My raid array has failed. I have two disks /dev/sda and /dev/sdb./dev/sdb has failed and I could not rebuild the array(madm returned that the device is busy) so I rebooted the machine. After that, the whole sdb disk went missing, as it now only shows sda in fdisk -l.Did the disk went totally dead or my raid glitched?
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One of my raid disks (was a software raid5 with 4 drives) failured. I wanted to buy a new 1.5TB harddisk anyway so i i copied all the Raid data onto the new disk and disconnected the old ones. But then the new Disc crashed right before i could mirror it with another 1.5TB disk. So i need to reassemble my old Raid 5 now. I connected the drives in the former order except the first one, because this was the failed disk. The problem is, mdadm can't find the raid, no superblocks. Fdisk doesnt show mdraid superblocks, too. But fdisk has never showed superblocks. The thing is, this raid was crypted, but i crypted the /dev/md0, so this doesn't affect anything here, or?
some infos:
Code:
server:~# mdadm --misc -d /dev/sda
mdadm: option -d not valid in misc mode
server:~# mdadm --misc -t /dev/sda
[code]....
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table But fdisk always said there is no valid partition table and the raid was working.
I've got a raid5 array of 4 disks with ubuntu 8.04 runing on it that is currently still working:
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdc
/dev/sdd
Smartmontools for /dev/sdc tell that there are 9 sectors pending for reallocation:
Code:
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 9
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 9
And /dev/sdd has increasing number of reallocated sectors (about 1 every couple of minutes):
Code:
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 1735
/dev/sdc has failed a coulple of times this week (but I have always sucessfully readded it to raid5) . But the increasing number of reallocated sectores on /dev/sdd concerns me even more.
I'm affraid that during removal of /dev/sdd and adding new /devs/sdd disk, raid might fall appart. That's why I would try to do it in Ubuntu Live CD:If the raid falls appart (/dev/sdc fails) during the readding of new /dev/sdd disk, I might still remove the new /dev/sdd and return the previous one and assemble the raid with:
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdd (old one that was previously removed)
Does assembling Raid in Ubuntu Live and adding new disk for /dev/sdd write anything on /dev/sda, /dev/sdb and /dev/sdc in the process of adding /dev/sdd into raid5?
I have an SiI hardware SATA RAID card, with two 500GB disks in mirrored RAID configuration. When I first plugged them in and set it up, things seemed to work ok, but on boot the raid controller told me that the RAID needed rebuilding, and it would happen automatically after POST. So I didn't worry about it, and the drive mounted fine, and it's been that way for years. I just went in and manually on-line rebuilt the RAID in the controller's BIOS, and now when I boot into Ubuntu, both disks show up in fdisk, but neither show up in /dev/disk/by-uuid. Am I missing something?
View 9 Replies View RelatedPurchased (4) 2TiB Drives (actual disk space) and created a RAID5 array expecting to have 6TB of useable disk space, however actual useable space is 5.46TiB.
So, the question is where did the disk space go?
First off, I can say for certainty the disks actual useable is verified at 2TB each have mounted and formated on a non-linux system (OSX).
Disks - 2TB Per disk, Tested HFS, Actual 2TB Useable
root@server:/server# fdisk -l 2>/dev/null | egrep "sd[hijk]" | grep Disk
Disk /dev/sdh: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
Disk /dev/sdj: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
Disk /dev/sdk: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
[Code]....
I was running Ubuntu 9.04 Desktop on a headless Pentium 4 machine which is our file, mail, web & fax server. The two x 250GB SATA hard disks were in a RAID 1 array with full disk encryption. Ran the 9.10 upgrade via WEBMIN and it failed. I should have known then to copy over everything to a backup disk, but instead I rebooted.
On restart the machine accepted my encryption passphrase but promptly hung with a mountall symbol lookup error - code 127. So I can't start the machine to get at the disks, and using a Live CD is useless as it has no way to open the RAID array to get at the encrypted partitions. Although we have data backed up (as at last night) I'd hoped not to have to rebuild the entire server from scratch. But its looking bad.I have taken one drive out and plugged it into another machine (Hercules), and the partitions show up as /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3.
If it weren't for RAID, I could open /dev/sdb2 the main partition) in Disk Utility and enter my encryption passphrase to get access. But RAID adds a layer of obstruction that I have not yet overcome. I used mdadm to scan the above partitions and created the /etc/mdadm.conf file, which I edited to show the 2nd drive as missing (rather than risk corrupting both drives). I activated the RAID array with mdadm, and cat shows:
Code:
root@HERCULES# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sdb3[0]
1815232 blocks [2/1] [U_]
[Code]...
I've been searching the web for hours but have yet to find someone with a solution to this situation. If anyone has a thought on how to access this disk I'd be pleased to hear from you. In the meantime I will start building a new (9.10) machine from scratch, without RAID, 'cos that's probably going to be necessary.
My hard drives kept dropping out of the raid array, so I finally identified the problem as a bad sata cable. I redid the wires and now when I try to assemble I get this:
Code:
mdadm -v --assemble --scan /dev/md0
mdadm: looking for devices for /dev/md0
mdadm: no recogniseable superblock on /dev/sde4
[code].....
I'm testing my ability to recover a failed disk on a three disk software RAID 5 setup.
I have used a 10.04 alternate install disk to setup a three disk RAID 5 array according to this: [URL]. This is for a RAID1 setup. I followed it exactly except that I performed the steps on three drives rather than two and selected RAID5 instead of RAID1. Each disk is 500GB and has a 26 GB swap partition and the remaining space on each disk set as / with the boot flag on.
I installed the OS on my array and everything boots without a problem. After I booted up I started a terminal and ransudo dpkg-reconfigure mdadm to set the boot degraded to true and rebooted.
Next, I shut down the computer, disconnected the power on drive 1 (sdb) and then tried to boot. I get this (not verbatim):
Quote:
mdadm: CREATE user root not found
mdadm: CREATE group disk not found
raid5: raid level 5 set md0 active with 2 out of 3 devices, algorithm 2
mdadm: /dev/md0 has been started with 2 drives (out of 3)
[Code].....
*then a list of common problems and then:
ALERT! /dev/disk/by-uuid/bunchanumbersnad letters does not exist. Dropping to a shell
Then it dumps me to initramfs. MD0 is the swap partition. At this point I don't know what the heck to do. I'm skating on the edge of noobidity and this is pretty much over my head.
I want to use this server as a virtual machine server and the desired behavior would be that, if a hard drive should fail, the server would alert me via email and continue to run in a degraded state.
Is it even possible to install the OS on the array and run it degraded? Given the desired behavior, should I be looking at something other than RAID5? My client is broke so I'm trying to avoid a hardware RAID if I can do it.
Using a fresh copy of server 10.04 im trying to simulate a failed raid array on a pair of 2tb disks. Here is the procedure i have been following so far:
- Remove the dead disk partitions from each of the raid 1 arrays (substitute the correct md devices and partitions)
- mdadm /dev/md0 -r /dev/sdb2
- mdadm /dev/md1 -r /dev/sdb3
[code]....
I get an error here that sfdisk does not support gpt (guid partition table). I thought sfdisk did support gpt? It says to use parted, but i cant find a command that copies a partition table over from another disk in parted documentation. Any suggestions? I suppose i could make the partitions manually, but im writing a procedure for people who arent that technical and i need it to be simple enough to be run in my absence. manually building the partitions would be too hard for them.
My system locked up while copying files last night. My RAID array will not start. I did verify my UUID's. (Lesson learned.) I do not understand a few things.1. Why do different drives show "active sync" on different drives? 2. Why does "Disk Utility" tell me the RAID is not running and when I try to assemble the RAID, mdadm returns: mdadm: device /dev/md0 already active - cannot assemble itWhen I try to start the RAID using "Disk Utility":
Code:
Error assembling array: mdadm exited with exit code 1: mdadm: cannot open device /dev/sdd1: Device or resource busy
mdadm: /dev/sdd1 has no superblock - assembly aborted
So, I examine sdd1:
Code:
sudo mdadm -E /dev/sdd1
[Code]...
I'm looking to set up a bit of a home server, and am wondering about storage. What I'd like is something like RAID 6, which has good redundancy built-in, but with this being a home server, I'd prefer to start a little smaller and leave room to build it up in future. I'd been looking at commercial products like the 'drobo', which seems fairly ideal, but I'd really like to see if I can do it myself. I understand that throwing the RAID into an LVM will allow for some expansion, but the last time I checked, most RAID setups called for the same sized disks, or at least limited the array by the size of the smallest disk present.
What I'd like is the ability to build a basic framework with a few cheap disks, and then as things start filling up, to be able to add larger ones (perhaps eventually pulling out smaller ones as though they'd failed and replacing them with big ones)
On a freshly installed Ubuntu server 11.04 I noticed that the /dev/disk/by-path directory (and of course it's contents) are missing:
Code:
root@xfiles2:~# ls -lA /dev/disk/
total 0
[code]....
Could any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.
Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:
mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]
I was able to examine the disks though:
Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....
Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.
System: ubuntu server edition 10.10
Hardisk: a 160g usb external hard disk, formatted in win7 with NTFS format.
%fdisk -l
returns:
Device Boot .... System
/dev/sdg1 NPFS/NTFS
%sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdg1 /media/external
returns:
fuse: failed to create temporary directory
Have anyone seen this before?
Hi,
I am experiencing problems in creating a physical volume on RAID 1 system.
Here is what I did.
#/usr/sbin/pvcreate /dev/md0
the message reads:
"Device /dev/md0 not found (or ignored by filtering)."
The /dev/md0 has a partition type 8e for linux LVM
Can anyone enlighten me?
Thanks
I have a NETGEAR ReadyNAS NV+ with four 1TB drives in a RAID-5 array. This is our primary file storage. This has previously been backed up to a hardware RAID-0 array directly attached to our Windows server. The capacity of this backup array is no longer sufficient. So the plan was, take a bunch of 200GB to 320GB drives (And a 750) I had kicking around, chuck them in a couple of old SCSI drive enclosures I have collecting dust, attach them via IDA/SATA-to-USB adaptors to a USB hub, attach that to the server, create a JBOD array spanning the disks, and back up the NAS to that. Performance is not an issue as this is just to be used for backup, with the idea being as near to zero cost as possible (Spend so far = NZ$100�ish).
The first hurdle I struck was Windows not supporting Dynamic Disks on USB drives (Required to create a spanned volume). At first I resisted using another machine (i.e. a machine running Ubuntu) as I didn't want to dedicate a piece of hardware to backing up the NAS. I then decided it would be acceptable to do this via a VM, which is what I've done.So I have 10.04 running under VMWare Server 2.0.2 under Windows Server 2008 R2. The disks are all presented to the VM. I wasn't sure if I was going to end up creating the array under LVM or something else, but I noticed Disk Utility has an option to create an array, so I tried that. When I add two 250GB drives, the array size is 500GB. When I then add a 160GB drive, the array size drops to 480GB. Huh? If I keep adding disks (Regardless of order) the final array size comes out at 1.8 TB, as per the attached screenshot. Now with the following drives, I expected something more like:
160 + 250 + 250+ 750 + 250 +200 + 200 + 250 + 320 + 250 + 320 = 3.2TB
Am I missing something or making a false assumption somewhere?
I have a 4 disk software RAID array made up of Seagate drives. Let's name them sda, sdb, sdc, sdd. And let's say SDC is failing. Big question. How do i find out which of the 4 physical drives it is? They all look the same to me when i open up the PC case. Maybe some utility which will load up heavy usage on just one drive and i will try to put my finger on them and figure out which one is vibrating? Or maybe there is a smarter way?
View 1 Replies View RelatedI am currently using windows xp, but I have acquired another hard drive and wish to install ubuntu to it, unfortunately i do not have a working cd drive. I have loaded the newest iso in daemon tools and it asks me if i want to install it in windows, or restart my computer to do a full install. i wish to do neither. i want to install a full copy to my other drive with the virtual cd drive. I have found alot of help dealing with installing it on the same drive as windows or something that would require a floppy drive. this task seems like it would be alot simpler than installing on the same drive, buy maybe not. Did i miss a tutorial somewhere?
View 2 Replies View RelatedI want to create RAID disk on machine_2. Next, I want to replace one of the RAID disk from machine_2 to with the RAID disk from macnine_1. Then I want to build the RAID disk from machine_1 with machine_2 data. This is my question:
How to determine the physical drive the system boots on in a RAID array?
Or
How to determine the RAID disk from machine_1 in machine_2?
I am trying to figure out the "actual" disk size used by my system. When I run the "df -h" command,I am not taking here into consideration the shared memory of 2Gb as it is a sort of virtual shared memory and is not allocated physically. Is that correct ?
View 8 Replies View RelatedI had done a new lucid install to a 1 TB RAID 1 array using the alternate CD a few weeks back. I messed up that system trying to some hardware working that lucid doesn't have drivers for yet, so I gave up on it and reinstalled to a single 80 GB disk that I now want to move over to the RAID array.
I moved all of the existing files on the array to a single folder, then copied all of the folders from the 80 GB disk over to the array with permissions and symlinks (minus the contents of /proc and /sys, which I created empty).
These are the commands I used:
Quote:
p -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /b*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /d*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /e*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /h*
[Code]....
I tried to change fstab to use the 689a... for root, but when I try to boot, it's still trying to open /dev/disk/by-uuid/412d...
So then I booted from the single disk again and chrooted into the array, then ran update-initramfs -u. I got 3 "grep: /proc/modules: No such file or directory" errors, and "cat: /proc/cmdline: No such file or directory"- so I created directory /proc/modules, created an empty file /proc/cmdline, and ran the initramfs update again. Then I tried to shut down, which hung (probably because I was doing all of this from a terminal window in Gnome), so I killed the power after a couple of minutes.
It's still trying to use /dev/disk/by-uuid/412d... to boot.
What am I missing? I assume I just have to change the UUID to mount as root, but I don't know how.
i would like to determine the hard drive partition associated with a directory. ie i have a disk partition as user with mount point Home. this i think contains my Home directory. a downloaded program resides in /usr/bin. now there is a /usr/local/bin with nothing in it. my question is how can i tell what disk partition /usr/bin resides on. if it is on my user defined partition i will not lose the program on a system install i think?
View 5 Replies View RelatedIs is possible to extend physical volume disk space from one to another?
Quote:
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda1 Zeus-extra lvm2 a- 149.05G 17.05G
/dev/sdb1 Zeus-misc lvm2 a- 394.96G 274.96G
Could I get 50GB from /dev/sdb1 and add it to /dev/sda1 ???
my Fedora 11 system is not starting anylonger. It stops with the message:
Code:
VFS: Can't find ext4 filesystem on dev dm-0
The system told me since a while, that a lot of the sectors of one disk of the (software) RAID compound are failed already. So tried to disconnect each of the disks and start them separately. Unfortunaltly this is not working (for one its is not working at all, the other wents the same far as with both), when I tried to recover the system with the Fedora DVD, it said no distribution found. I am quite new and do not know so much about linux system, so i do not know what further information you could need. Maybe it can be important, that both disks are encryped (the system wents so far, that I can type in the password).
Ive been running VirtualBox with a windows XP installation for some time, on an opensuse 11.0 host for some time. Recently, however ive been having issues with suse, and want to take my virtual XP and make it a primary bootable physical partition, on a second disk
I know it can be done, but im not finding how exactly.
What ive tried so far. I've taken VBoxManage terminal tool and converted the VDI to a .img file, and tried to move that to my second physical disk, but it didnt work at all.
After some thinking, I booted to acronis true image within my virtual machine, and cloned the C:/ drive of windows over to my second hard drive. That got me further, but doesn't boot fully. Comes up to windows xp logo, and black screen boot loops.
Ive heard about using vditool to create a .raw file, and then go from there, but im at a loss to find vdi tool
How can i move my virtual machine to a physical, bootable partition on a second drive?
how easy it would be to read the contents of a physical disk that was part of a larger logical volume. The disk contains a "Linux LVM" partition that spans its entire size. My problem is that one of my disks died, and I have to send it back for a warranty replacement. However, the disk is dead, and I can't zero it out. I'm just trying to assess how difficult it would be (or at least how likely it would be) for a tech that's checking out the disk to get at the data.
View 4 Replies View Relatedhow to get the terminal displayed on my serverbox to show up in a terminal on my laptop. I have a minecraft server running on ubuntu server edition 10.04 on a headless server. I also have a monitor, but it's a big bulky CRT and my girlfriend doesn't like having a huge amount of stuff tucked behind our chair where the router is (wifi wasn't working right, nor is it stable).
Essentially, when I ssh into the box, it creates a new terminal for me to input things on. That's nice when I need to edit stuff in the background, but when I want to input commands on the server directly, there's no real way to do that without blindly typing on my keyboard on the box itself. Not to mention, I can't see anything if something goes wrong. A friend of mine mentioned the 'screen' command, and that sort of works I guess, but it still doesn't show the minecraft server output, nor let me input.
tl:dr;
is there a way to get a physical terminal output to display on a remote ssh terminal screen?
I installed Debian on my PC with a Acer Stock motherboard (xc600) with amd64 and after the installation finished it told me to remove my installation media and reboot. After reboot I was returned this message ' ERROR: No boot disk has been detected or the disk has failed.'. I have verified with gparted using mint live OS that I have Debian installed on my system.
I got believes that this may have be caused by a broken grub or I need to configure something I don't know how in BIOS.
I will update the topic later..
My installation media was a USB 2.0 flashdrive with a Debian 8.2 Jessie Installer and 9 different Linux distros. I have installed Debian multiple times before on my laptop and never had this problem so I know how to go through the installation process and set the partitions.
I was going to go ahead and intall Ubuntu 10.10 on my Windows XP w/sp3 Machine for a dual-boot config. I've done this before without issues but want to see what setup is Optimal giving my current disk drives.Here's my current setup in this picture. You can see I have my windows on Disk0 C: and the other 38GB on this drive Unallocated.
My other 80GB drive has Two 40GB windows file systems but I could erase one of those (Disk I to install Ubuntu on. Does it really matter? From what I recall Grub takes over fine and manages the boot. Thanks for any tips before install. Should I install on Unallocated on Disk0 or free up unallocated space on Disk1 for Install? thx
The ext4 file system creation in partition #1 of Serial ATA RAID isw_fjidifbhi_Volume0 (mirror) failed. Not sure what's wrong? How do I solve this? This happens after I enter my login details and click next. Then it fails on the install screen with this error.
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