Debian Configuration :: CPU Does Not Scale Down When Under Low Load
Dec 28, 2015
I would like my CPU to be overclocked, while retaining frequency scaling capabilities. The CPU is a Core2 Quad Q6700, with a stock speed of 2.67 GHz. In my BIOS, I can manually increase the FSB, but if SpeedStep (EIST) is enabled, the increased FSB is ignored by Linux, and the max speed remains 2.67 GHz. If I disable SpeedStep, then the CPU successfully runs at the higher speed I would expect, but does not scale down when under low load. As it is now, I am only running it at 2.8 GHz.Does CPUFreq *require* SpeedStep to be enabled in the BIOS?
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Oct 16, 2015
I'm trying to set load balancing over 2 ISP link on a router / firewall running Debian Jessie.
There are iptables rules for balancing and forwarding:
Code: Select alliptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j CONNMARK --restore-mark
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m mark ! --mark 0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -j MARK --set-mark 10
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m statistic --mode random --probability 0.5 -j MARK --set-mark 20
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -i $wan1 -j MARK --set-mark 10
[Code] .....
There are iproute2 rules:
Code: Select allip route add 172.20.0.0/24 dev eth0 src 172.20.0.150 table WAN1
ip route add default via 172.20.0.254 table WAN1
ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 dev eth1 src 192.168.0.150 table WAN2
ip route add default via 192.168.0.254 table WAN2
[Code] ....
The packets marked as 20, theoretically routed via table WAN2 via 192.168.0.254, are lost.
The WAN2 gateway is working if I set as default without balancing.
I disabled the rp_filter module on all interfaces and I installed xtables-addons-dkms.
I also try this but I had trouble with forwarded connexions.
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Sep 21, 2015
I have PCI-device and driver for it - tmk1553b.ko
The problem is to make this device work i have to open terminal after system starts and write
Code: Select allcd /path/to/driver
sudo insmod ./tmk1553b.ko d0=1 t0="TAI" misc=1
But idea is that this PC will work without operator so driver must be loaded automatically. As i realized the solution is to make script but when i try google it shows me how and where to put this script but not how to make it. Also i've tried to put tmk1553b.ko to /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-686/kernel/drivers/misc but it doesn't work.
Debian 6.0.10 (squeeze)
Kernel 2.6.32-5-686
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Dec 16, 2015
I have recently rented a VPS server so I can run a VPN. Unfortunately, I did not get far in this [URL] ....., I have encountered this error:
Code: Select allxaver@xaver:/$ sudo modprobe tun
ERROR: could not insert 'tun': Unknown symbol in module, or unknown parameter (see dmesg)
So I googled this error and found this: [URL] ....., however response of mine VPS was:
Code: Select allxaver@xaver:/$ ls /lib/modules/uname -r /kernel/drivers/net/tun.*
ls: cannot access /lib/modules/uname: No such file or directory
ls: cannot access /kernel/drivers/net/tun.*: No such file or directory
Code: Select allxaver@xaver:/$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Debian
Description: Debian GNU/Linux 7.9 (wheezy)
Release: 7.9
Codename: wheezy
xaver@xaver:/$ uname -a
Linux xaver 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.57-3+deb7u1 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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Mar 8, 2011
I have happily been booting debian through grub2 by chain loading it with efi (rEFIt), until today, and now get to begin another learning experience I've been using linux for a while, and kept seeing the guides for splitting up /, /var, /tmp, /usr, and /home, into different partitions, so I did just that when I switched from Ubuntu to Debian (I've realized that this was a little bit pointless because I formated them all as ext4, but at least it acts as a safety for mission critical drives when I overfill /home. I unfortunately didn't give /tmp enough space, and it kept crashing SimpleScan so I decided to use gparted to resize it.
The operation went alright as far as I can tell, and was straight forward because there was some free space behind it so I only had to append the partition. I synced the master boot record through rEFIt as usual, but when I booted the linux partition grub did load, and only a blank screen is presented. I eventually figured out I could use the gparted live cd to boot back into debian, and have been screwing around for a while with grub commands trying to figure out how to allow rEFIt to successfully boot GRUB on its own again. I ran grug-mkconfig to replace my /boot/grub/grub.cfg file and have rebooted but that did not help.
I tried reinstalling grub and grub-common with apt-get, but I didn't purge configuration settings for fear of losing something important. My current focus is on the command grub-install. I think i just need to run this command with the /boot device, like su - root; grub-install /dev/sda1 or some thing like that. wipe out the MBR on /dev/sda1, or screw up what good configuration is left in grub, so I want to make sure that I'm using the right /dev. Currently the gparted output looks like this:
/dev/sda1: fat32 - GPT (gpt from fdisk, gparted shows EFI with the boot flag)
/dev/sda2: hfs+ - MacOSx
/dev/sda3: ext4 - /root
[code]...
how the gnome live gparted disk would have been able to boot. I have access to a hard drive so I'll probably end up making backup images of as many of the partitions as I can, and then try more drastic bashing around, but if anyone has any suggestions/wisdom they could offer while I'm researching solutions I'd appreciate it. I eventually want to try to axe my osx partition and boot directly from GRUB2-EFI so I figure it is worth the investment in time to get to know grub a little bit more intimately.
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Jul 7, 2015
After a hiatus I found my machine to be down, but upon turning it on I get significant errors and dropped into emergency mode (see below). This machine wasn't very up-to-date to begin with, so I'm having difficulty determining the order in which to proceed. A couple naive checks and updates on my part are not working. The file system appears to be intact enough to "cd" around and "ls" to see that my files are all (seemingly) there. But the kernel modules aren't loading which is, you know, a problem.
The state I find it in is that it will begin booting to Linux 3.2 (which I know is no longer supported in testing, see below where I tried to update to 3.16), but fails quickly and puts me into emergency mode
Loading, please wait...
megasas: INIT adapter done
systemd[1]: Failed to insert module 'autofs4'
systemd[1]: Failed to open /dev/autofs: No such file or directory
systemd[1]: Failed to initialize automounter: No such file or directory
systemd[1]: Failed to set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
...Then several drives show up as clean....
Running "journalctl -xb" shows that it can't mount the module even though it's there on the disk:
... systemd-modules-load[259]: could not open moddep file '/lib/modules/3.2.0-4-amd64/modules.dep.bin'
... systemd-modules-load[259]: Failed to lookup alias 'firewire-sbp2': Function not implemented
... systemd-modules-load[259]: could not open modeep file '/lib/modules/3.2.0-4-amd64/modules.dep.bin'
... systemd-modules-load[259]: Failed to lookup alias 'loop': Function not implemented
And yet, if I 'ls' that modules.dep.bin file, it's right where it's supposed to be, for the appropriate architecture and everything.
After that (in the journalctl output), it shows several things start up, but systemd-modules-load.service fails:
.. systemd[1]: systemd-modules-load.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
.. systemd[1]: systemd-modules-load.service: Failed to start Load Kernel Modules
...and lots of things fail from systemd-udevd: failed to execute '/lib/udev/socket:@/org/freedesktop/hal/udev_ev_event': No such file directory.
"uname -a" shows
Linux <my hostname> 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.32-1 x86_64 GNU/Linux
I tried updating via apt to the Linux 3.16.0 kernel, but grub wasn't finding it in a way that effects the boot process, and no appropriate "vmlinuz-" file appears with the others on the boot partition. So, I tried switching to grub2 but the update-grub command produces many errors.... For now, grub2 still (attempts to) load the old kernel (3.2) with the same results as I was getting with the old grub-legacy.
Regarding the module-loading features, running "lsmod" shows about 30 lines:
Module
ext3
mbcache
jbd
dm_mod
usbhid
hid
[Code] ....
...I'm at the limit of what I know to check and/or try.
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Mar 14, 2016
I built a kernel-module for a new usb wifi-card. This worked well and resulted in a 8821au.ko-file. But now I'm trying to load this kernel module since half an hour and it doesn't work. I copied the ko-file into /lib/modules/3.16.0-4-amd64/kernel/drivers/edimax. If I just type
Code: Select allsudo modprobe 8821au
I get a
Code: Select allmodprobe: FATAL: Module 8821au not found..
But if I enter the full path inside the /lib/modules/3.16.0-4-amd64-folder:
Code: Select allsudo modprobe -v ./kernel/drivers/edimax/8821au.ko
it seems to work:
Code: Select allbuiltin ./kernel/drivers/edimax/8821au.ko.
But lsmod doesn't show me the module after that.
I also added
Code: Select all./kernel/drivers/edimax/8821au.ko
to /etc/modules but this also doesn't seem to work. When booting I get an error-message, but it's too fast to read it and I can't find the right log-file, where the booting-part with the "[ OK ]"-messages is reported.
So my driver is ready, the onliest thing which I can't get working is loading it as a kernel-module.
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Nov 22, 2010
I have installed splashy from sid. Rest of the system is squeeze, and put the parameter "vga=791 splash quiet" in the kernel parameter...
Unfortunately this is not working properly. It does load the splash image as intended, but it then just hangs here, and does not load the OS unless I press enter. (I asume that something is hangning, but I cannot see the shell from here, and ctrl+f2-f6 is not working so I cannot get to any tty).
Then after boot, I can only see the / partition. But not /home. Duing a fdisk -l shows up the partitions, so they are there, just not mounted at boot?
If I press F2 at boot, before the image shows up, it does actually boot without any issues at all. It must be something with the image loading that is causing this.
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Jan 22, 2011
I installed squeeze 2 or 3 weeks ago. When I run aptitude update in the terminal, it looks for me to load a cd. What's that about? see below
debian@dell:~$ su
Password:
root@dell:/home/debian# aptitude update
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Squeeze_ - Official Snapshot amd64 kde-CD Binary-1 20110110-07:46] squeeze Release.gpg
[Code].....
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Jan 31, 2011
A little background: CCNA and A+ I have preformed this task on Cisco routers Linux for 5+ years, mostly with Debian (mostly casual, a few production situations) I need to setup a linux box with Load Balancing over a cable line 8mb down, 1mb up connection and a T1 line. If this isn't possible, at the very least I need Failover (which I have admittedly not researched as fully.) I know Failover is possible, but I would really love to double my upload bandwidth as we host a small website here. Is load balancing over uneven connections possible on Debian?
Side question: If I host a website, when users connect and get responses over 2 Public IP's, what would be the reaction on the users side? Would it get filtered and or blocked by a firewall?
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Aug 13, 2011
My university has a secure wireless network that has the following specs: WPA2, 1st Authentication TTLS, 2nd Authentication PAP, Encryption CCMP or AES, Thawte_Premium_Server_CA certificate and username and password.
I have never gotten this to work with wicd. First of all, wicd does not have a default template for this configuration. This led me in the past to quickly install Network-Manager (on top of XFCE...). While this has worked for me just fine. Recently I found out that this functionality is possible in wicd by creating your own template. So I did and here it is!
name = WPA2 Enterprise TTLS
author = Andres Cimmarusti
version = 1
[code]....
I did everything outlined here: [URL] (that is I saved the file as wpa2-ttls and then added this entry to the active file in /etc/wicd/encryption/templates/).
Sadly wicd's gui does not load my template!, the logs show no errors!...it simply refuses to take it. I cannot see any mistake in the above... do you?Is this some debian bug perhaps?This is the most important issue for me, before accepting to use wicd instead of NM.
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Jun 11, 2010
Any attempt to load a webpage gives a Cannot Resolve Hostname error. i can ping [URL], but cannot load the page. However, the page will load by typing its IP address [URL] I have been trying to figure this out for days. cat /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 192.168.1.254
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Jul 14, 2015
I installed linux-image-4.1.0-trunk, when I boot into the kernel there's no wireless available. Dmesg indicates seems like the firmware is loaded, although firmware-iwlwifi is installed:
...
[ 11.047031] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: firmware: failed to load iwlwifi-7265D-13.ucode (-2)
[ 11.047039] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-7265D-13.ucode failed with error -2
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Aug 27, 2015
Built a machine w/ i5-4440 & gtx 960. I installed xserver-xorg-video-intel & xserver-xorg-video-nouveau. Xorg -configure fails, so I added xorg.conf I found online, makes no difference. xrandr can't open display. startx of course fails.
Backstory: My plan was to dual boot sid + stable as fallback with shared partition. First installed stable and whether connected to mobo or gfx card, I couldn't get login on tty, it would just hang on errors. So I installed sid (this time using lvm to hopefully make partitioning easier) and while I get the "failed to load nouveau" errors on mobo, gfx card gives me a login screen.
uname -a
Code: Select allLinux 4.1.0-2-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.1.6-1 (2015-08-23) x86_64 GNU/Linux
lspci | grep VGA
Code: Select all00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM206 [GeForce GTX 960] (rev a1)
[Code] .....
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Mar 28, 2016
I am in serious situation involving PPTP protocol VPN in Debian 8 Jessie stable. I recently became a paid VPN subscriber. Using PPTP; Is there a way to automatically route all traffic through ppp0? Im getting the vpn service killed (ip address goes back to normal unmasked state) whenever there is a power outage (modem reset) and there are alot of those where I live, Im going to get astabilizer and I need a software solution for the situation as well. Theres gotta be a way to route all traffic through the VPN route ppp0 . I tried adding persist and maxfail 0 to the pptp config file but it did not do what i wanted.
Here's my peer configuration file :
pty "pptp blabla.net --nolaunchpppd"
name blablabla
password blablabla
remotename PPTP
file /etc/ppp/options.pptp
require-mppe-128
refuse-eap noauth
persist
maxfail 0
On a second note, its clear to add that I basically need a way to also auto load the line
pppd call blabla.net
and
route add default dev ppp0
On system startup by default so the computer does not use "Wired" connection ^at all^ when not through ppp0. Any other way of not losing VPN anonymity ever due to hardware malfunction.
Is there a way to do this? Ive looked on the net and everything seems like its either from the nineties or can fry my pc , Im no debian expert, less than a year at linux..
Need it to use wired only if ppp0 is being used so if its no vpn, no connection at all period,
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Jan 22, 2010
My problem is that it won't load the dkms module and Virtualbox will not run.
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May 14, 2011
My problem is that my debian in hard drive 1 wont load, gives me a fatal error.
This is my computer:
Hard drive 1 (1TB): broken debian 333gb, windows7 666GB (approximately)
Hard drive 2 (250GB): debian (working fine, im using it now).
Details: I tried to install some webcam software thing and I think somehow i deleted some system files... ...So now when I start my computer, grub loads and i choose Debian on hard drive 1,i click it but when it goes through the list of things, it says
FATAL ERROR /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-amd64/kernel/fs/fuse/fuse.ko: No such file or directory
And it just goes to a blank screen with a blinking cursor.
Now that's not all. I did something else wrong... I ran Gparted from a usb stick to create an extra partition on hard drive 1 because i was trying to install another linux on it or something so I can access my computer.
But, when I tried to shrink it and create an extra partition on the disk of about 150gb, it was taking so long and i read that it may take about 40 hours, so i turned it off after a few hours. So, I may have created more problems than my original problem.... I can still boot into Windows 7 though.
So now i have:
Hard drive 1 (1TB): broken debian about 120gb, windows7 666gb (approximately), free partition
Hard drive 2 (250GB): debian (working fine, im using it now).
Also, of interest: When I look at the folders of the messed up debian, there is nothing in the /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-amd64/kernel folder. Empty.
So basically. my problem is that I get the fatal error, and then maybe i create some extra problem by stopping the partitioning when it wasnt done. so please help me try to fix the fatal error first
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Mar 20, 2010
I have apache running on my server, and also Zoneminder, a surveillance system running on the same machine. Both services runs without glitches, and I think apache's config as well as ZM's config are fine. I am not sure I understand how apache (not to mention the whole thing zoneminder, apache, web browser...) works. Pretty hard to manage when you dont know what you are doing. Also, when I try the supposed to work zoneminder webpage in my web browser, I get nothing (a blank page), or sometimes a "Not found" error message. The latest seems to be from apache because it is the same font as the "It works!" message when I try http://localhost:80
The only bit of information I have so far is in the apache error log (/var/log/httpd/error_log) and it says:
Code:
[Sun Mar 21 00:35:14 2010] [error] [client 192.168.0.100] script '/srv/httpd/htdocs/zm.php' not found or unable to stat
[Sun Mar 21 00:46:04 2010] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: /srv/httpd/htdocs/zm
It seems that the "zm.php" is missing.... That would be why Apache cant find the page?
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Nov 23, 2010
i have centos 5 running with apache, mysql, php and phpmyadmin. phpadmin is working well but it is showing the following error on the page:- Cannot load mcrypt extension. Please check your PHP configuration.i just try to install mcrypt but it is asking for required dependencies libmcrypt.
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Aug 10, 2010
I just installed CentOS 5.5 on my machine and the installation appeared to complete successfully (it said it was successful). When I rebooted and tried to get into my new CentOS, my system completely locked up during the startup. According to the progress bar, it got stuck on the first-run configuration. I have not yet been able to boot into the OS. I am attempting to create a dual-boot system. I already have Windows XP installed on a separate hard drive. The GRUB loader works fine and I can choose either OS to boot into, it's just the CentOS won't finish booting. Windows is completely unaffected.Since I'm assuming the problem stems from the installation, I'll list the steps I followed.
1. Obtained the .iso image from a network drive at work (I am installing on my work machine). The image is dated May 17, 2010.
2. Burned the image to a DVD.
3. Booted from the DVD and chose to install using the graphical interface.
4. Checked the DVD. The installer verified that CentOS could be installed from it.
5. Picked my installation and keyboard languages.
6. Chose to create a custom layout for my partitions. On my second hard drive, I created the following partitions:
- Swap (8196MB, twice my system RAM)
- ext3 (100MB, mounted to /boot)
- ext3 (remaining drive space, mounted to /)
7. Picked my timezone (did not use UTC since Windows will handle setting the system time)
8. Set my root password. You don't get to know ;)
9. Did not choose to install any additional packages besides the KDE desktop. I wasn't sure what I'd need so I checked the option to customize later.
10. The installation than started and 15 minutes later, it told me it had succeeded and to remove the DVD and reboot.
11. Upon rebooting, I let the GRUB loader boot into CentOS (side note, I'd prefer if Windows was the default OS but that's something I should be able to Google on my own).
12. The startup looks like it's going fine until it gets to the first-run configuration, at which point the entire system locks up and requires a hard reboot. I've tried several times since and it always locks up at the same point.
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Dec 2, 2009
I have a Fedora 12 system that I am trying to configure with 3 IP addresses on one NIC card. I created scripts for each of the connections I want in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ and they are called ifcfg-eth0, ifcfg-eth0:1, ifcfg-eth0:2. If I run /sbin/services network restart it configures everything as I would like. When I restart the computer the only device configured is eth0 and it is set to DHCP. If I run the script again everything works. What am I missing to make this change persistent?
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Jul 5, 2010
Was wondering if its possible to scale ubuntu theme/environment to suite 1920x1080. Im using my comp on a 42" plasma TV, and it gets kinda small with the default scale.
Don't want to change to a lower res, simple because it's not as pretty and the toolbars are almost hidden.
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Oct 24, 2010
Running Ubuntu 10.10..When you activate expose you see all your virtual desktops, but in each one the windows are overlaid. I want it to scale (ie show all windows on a grid) in each virtual desktop in the expose view. Does anyone know how to activate the scale plugin while in expose?
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Apr 18, 2010
how to fix the CPU Frequency Monitor 0.4.0~rc2 for AWN 0.4.0~rc2-rewrite-bzr674-karmic1-1 so that you can actually scale CPU frequencies?
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Sep 1, 2011
what is the best way to scale up server set up for a high growth site? without getting a heart attack, where you can just open up a beer and watch tv as you push a red button to scale the server. lets assume the site is getting 100,000 people a day.And, in thirty days, it will be getting 9 million people a month, and in a few months it will get 9 million people a day. (I know it is a bit crazy)How would you structure a roll out?
two load balancers, two front end app servers, two database servers, and a cdn.And as traffic builds up, you would up the front end app servers, and maybe add two slave database servers? and maybe replicate the servers to east and the west to serve different parts of the world.What kind of hardware? I know it is a bit weird question, and it matters a lot on app, server hardware, server set up, style, class, lifestyle etc - I just want to see if there are any aha moments and awesome set ups that I am not aware of.
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May 20, 2011
I am using ubuntu 10.04 with kolourpaint 4.4.2.Recently I saw in windows 7 professional that paint program has feature to show grid & scale in centimetre.This is useful in drawing geometric sketch.In my kolourpaint : show grid-ctrl+g in view menu is grayed out. What can I do ?Is there a binary available for latest version ( because compiling from source is tedious ) ?
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May 3, 2010
I can successfully stream video, but I cant figure out how to scale the size of the video down. This is the command I am using to start the stream.
vlc -vvv input_stream --sout '#standard{access=http,mux=ts,dst=server.example.org:1234}'
Is there a way that I can specify the height and with of the stream on the command line? From what I read, it looks like a #transcoder option would work, but I cant seem to figure it out. The above command is working, and I can view the stream, but it's extremely slow, and continuously freezes and buffers. My thinking is that if I can reduce the scale of the video.
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Nov 18, 2010
I am having no luck configuring ProFTPd on a Debian Lenny production server we use to host our MySQL databases and a few websites. I had originally set it up so I could login and manage our internal sites, but I have the need to allow a few clients in to access their sites that we host. I am trying to root the users in their site directory, which would be "/sites/www.whatever.com/".
It just hit me while typing this. Is it possible to create a user without a shell to prevent login via SSH and set the home folder to /sites/whatever instead of /home/username? That would allow me to continue operating with my current configuration and root them in their site while preventing SSH logins.
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Jul 20, 2011
i have a HP MSA 2312fc SAN with 2 LUNs configured. The first LUN (LUN ID 1) is correctly connected to the system, but when i connect the second LUN (LUN ID 30), i find in the syslog this message: multipathd: 8:64: size 6835937472, expected 5267578112. Discard
Here is the multipath.conf
[Code]....
So I correctly see the two luns, but multipath doesn't create the relative devices. Under /dev/mapper I see: control mpath0 mpath0-part1 mpath0-part1 is the first lun, the one I mounted in a directory under filesystem. I can't find the device for the second lun
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Apr 5, 2010
I am *finally* getting around to rebuilding my file-sharing computer. I'll be sharing files with both Linux and Windoze machines. It's a home network, so there's nothing fancy needed. I know I have to tweak my smb.conf file until I'm satisfied with the features and security. I'm using SWAT and I'm starting with a bare-bones conf file. It's not secure but I can see the server and selected files/directories from my other Linux box.
My really dumb question is, do I have to reboot both the server and the client machines every time I change the SAMBA configuration? I thought I just had to stop and restart the SAMBA service in the SWAT software - but then the server disappears from my client. It looks like I need to reboot both machines for the client to see the server.
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