Debian :: Swapping Hard-drives With Identical Motherboards
Jul 7, 2011
I have two servers (A and B) which are identical. My idea was to have a software RAID 1 with both of them running and if server A craps out I wanted to swap the hard drives from server B into server A. When I tried to test this idea the network driver doesn't seem to want to cooperate. ifconfig gives nothing and I can't figure out why. From googling I've read that a network card has a unique ID on it (I'm assuming their talking about the MAC address) and is used in some config files which is why swapping hard drives gives two different MAC addresses and confuses the system. If that is so would anyone know exactly what config files the mac address is stored/used in? That way I can make a backup of those files and swap those out if I ever need to swap out the hard drives.
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Jan 12, 2010
I have two identical 73 GB Scsi ulta320 scsi drives, Fedora web server is install on one drive with all web files and etc. I wish to make an exact clone of the drive that will boot and run everything as the current drive does now. Is there a download of a program I could download or purchase that would boot and make an exact clone to do the above.
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Jan 25, 2011
I've got 4 identical 1 TB drives and would like to use them in a software RAID configuration on my home server. I'm running Debian Linux using 'mdadm' utility to manage the software RAID. I don't know how much I've read is fact or dated or even false so I decided I would ask here to get help from people who know more about this than I do. This is essentially just a file server machine to store all my data so being that I've got four identical SATA hard drives, I was thinking about doing RAID level 5. I guess I'll start here and ask if that is the recommended level of RAID. I think RAID level 5 will be fine for my general server usage. My second issue is partitioning the four individual drives to get maximum performance / space from them. Basically just asking here how would you or you recommend I partition the drives? I was thinking about doing three seperate partitions per drive:
/dev/sda1 = 4 GB (swap)/dev/sda2 = 1 GB (/boot)/dev/sda3 = 995 GB (/)Now from that partition schema above, obviously all the types will be 'fd' for RAID and the partition for /boot is going to be bootable. My confusion is that I read Grub doesn't support booting from RAID 5 since Grub can't handle disk assembly. If /dev/sdx2 (sda2, sdb2, sdc2, sdd2) are partitioned for /boot (bootable), how would you guys configure this RAID to match up equally? I don't think I do a RAID level 1 on 4 identical partitions, right?
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Sep 3, 2010
How do I boot with two identical drives? I have two identical Western Digital WD6400AAKS SATA-II 7200 rpm 640 GB hard drives. One of the drives is an internal drive on one machine. The second is available with a mobile drive bay. I can't boot the system with both drives installed. The kernel boots fine but then halts when handing off to init. The error message is:
Warning: unable to open an initial console
...
Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found. Try passing init= option to kernel.
I can place the mobile drive in a different system that does not have the same drive installed and that system will boot fine from either drive. I'm reasonably certain the problem is caused by the two drives being so identical. I suspect the problem is the kernel cannot distinguish the difference. The model numbers are identical. No, I don't have other SATA drives to use. I am not using raid. The BIOS is not configured to use raid. How do I boot with two identical drives?
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May 21, 2009
I have built a CentOS machine just for playing around with and learning, however for the last few days I have had a couple of disk errors. So I want to replace it with another, and retain the data. I'm fairly new to Linux, but figured you could just image all partitions to another drive, so I tried this with Ghost 11. It imaged OK, but wouldn't boot - it went straight into Grub. What do I do here?
The original disk is just an 80gb IDE, the replacement disk is a 40gb IDE. I made sure it was in the same position on the IDE channel when attempting to boot from the new one (primary).I used Ghost to resize the partition down so that all partitions fitted onto the newer smaller disk.I didn't have much time to investigate further last night, so is it recoverable from the Grub prompt or have I gone about this the wrong way? Should I try using CloneZilla, or PING or should Ghost be able to cope?
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May 20, 2015
I'm trying to install jessie on a new computer, but the installer does not see the hard drives. I copied the DVD-1 iso to a usb stick with dd (also tried the netinstall) and it boots, but when I get to partitioning, it only sees the usb drive. If I go to another virtual console and run dmesg or fdisk -l, all drives are seen correctly.
Back up a little - at first I tried the on-board raid, but when the installer couldn't see the drives, I went back into the bios and reset the sata mode to ahci. I've got it set to use bios/legacy OS, or whatever it's called, fast boot is disabled. Even if only one drive is connected, the debian installer does not see it. Then I read up on the fake raid I was trying to use and decided to go with software raid. Can't do that if there's no hard drives listed in the partitioner.
My own installer (refractainstaller) does work, and I've installed jessie with it a couple of times onto one drive, but I really wanted to use raid and lvm, and my installer doesn't do either of those things. No optical drive, but if that's the only way to install, I'll pull the one from my current box and use it for the install. I think I still have a blank CD or DVD lying around.
Hardware:
ASUS H97-PLUS LGA 1150
Intel core i3 (the cheapest one at newegg)
WD Black 1TB drives (2)
GSkill cheap memory, which already passed a memtest.
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Dec 28, 2015
I am trying to switch over my NAS from Win7 x64 to Debian 8.x Jessie. I have run into a few issues with the power management. When Idle my NAS should be consuming 25W, however it was consuming much more. The more hard disks I mounted, the higher the wattage.
I have followed a few tutorials but that has only been a partial succes.
Code: Select all # hdparm -C /dev/sd[b-y]
/dev/sdb:
drive state is: active/idle
/dev/sdc:
drive state is: active/idle
/dev/sdd:
drive state is: standby
/dev/sde:
drive state is: active/idle
/dev/sdf:
drive state is: standby
All the drives can spindown but they are not doing that now that they are mounted.
hdparm:
Code: Select all/dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103UJ_S13PJ9AQC12015 {
apm = 127
keep_features_over_reset = on
spindown_time = 60
[Code]....
Now there are two suggestions I found but both I was unable to implement.
The first suggestion was to mount using "noatime". However I do not know how to rewrite fstab because I am using ntfs for now (at least untill I get it working).
Code: Select all# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
#
/dev/mapper/bugattidebian--vg-root / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
[Code] .....
Not sure where to add the noatime there...
Also I am using samba on all those drives. This guide suggested a code change but the example does not line up with my configuration script.
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Dec 20, 2010
How to mount multiple external HDD's. I'd like to link or mount the music, torrents, and general files from several external hard drives and apply permissions (in some cases I only want the mount or link to be read only).
My setup:
- Seagate Dockstar running Debian squeeze (it's headless so I don't have a gui running)
- Two external HDD's with one partition on each (250GB and 400GB)
What I'd like to accomplish:
1. Mount the external HDD's to /media/HDDs as read/write (this is already working using udev and autofs and it's available in samba)
2. I'd like the MUSIC directories on both external HDD's to show up under the same mount point. In other words I want the MUSIC folders (from both HDD's) to appear as one large library of music. And I only want this to be readonly. It will be used as the library for mpd and/or squeezebox.
3. Mount a directory used to download torrents to. I'll probably pick on HDD as the target for torrent dowloads. But let me know if you have any other ideas regarding this.
Since I have the first one done, how would I accomplish 2 & 3?
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Aug 5, 2011
I have searched for this but can not find it. I want to install debian 6.0 squeeze on to both of my hard drives and run each as a seperate instance of debian, and be able to choose at boot up which one I want to run. I have an HP with 2 500 gig hard drives, running windows vista currently, processor is an intell quad 2 core 6600, nothing else on the pc for programs and such at this time. I would also like to keep the windows if possible to run other programs at a later time.
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Jan 19, 2016
I am currently thinking about moving my debian install onto another more powerful motherboard/processor/ram amount. My question is how difficult will the move be?
I have done some reading on cloning and or moving. It seems like moving is the best bet,
[URL]
It looks like its as simple as moving the harddrive. But what about multiple hardrives with LVM set up? I also realize I will probably have to find the network drivers for the new motherboard. There's probably other drivers that will need to be installed as well. What would need to be configured in terms of VM set up?
The former set up is,
Asus MB with i3 and 8GB of ram 3 hard drives
VLM set up
samba server for the local windows machines
Virtual Box with one VM - Win 7
SNTP server set up to serve the home network.
SSH with keys
VirtualBox PHP
Transmission for torrents
Plex and Subsonic (for remote streaming), other assorted packages
New Set up is,
Intel mobo with i5 and 16 GB of ram
-I would literally be moving the hard drives into this computer
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Sep 16, 2015
I have an HP Elitebook 8540w with 500gb hdd running win7.I plan to replace my blue-ray drive with an ssd using a hhd caddy. The problem is that i want to keep my first hdd (win7) as it is, and install on the new ssd 2 operating systems:win10 and debian 8.
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Feb 10, 2011
I just switched to Debian 6 from Mepis 8.5. When Debian loads, it doesn't recognize or mount my external hard drives.
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Jan 15, 2010
As you are probably aware that WD released new drives ranging from 1TB to 2TB with native support for 4K sector size. And as most of stuff written online is regarding Windows and their support for 4K, my question is has anyone already started to use it under linux?
[url]
[url]
I'm thinking about getting one of these drives:
1TB WD10EARS
or
1.5TB WD15EARS
I'm using Debian Lenny so my questions are: is fdisk automatically recognizes that that drive is 4K drive, or it totally ignores it and partition is as 512byte one? In windows if no 4K support is available it would emulate it and performance would be downgraded. Do I need to enable any specific components in kernel so 4K drive is supported? I wanted to make sure there would be no data loss if I select 4K partition type.
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Mar 30, 2011
I choose the drive to boot to from the computer Bios. When i boot into Windows my clock time changes, about 5 hours.I have another computer with Ubuntu 10.10 installed, but it will not install on this computer, Debian Did. Ubuntu gave me a command to fix this and it worked. However the Debian computer will not accept that command, Which is open a terminal from the menu applications accessories and type gksudo gedit /ect/defaults/rcs in this configuration change the row UTC set it as:UTC=no save and reboot and then set the clock. [It was set to yes]
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Mar 26, 2011
I am building a home server that will host a multitude of files; from mp3s to ebooks to FEA software and files. I don't know if RAID is the right thing for me. This server will have all the files that I have accumulated over the years and if the drive fails than I will be S.O.L. I have seen discussions where someone has RAID 1 setup but they don't have their drives internally (to the case), they bought 2 separate external hard drives with eSata to minimize an electrical failure to the drives. (I guess this is a good idea)I have also read about having one drive then using a second to rsync data every week. I planned on purchasing 2 enterprise hard drives of 500 MB to 1 GB but I don't have any experience with how I should handle my data
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Jul 5, 2011
I have Fedora 14 installed on my main internal drive. I have one Fedora 14 and one Fedora 15 installed on two separate USB drives.When I boot into any of these drives, I can't access any of the other hard drives from the other drivesll I can, but just the boot partitions.Is there any way of mounting the other partitions so I can access the information?---------- Post added at 12:42 PM ---------- Previous post was at 09:34 AM ----------I guess even an explanation on why I can't view them would be good too.
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Aug 23, 2010
I have a SATA drive that worked fine. Then I installed two more hard drives into my system. When these hard drives are installed, if I try to access the SATA drive in Linux, it will start lightly clicking and then the drive will become unavailable. If I power on the machine without the other two hard drives then it works fine. What could be causing this to happen? I don't think it's heat because the two hard drives are far away from the SATA drive.
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Jul 15, 2011
I'm in the process of swapping out my current HDD with a SSD. Are there any configurations that need to be made after a fresh install? If anyone currently have SSD and running linux, I'd like to here your experience and whether or not you have/had issues.
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Apr 20, 2011
I've been following grub-common bug #606845 and in coming to a solution for the issue, these guys are using dd as a brute force means of swapping out master boot records or trampling them, if you prefer. (Background: The issue is related to grub and certain xp installations)
An sample snip of code:
dd if=/mbrxp.bin of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1
1) Is mbrxp.bin a back-up of the mbr taken before installation of squeeze (or grub in general)?
2) Am I fubar if I didn't make a back-up of the mbr before installing grub?
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Feb 24, 2010
For a good while I used the following code to swap caps lock and escape, which is very beneficial to me as I have vim-like keybindings in most of the apps that I use:remove Lock = Caps_Lock
add Lock = Escape
keysym Caps_Lock = Escape
keysym Escape = Caps_Lock
followed by xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap, which I got from http://vim.wikia.com
/wiki/Map_caps_lock_to_escape_in_XWindows. However, after a recent Debian upgrade with aptitude, this stopped working - or, it does work poorly, in that caps lock toggles caps lock and acts as escape, so I have to press it twice all the time. Is there a better way to do this with X, since my solution stopped working?
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Aug 3, 2011
I have a PC104 running debian. I have 3 hard drives (in addition to the one booting) mounted in fstab by UUID. I use the options defaults,error=remount-ro. However, this means that when I boot with the hard drives not attached, I have to press Ctrl-D to bypass when the boot discovers the drives are missing. Is there a timeout commandoption I can add to fstab so that it automatically continues booting even if the hard drives are not attached? I could not find anything on a timeout command. (I tried adding timeout=1000 but no-random guess)
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Sep 2, 2015
Just installed Debian 8, coming from Ubuntu12, it seems I cannot get my dual monitors to work as it should.
I want two monitors side by side, currently I have two identical outputs. I looked around a bit and register two possible problems.
root@bigcem101-debian:/home/bigcem101# xrandr
xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default
Screen 0: minimum 640 x 400, current 1024 x 768, maximum 1024 x 768
default connected primary 1024x768+0+0 0mm x 0mm
1024x768 0.00*
800x600 0.00
640x480 0.00
720x400 0.00
Hence, problem 1: it is as if there is only one monitor detected. Then I tried to look for Xorg.conf ..... and: problem 2 xorg.conf is not there. This seems to be normal but when I installed my Ubuntu years ago it was still there and one could manually set things. There must be something new I am missing.
Card:
VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RV670 [Radeon HD 3690/3850]
It seems I have both ati and radeon installed.
root@bigcem101-debian:/home/bigcem101# X -configure
(EE)
Fatal server error:
(EE) Server is already active for display 0
I am clueless.
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Oct 24, 2010
I am setting up 4 laptops that are all the same make and model with 64bit squeeze.What is the best way to setup the master laptop? LVM?
Once the master is all configured how we need, what is the best way to clone it to the other laptops? Once all the laptops are cloned what is the best way to refresh or update the other laptops from the master laptop?
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Jan 3, 2016
I have a Jessie with grub2. I've bought ssd and copied root partition onto it. I've also installed grub on this disc. I would like to have dual boot:
- First option: old root booted from hdd
- second option: boot from copied ssd and use root from it.
So i would have two identical but independent configurations.
Both disc has different uids (changed after cloning).
I had a hope that i will change fstab to mount root partition from ssd, but it doesn't work. I need to change grub configuration, but how to add new position?
There is also problem that bios doesn't allow me to choose disc to boot from. So i would rather prefer to change grub configuration for dual boot from different disc.
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Apr 4, 2010
why my Linux Debian 5.0 with Optimized Kernel 2.6.33.1-rt11 for HLDS 1000hz (1000FPS) is swaping 2MB, that RAM is 2GB free?? Check picture [URL]
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Feb 4, 2016
I had problems with the system not reading the monitor EDID and have fixed the problem by adding an override file in xorg.conf.d and all of that seems to be working well (although the system has not failed to read the EDID since I implemented the override. go figure).
The thing that I am wondering about is something I see in the Xorg log file. At the end of the log file, after everything seems to be configured, there are six (6) identical blocks of information regarding the EDID and modeline settings. Is this normal or is X stuck in some kind of loop? Everything is working and I am not waiting an inordinate amount of time to log on, or after. Just curious. Here is the log file.
Code: Select all[ 15.848]
X.Org X Server 1.12.4
Release Date: 2012-08-27
[ 15.848] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[ 15.848] Build Operating System: Linux 3.2.0-4-amd64 i686 Debian
[ 15.848] Current Operating System: Linux JohnBoy 3.2.0-4-686-pae #1 SMP Debian 3.2.73-2+deb7u2 i686
[ 15.848] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-686-pae root=UUID=5c593049-113a-44f6-87fd-511b71461dde ro quiet
[ 15.848] Build Date: 09 February 2015 10:12:47AM
[Code] .....
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Jun 9, 2011
so I setup a raid ten system and I was wondering what that difference between the active and spare drives is ? if I have 4 active drives then 2 the two stripes are then mirrored right?
root@wolfden:~# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid10]
md1 : active raid10 sda2[0] sdd2[3] sdc2[2] sdb2[1]
[code]....
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Aug 10, 2010
I have a Centos 5.5 system with 2* 250 gig sata physical drives, sda and sdb. Each drive has a linux raid boot partition and a Linux raid LVM partition. Both pairs of partitions are set up with raid 1 mirroring. I want to add more data capacity - and I propose to add a second pair of physical drives - this time 1.5 terabyte drives presumably sdc and sdd. I assume I can just plug in the new hardware - reboot the system and set up the new partitions, raid arrays and LVMs on the live system. My first question:
1) Is there any danger - that adding these drives to arbitrary sata ports on the motherboard will cause the re-enumeration of the "sdx" series in such a way that the system will get confused about where to find the existing raid components and/or the boot or root file-systems? If anyone can point me to a tutorial on how the enumeration of the "sdx" sequence works and how the system finds the raid arrays and root file-system at boot time
2) I intend to use the majority of the new raid array as an LVM "Data Volume" to isolate "data" from "system" files for backup and maintenance purposes. Is there any merit in creating "alternate" boot partitions and "alternate" root file-systems on the new drives so that the system can be backed up there periodically? The intent here is to boot from the newer partition in the event of a corruption or other failure of the current boot or root file-system. If this is a good idea - how would the system know where to find the root file-system if the original one gets corrupted. i.e. At boot time - how does the system know what root file-system to use and where to find it?
3) If I create new LVM /raid partitions on the new drives - should the new LVM be part of the same "volgroup" - or would it be better to make it a separate "volgroup"? What are the issues to consider in making that decision?
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Nov 20, 2009
I am looking to build a high end workstation (as against a high end gaming configuration). Wondering if anyone has good (or bad) stories about Gigabyte GA-MA790XT-UD4P or Gigabyte GA-MA790GPT-UD3H
Configuration 1
Motherboard - Gigabyte GA-MA790XT-UD4P, AMD 790X, AM3, PCI-E 2.0 (x16), DDR3 1666(OC), SATA 3Gb/s, SATA RAID, ATX CPU - AMD Phenom II X4 955 Black Edition 3.2 GHz Socket AM3 8MB Cache Retail Boxed Processor RAM - 2 x 2GB DDR3 (not worked out which model, config, spec, one that'll go with overclocking.
[Code]....
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Jan 13, 2010
I am building new AMD PC and done lot of research on motherboards, now I am getting confused with the two motherboards, ASUS and Gigabyte..I am searching for a board with no integrated VGA and no SLI with 5.1 audio, good price.I heard that some motherboards of Gigabyte caught fire.
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