Fedora Servers :: RAID 6-like Setup With Dissimilar Disk Sizes?

Jun 7, 2010

I'm looking to set up a bit of a home server, and am wondering about storage. What I'd like is something like RAID 6, which has good redundancy built-in, but with this being a home server, I'd prefer to start a little smaller and leave room to build it up in future. I'd been looking at commercial products like the 'drobo', which seems fairly ideal, but I'd really like to see if I can do it myself. I understand that throwing the RAID into an LVM will allow for some expansion, but the last time I checked, most RAID setups called for the same sized disks, or at least limited the array by the size of the smallest disk present.

What I'd like is the ability to build a basic framework with a few cheap disks, and then as things start filling up, to be able to add larger ones (perhaps eventually pulling out smaller ones as though they'd failed and replacing them with big ones)

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Fedora Installation :: Install F13 On A Server That Has A 2-disk RAID Setup In The BIOS?

Jul 8, 2010

I'm attempting to install F13 on a server that has a 2-disk RAID setup in the BIOS. When I get to the screen where I select what drive to install on, there are no drives listed. The hard drives were completely formatted before starting the 13 installation. Do I need to put something on them before Fedora will install?

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Ubuntu :: Restoring Disk Image To Dissimilar Hardware

Apr 27, 2011

In the event of theoretical anticipated motherboard failure; how would Ubuntu react to dissimilar hardware? In that the Linux kernel contains, as I understand, all the necessary drivers.

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Fedora Servers :: Setup RAID On DELL Server With F10 64Bit OS?

Jan 22, 2009

I have had no problem installing Fedora OS on any of my Dell servers prior to this post. Anyway, I wouldn't call this a problem but recently, we bought another DELL server with Quad Core, 4GB, etc... AND this model has 2 swappable SAS Harddrives.

I wouldn't call myself an expert but then again I am not a newbie too. However, I have never setup any RAID before and now I am forced to setup RAID1 on this server. So, in a way, I am a newbie in setting up RAID

Would someone please point me in the right direction as I have no idea what I am supposed to do to setup the RAID. FYI, I will be installing Fedora 10 64bit on this server. I would appreciate if you can start from the very beginning, ie. partitioning, formatting the harddrives during OS installation, etc..

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Ubuntu Servers :: HW RAID Disk Shows Up In Fstab But Not In /dev/disk/by-uuid?

Jun 28, 2010

I have an SiI hardware SATA RAID card, with two 500GB disks in mirrored RAID configuration. When I first plugged them in and set it up, things seemed to work ok, but on boot the raid controller told me that the RAID needed rebuilding, and it would happen automatically after POST. So I didn't worry about it, and the drive mounted fine, and it's been that way for years. I just went in and manually on-line rebuilt the RAID in the controller's BIOS, and now when I boot into Ubuntu, both disks show up in fdisk, but neither show up in /dev/disk/by-uuid. Am I missing something?

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General :: Setup RAID 5 And One Spare Disk

Aug 4, 2010

I want to build a 6xSATA RAID 5 system with on of the disks as spare disk. I think this give me a chance of 2 of 6 disks failing without losing data. I am right?
Hardware: Intel ICH10R
First I will creat a 3xSATA RAID 5, after I will add the spare disk and after that I will add the others disks. This is what I think I should do.

Step 1:
Create RAID Device
Code:
mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --metadata 1.2 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
I read that "--metadata 1.2" is the best option. It is true?
Create filesystem on the RAID device

Using this method of calculation:
* chunk size = 128kB (for RAID 5)
* block size = 4kB (recommended for large files, and most of time)
* stride = chunk / block = 128kB / 4k = 32kB
* stripe-width = stride * ( (n disks in raid5) - 1 ) = 32kB * ( (5)- 1 ) = 32kB * 4 = 128kb
Then:
Code:
mkfs.ext3 -v -m .1 -b 4096 -E stride=32,stripe-width=128 /dev/md0

Step 2:
Add spare-disk
Code:
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdd1
Is this enough?

Step 3:
Adding disks:
Code:
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sde1
mdadm --grow /dev/md0 --raid-devices=4
fsck.ext3 /dev/md0
resize2fs /dev/md0

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Ubuntu Servers :: Custom RAID Setup ?

Jul 12, 2010

I'm setting up a web server but I have no experience with RAID. I would like to try this configuration if possible:

2 x HDD 500GB RAID1
1 x HDD 20GB (logs and tmp)

The old 20GB drive I would like to use it to store logs and temporally files (mounted in /var/log and /tmp respectively). With this I'm trying to reduce some disk usage in the RAID drives. In my idea, it would be better to write the access/error logs of the web server in a separated drive to the one serving the files which may increase speed... sounds crazy?

One problem is that during the installation, If I set the RAID automatically it will try to use my 20GB HDD as well in the RAID... Does it will work if I set the RAID first (removing the 20GB HDD) and then set the mount points in it after the installation?

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Server :: Setup The Servers In A RAID Configuration?

Apr 15, 2010

I am rebuilding two microsystems servers and I need some advice to make my dreams come true.I want to setup the servers in a RAID configuration and want to install a GUI Linux application to manage a file server, manage a subnet, and host a Moodle on my subnet.I am planning to use Asus eee netbooks running Linux as my client computers. I basically need to be able to get my kids on the web and be able to have them use some open source office suite tools. No major crunching. I'll have two Macs for that.

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Ubuntu Servers :: Use UUIDs To Setup A Raid With Mdadm?

Oct 6, 2010

Can I use UUIDs to setup a raid with mdadm?

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Ubuntu Servers :: Init Not Found After RAID Setup?

Apr 4, 2011

I have the current disk setup :

disk1 :

Code:
sda:
(primary) sda1 ntfs
(primary) sda2 ext3 (mounted as / )[code]....

Before i set up the raid, but with this exact partitioning, the system booted perfectly. When i installed mdadm and created the raid1 mirroring on sda6 and sdb1, the init got screwed up, and all i get is a shell on initramfs, from where i can inspect that sda is binded on md, and cat /proc/mdstat tells me that i have an inactive sda[4].I can't mount the root partition (sda2), because it's busy (i suspect dmraid to lock it), which is, i guess, why init cannot be found.

I wonder if my error is to setup a raid array using a logical partition contained in an extended partition (but i hardly see why it would not work - but the sda bind and the sda[4] in mdstat seems to tell me that it does not), or it's just the initrd that is improperly configured. The other things that bothers me, is that changing the partition type of the raid partitions (fd to 0 - Empty), to disable raid autodetection, resulted in the same behavior on boot. Which might lead me again to think about configuration file problem instead of improper setup.The live cd doesn't not seem to recognize raid, so i can't inspect problems any further, but i could inspect system configuration, but i don't really know where to start.

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Hardware :: Fedora 11 RAID 1 - Disk Failure - Boot From The Single Working Disk?

Oct 16, 2009

my Fedora 11 system is not starting anylonger. It stops with the message:

Code:

VFS: Can't find ext4 filesystem on dev dm-0

The system told me since a while, that a lot of the sectors of one disk of the (software) RAID compound are failed already. So tried to disconnect each of the disks and start them separately. Unfortunaltly this is not working (for one its is not working at all, the other wents the same far as with both), when I tried to recover the system with the Fedora DVD, it said no distribution found. I am quite new and do not know so much about linux system, so i do not know what further information you could need. Maybe it can be important, that both disks are encryped (the system wents so far, that I can type in the password).

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Ubuntu Servers :: Install Boot Loader Into RAID 10 Setup?

Oct 3, 2010

i installed ubuntu server on a 4-hard disk system, i installed with the RAID 10 support that comes with 10.04 server optioon. my raid swap is /dev/md0 and my raid data partition is /dev/md1

hard drives are /dev/sda /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd

the instalation goes fine, from the 8TB im getting 4TB mirrored which is what i want,
but the instalation setup goes up to the point where it asks me to install grub boot loader, There i choose the default option and it does a fatal error.

my main goal is just to make it bootable, any method is welcome. this went beyond my RAID knowledge (more conceptual than technical)

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Ubuntu Servers :: Recovering A Three Disk Software RAID 5

Mar 12, 2011

I'm testing my ability to recover a failed disk on a three disk software RAID 5 setup.

I have used a 10.04 alternate install disk to setup a three disk RAID 5 array according to this: [URL]. This is for a RAID1 setup. I followed it exactly except that I performed the steps on three drives rather than two and selected RAID5 instead of RAID1. Each disk is 500GB and has a 26 GB swap partition and the remaining space on each disk set as / with the boot flag on.

I installed the OS on my array and everything boots without a problem. After I booted up I started a terminal and ransudo dpkg-reconfigure mdadm to set the boot degraded to true and rebooted.

Next, I shut down the computer, disconnected the power on drive 1 (sdb) and then tried to boot. I get this (not verbatim):

Quote:

mdadm: CREATE user root not found
mdadm: CREATE group disk not found
raid5: raid level 5 set md0 active with 2 out of 3 devices, algorithm 2
mdadm: /dev/md0 has been started with 2 drives (out of 3)

[Code].....

*then a list of common problems and then:

ALERT! /dev/disk/by-uuid/bunchanumbersnad letters does not exist. Dropping to a shell

Then it dumps me to initramfs. MD0 is the swap partition. At this point I don't know what the heck to do. I'm skating on the edge of noobidity and this is pretty much over my head.

I want to use this server as a virtual machine server and the desired behavior would be that, if a hard drive should fail, the server would alert me via email and continue to run in a degraded state.

Is it even possible to install the OS on the array and run it degraded? Given the desired behavior, should I be looking at something other than RAID5? My client is broke so I'm trying to avoid a hardware RAID if I can do it.

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Ubuntu Servers :: Reassembling Raid 5 With Missing Disk - No Superblock?

Apr 14, 2010

One of my raid disks (was a software raid5 with 4 drives) failured. I wanted to buy a new 1.5TB harddisk anyway so i i copied all the Raid data onto the new disk and disconnected the old ones. But then the new Disc crashed right before i could mirror it with another 1.5TB disk. So i need to reassemble my old Raid 5 now. I connected the drives in the former order except the first one, because this was the failed disk. The problem is, mdadm can't find the raid, no superblocks. Fdisk doesnt show mdraid superblocks, too. But fdisk has never showed superblocks. The thing is, this raid was crypted, but i crypted the /dev/md0, so this doesn't affect anything here, or?

some infos:

Code:

server:~# mdadm --misc -d /dev/sda
mdadm: option -d not valid in misc mode
server:~# mdadm --misc -t /dev/sda

[code]....

Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table But fdisk always said there is no valid partition table and the raid was working.

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Ubuntu Servers :: Raid Failed - Missing Physical Disk?

Nov 23, 2010

My raid array has failed. I have two disks /dev/sda and /dev/sdb./dev/sdb has failed and I could not rebuild the array(madm returned that the device is busy) so I rebooted the machine. After that, the whole sdb disk went missing, as it now only shows sda in fdisk -l.Did the disk went totally dead or my raid glitched?

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Ubuntu Servers :: Start The RAID Using "Disk Utility?

May 5, 2011

My system locked up while copying files last night. My RAID array will not start. I did verify my UUID's. (Lesson learned.) I do not understand a few things.1. Why do different drives show "active sync" on different drives? 2. Why does "Disk Utility" tell me the RAID is not running and when I try to assemble the RAID, mdadm returns: mdadm: device /dev/md0 already active - cannot assemble itWhen I try to start the RAID using "Disk Utility":

Code:
Error assembling array: mdadm exited with exit code 1: mdadm: cannot open device /dev/sdd1: Device or resource busy
mdadm: /dev/sdd1 has no superblock - assembly aborted
So, I examine sdd1:
Code:
sudo mdadm -E /dev/sdd1

[Code]...

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Ubuntu Servers :: 9.10 Server/Raid 10 Setup - HDD - Not Recognizing The Full Capacity Of The Drives

Mar 12, 2010

I have a total of 4 hdd's, 500gb 7.2rpm that I would like mirrored using raid 10. As you can see from the image, ubuntu 9.10 server isn't recognizing the full 2tb's. In fact, I'm not even sure about the configuration as I was thinking the HDD's would come up as four 500gb hdds. Instead I have the configuration above set and ready for Ubuntu to be installed on.

1. Is this typical of a server pre-configured from Dell(perc6 raid controller.

2.Why is ubuntu not recognizing the full capacity of the drives especially when it's a server install?

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Ubuntu Servers :: Does Replacing Failed Disk On Raid5 Change Any Data On Other Disks In Raid

Jan 9, 2011

I've got a raid5 array of 4 disks with ubuntu 8.04 runing on it that is currently still working:

/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdc
/dev/sdd

Smartmontools for /dev/sdc tell that there are 9 sectors pending for reallocation:

Code:

197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 9
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 9
And /dev/sdd has increasing number of reallocated sectors (about 1 every couple of minutes):

Code:

5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 1735
/dev/sdc has failed a coulple of times this week (but I have always sucessfully readded it to raid5) . But the increasing number of reallocated sectores on /dev/sdd concerns me even more.

I'm affraid that during removal of /dev/sdd and adding new /devs/sdd disk, raid might fall appart. That's why I would try to do it in Ubuntu Live CD:If the raid falls appart (/dev/sdc fails) during the readding of new /dev/sdd disk, I might still remove the new /dev/sdd and return the previous one and assemble the raid with:

/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdd (old one that was previously removed)

Does assembling Raid in Ubuntu Live and adding new disk for /dev/sdd write anything on /dev/sda, /dev/sdb and /dev/sdc in the process of adding /dev/sdd into raid5?

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Ubuntu Servers :: RAID-5 Recovery (spare/active) / Degraded And Can't Create Raid ,auto Stop Raid [md1]?

Feb 1, 2011

Could any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.

Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:

mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]

I was able to examine the disks though:

Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....

Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.

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Ubuntu Servers :: RAID Card Reports All Four HDDs To Ubuntu As Single Drives Setup?

Nov 3, 2010

This is a strange problem. I have Ubuntu server installed on a proper server hardware. My RAID card reports all four HDDs to ubuntu as single drives, which is how i set it up because Ubuntu does not recognize the raid card on the server. Now you might say if thats the case, why dont i remove the raid card and have the BIOS report to ubuntu as four single drives then i can perhaps setup software raid. Well my board has only one sata port.Ubuntu is all setup. on the first drive and i have set the other three up using software RAID.

System works great only problem is it freezes sometimes. Not everytime, just on the odd occassion I use the same Hardware without the raid card and of course just one HDD and it great. No freezes.That leads me to believe its the RAID card.My question is why will it run great for days and sometimes just freeze on me? Probably silly but if theres an issue with the RAID card, it should not work at all, should it?

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Red Hat / Fedora :: Setup RAID 1 Without Any Data Loss

Dec 7, 2010

I have a Dell workstation, 2 HDD, HDD 1 setuped Red Hat 5.3 with LVM, and that HDD 2 is empty, not install RAID 1. And, I want to setup RAID 1 (hardware RAID)...but, have a problem. I don't want to lost data on HDD 1 when I setup raid, I try ghost or backup it, but when I restore, it error because LVM is setup on that.

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Ubuntu Servers :: Creation Of RAID-0 Array In Disk Utility Resulting In Smaller Than Expected Array?

Sep 27, 2010

I have a NETGEAR ReadyNAS NV+ with four 1TB drives in a RAID-5 array. This is our primary file storage. This has previously been backed up to a hardware RAID-0 array directly attached to our Windows server. The capacity of this backup array is no longer sufficient. So the plan was, take a bunch of 200GB to 320GB drives (And a 750) I had kicking around, chuck them in a couple of old SCSI drive enclosures I have collecting dust, attach them via IDA/SATA-to-USB adaptors to a USB hub, attach that to the server, create a JBOD array spanning the disks, and back up the NAS to that. Performance is not an issue as this is just to be used for backup, with the idea being as near to zero cost as possible (Spend so far = NZ$100�ish).

The first hurdle I struck was Windows not supporting Dynamic Disks on USB drives (Required to create a spanned volume). At first I resisted using another machine (i.e. a machine running Ubuntu) as I didn't want to dedicate a piece of hardware to backing up the NAS. I then decided it would be acceptable to do this via a VM, which is what I've done.So I have 10.04 running under VMWare Server 2.0.2 under Windows Server 2008 R2. The disks are all presented to the VM. I wasn't sure if I was going to end up creating the array under LVM or something else, but I noticed Disk Utility has an option to create an array, so I tried that. When I add two 250GB drives, the array size is 500GB. When I then add a 160GB drive, the array size drops to 480GB. Huh? If I keep adding disks (Regardless of order) the final array size comes out at 1.8 TB, as per the attached screenshot. Now with the following drives, I expected something more like:

160 + 250 + 250+ 750 + 250 +200 + 200 + 250 + 320 + 250 + 320 = 3.2TB

Am I missing something or making a false assumption somewhere?

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Fedora Installation :: Setup RAID 10 With Fedora 11 On Desktop?

Aug 11, 2009

I've been trying to setup RAID 10 with Fedora 11 on my desktop using this tutorial:[URL].. Everything has been going well, except when following the instructions and getting ready to format, it says I need to define / and boot partitions. This was never included in the instructions.

- LVM Volume Gropus
-- vg_jordan
--- fedoraRAID (type: ext4)
- RAID Devices
-- /dev/md0 (mountpoint/RAID/volume: vg_jordan ; type: LVM)

[Code]...

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Fedora :: RAID Be Implemented On A Single Hard Disk?

Mar 25, 2010

Can RAID be implemented on a single hard disk ? If yes, plz give a link for it.

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Red Hat / Fedora :: Moving Install From Single Disk To RAID 1

Oct 27, 2009

If you want a full run down as to WHY I want to do this, read here: webhostingtalk.com/showthread.php?t=899909Basically, my ISP could not get my server running stable on a simple raid 1 (or raid 5) so what it came down to was having them install my system on a single disk. I don't exactly like this, main reason being, if the system (or HDD) crashes, I'll end up with another several hours of down time..

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Red Hat / Fedora :: RAID And Disk Transfer For Copying Contents

May 5, 2011

I had used DELL 1950 with 300 GB raid disk. Now, I purchased Dell 2950 with 450 GB (6 disk - 3 pairs of raid). I wanted to pull out old 300 GB from 1950 and put it in 2950 (temporarily) to copy all contents to the new system. How do I know which HDDs I need to pull out from 2950 so that I can replace them with 300 GB HDD to mount. I do not know how raid setup (I know unix alone - not raid commands). Is this possible? How to do it?

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CentOS 5 :: Mistakenly Setup RAID 0 Array On / Instead Of RAID1 During Setup - Convert Without Loss?

Dec 15, 2010

So I didn't notice when I setup my CentOS 5.5 server that I left / as RAID 0 on md1. All the rest are RAID 1. Is there a way I can modify the array to RAID 1 without a risk of data loss? I'm glad I caught this before I setup any other services. I've only setup smb so far...

[root@ftpserver ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md1 16G 3.0G 13G 20% /

[code]....

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General :: Ubuntu 10.04 - Cannot Setup GRUB On RAID 0 Setup Disks

Jun 4, 2010

I've been all afternoon trying to install Ubuntu Lucid on my fakeRAID 0 configured (2) HDDs and am unable to set GRUB up. The fake RAID setup is provided by Intel Matrix Storage Manager, it is correctly enabled and the BIOS is also correctly set up -- in fact, I've managed to install Windows 7 with no significant hitch. After struggling with partioning the drives (had to follow advice I found on a very helpful guide online [0]), creating the filesystems AND getting Ubuntu's installer to actually do what it is supposed to do, I now cannot seem to set GRUB up. My system, as it stands, is unbootable at all; via live CD only.

This is how the RAID0 dev is partitioned:
Code:
# fdisk -l /dev/mapper/isw_ecdeiihbfi_Volume0
Disk /dev/mapper/isw_ecdeiihbfi_Volume0: 1000.2 GB, 1000210694144 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121602 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 131072 bytes / 262144 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x6634b2b5 .....

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Fedora :: F14 - Very Annoyed With Software RAID Setup - Cannot Find Superblock At Reboot?

Nov 20, 2010

I recently upgrade to Fedora 14 from 13. It was an in-place upgrade. I can't recall for sure, but I do believe I had these problems in F13 before the upgrade. The F13 install was from a Live CD. Anyway, I have a three drive RAID 5 array setup - 3x 750GB. For some very annoying reason, each time I reboot my F14 system, it hangs with an error about not being able to find a superblock on /dev/md126 and /dev/md127. I have tried to stop and remove /dev/md126 and /dev/md127 but they always seem to come back. I have also noticed in the output of fdisk -l that drives sda and sdd like to swap places sometimes for an unknown (to me) reason. Any other output that is needed, please ask. I recreated the array just yesterday with:

Code:
mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
I would cat mdadm.conf in /etc, but I removed it previously to try to figure out the problem and it was not

[code]....

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Fedora Hardware :: RAID 0 With 4 Hard Disk - Adding New Partitions?

Jul 27, 2010

We have a server with RAID 0 with 4 hard disks on it each 250 GB. Linux kernel must find one hard disk named: /dev/sda with 1TB capacity. right? And also we have 2 partitions on sda: sda1 and sda2. We want to add another partition but we don't have enough space.

Now the problem:
If we add another hard disk and run
Code:
fdisk -l
Will the /dev/sda space incremented automatically so we can add new partitions or we must do something?

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