Rev 0.5
[Code].....
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Apr 16, 2010
I have not dug into Ubuntu for almost a year now (Since Jaunty, really). I am trying to come to grips with Grub2, but have just now encountered it in Lucid. I am having a terrible time with the graphics chipset, and it may well be that Ubuntu cannot be used on this computer (an older laptop with the dreaded Intel 82845G graphics chip). There are a number of older bug reports that it is unsupported, but some success in more recent versions.
Anyway, one suggestion has been to add i915.nomodset=1 to the kernel boot line. Now, this was a cinch in Legacy Grub, but I have been reading Grub2 wikis and tutorials for two days now, and I know about the config files, but I cannot find anything which tells me specifically how to add a parameter to the kernel boot line.
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Apr 20, 2011
I have a "Chicony 1.3M UVC Webcam (Asus G1S notebooks)" webcam, which is supported by Linux UVC [1]. However I'm unable to find the kernel parameter that I should select to compile my kernel to support this device.
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Sep 16, 2010
Is there any Kernel parameter available for interrupts handling, In the case of busy server how we can tune the kernel to handle interrupts effectively.
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Feb 27, 2010
I installed OpenSUSE 11.1 on a friends computer after having a lot of trouble from ubuntu, and because I use it. It was working great when she got it home, but it locked up randomly and wouldn't unfreeze so she turned it off and when she rebooted She got an error about there not being a file system present and that she needed to run a mount command, which didn't work. After that, now it just says that there is no files system present and you ge tthe basic prompt. I had her run a live cd and run Gpartd and check and repair the partitions, but it did nothing.
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Jul 17, 2010
It's documented in the howto's that you need to have the nomodeset kernel parameter specified if you want to run the proprietary Nvidia driver. But I read in certain posts that this is only required for "older" graphics cards.Can someone shed some light on this? Is the parameter ALWAYS required when running the nvidia driver, or only for certain graphic cards?
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Oct 22, 2010
Hey,everyone! I've got Ubuntu 10.10 , when loading I see the following message:
"atk: Resources not safely usable due to acpi_enforce_resources kernel parameter"
What does it mean and do I need to fix it?
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Jul 20, 2011
I'm trying to increase hard and soft limit of nofile kernel parameter by putting the following initscript into /sbin
Code:
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
export PATH
# Increase the hardlimit for open files
[Code].....
But the limits still don't change as if the script is not run during startup.
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Jul 21, 2010
After I installed Linux OS(for example:SuSE10,redhat5),the [root] parmeter of [kernel] in created grub.conf seems that sometimes it's defined to device name.sometimes it's defined to Label or sometimes UUID. So ,I want to know what is that relative to? Hard disk type or OS version or both?
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Mar 18, 2011
Like in subject when i run gfs2_gettune it returns:
gfs2_tool gettune /mnt/SambaShare/
gfs2_tool: gfs2 Filesystem /mnt/SambaShare/ is not mounted.
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Nov 3, 2010
I'm trying to install Oracle DB on OpenSuse (is it smart, because it's not certified for that OS?)..and I've set oracle parameters using oracle script, but when I'm runnign through oracle installation, kernel parameters check reports that parametersa are 'n/a', like oracle OS account cannot access those parameters..
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Jul 19, 2010
After setting the "nomodeset" kernel parameter, to install the nVidia proprietary driver in OpenSuSE 11.3 (I need to do CUDA development), my Sansa Clip+ is no longer recognized. When I turn the "nomodeset" option off, I can see it with $(fdisk -l).
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Jul 19, 2011
I am looking for a way to do deduplication for my Virtual Machines, I found a project called OpenDudup. It looks promising, it says it needs fuse as a dependency. After looking up what fuse is, it left me with another question. What make a file system is user space different from a file system in kernel space?
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