Ubuntu Servers :: Partition RAID Device (MD0) And Then Format It?
Feb 26, 2011
I am finally, and happily ditching Windows IIS, SQL Server, and ASP in favor of LAMP. Not only will I save a bunch of money on operating systems but I've found php and MySQL development to be much faster than their Microsoft counterparts.Currently I have two W2008 and two Ubuntu servers running and doing virtually parallel tasks. I want to can the W2008 machines but I am not 100% sure of my Ubuntu mirrors.Everything seems to be working fine. I've copied tons of data back and forth as a primitive test but sometimes things work fine for all the wrong reasons. Here's where I get confused.
Question 1:Do I need to partition the RAID device (MD0) and then format it?From my experience this is necessary to get the device to mount.
Question 2:In this case was it also necessary to format the individual drive partitions?
Question 3:If I do a daily cat /proc/mdstat is this all I need to do to check the drive status.
Question 4:Is there any other check I can do to assure that the mirrors are created, mounted, and operating correctly?
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Jan 16, 2010
I have three WD 1.5 GB harddrives. 2 of them already in a linear RAID also called Concatenated i think. (the same as JBOD). Can i add the third drive to the RAID without losing data? Update "Using mdadm software raid."
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Jan 29, 2011
I've decided to toy around with LVM and mdadm this weekend. I can get everything working, and all is well, until I restart. After that, I no longer have any /dev/md0 device, which during the auto mount process, causes an error. I've looked through several HOWTOs, as well as the LVM/mdadm man pages, and I believe I've tracked it down to mdadm's "assemble" that is needed (so that LVM can see the md0 device).
Not exactly sure how to go about having this occur during the boot process to ensure that the LVM mapped drive is available for when fstab is read. In case it helps this is a base install of 10.10 server 64. I have four drives, the first is used for the OS and is not in the RAID array (nor LVM). The second and third are RAID1 (/dev/md0) and there is a volume group associated with /dev/md0. The last is a LVM, but not RAID, and it has its own volume group.
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Feb 10, 2010
I currently have 3 drives installed to be used as a file server.
1 holds the Ubuntu OS
The other is the file server drive with 1 additional for backup using raid1.
2 Questions:
1) How do I get to the drive or Raid device to put files on the drive using command line (the 2 drives are sda & sdc that are connected to the raid1 device)?
2) How do I set the path in Samba to connect to this RAID drive.
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Feb 5, 2011
I am trying to create a new mdadm RAID 5 device /dev/md0 across three disks where such an array previously existed, but whenever I do it never recovers properly and tells me that I have a faulty spare in my array. More-specific details below. I recently installed Ubuntu Server 10.10 on a new box with the intent of using it as a NAS sorta-thing. I have 3 HDDs (2 TB each) and was hoping to use most of the available disk space as a RAID5 mdadm device (which gives me a bit less than 4TB.)
I configured /dev/md0 during OS installation across three partitions on the three disks - /dev/sda5, /dev/sdb5 and /dev/sdc5, which are all identical sizes. The OS, swap partition etc. are all on /dev/sda. Everything worked fine, and I was able to format the device as ext4 and mount it. Good so far.
Then I thought I should simulate a failure before I started keeping important stuff on the RAID array - no point having RAID 5 if it doesn't provide some redundancy that I actually know how to use, right? So I unplugged one of my drives, booted up, and was able to mount the device in a degraded state; test data I had put on there was still fine. Great. My trouble began when I plugged the third drive back in and re-booted. I re-added the removed drive to /dev/md0 and recovery began; things would look something like this:
Code:
user@guybrush:~$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active raid5 sdc5[3] sdb5[1] sda5[0]
3779096448 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [UU_]
[Code]...
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Oct 8, 2010
I just built a new 10.04 server. It has a 500Gb drive for the operating system and a 22 Terabyte drive that will be used for data. When I format the data partition, it only shows 2.2Tb available. I have this formatted as ext4. I know there is a 16Tb limit and I am going to repartition my drives, but shouldn't I at least be seeing 16Tb instead of 2.2
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May 13, 2011
I am trying to grow my array to make full use of my drives. I have a raid 6 using mdadm on my home server. The array used to consist of 6 1.5TB drives when it was created. Since then I've been replacing the 1.5TB drives with new 2TB drives. And now I have replaced the last 2 drives.
When I added the first 3 disks I did not use the whole disk for the raid partition but rather made it the same size as the 1.5 partitions. As it turns out this may have been a bad idea. (But it gave me another 3 partitions of 500GB that I turned into 1 disk using mhddfs.)
Now I'm trying to grow the array. I've been testing in a virtual enviroment on how to do it but I cannot find another method than this :
1) fail 1 disk.
2) re-partition the disk with the size of the whole disk.
3) re-add the drive as a spare.
4) start the now degraded array to let it resync.
5) wait quite a while. (aprox 5 hours)
6) start again from step 1 for the other disks.
7) use mdadm with grow command to enlarge the array
use resize2fs to fill array to max size
Now although since this is a raid 6, I keep some redundancy but I still worry about degrading the array so manny times and rebuilding the whole thing. I mean I read the thing out 3 or 4 times over doing this.
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Sep 1, 2011
Quote:
EFI GUID Partition support works on both 32bit and 64bit platforms. You must include GPT support in kernel in order to use GPT. If you don't include GPT support in Linux kernel, after rebooting the server, the file system will no longer be mountable or the GPT table will get corrupted. By default Redhat Enterprise Linux / CentOS comes with GPT kernel support. However, *******if you are using Debian or Ubuntu Linux,******** you need to recompile the kernel. Set CONFIG_EFI_PARTITION to y to compile this feature.
Is this true? Ubuntu has no GPT support native to the server install? Never compiled a kernel. Is that of itself going to be a mind bender? How much doo doo am I going to get into if I haven't done it a few times? Trust me when I tell you its no thrill formatting and reformatting a 8tb raid drive or the individual disks if it screws up. Been on that ride way too long already. Need things to go smoothly. This is not a play toy server, but will be used in a business.
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Apr 8, 2010
I have a server with 3 hard drives
1 400GB
2 1TB
The 400GB has the OS and SWAP while the 1TB are going to be used as storage....
Now for the problem, when I have both the 1TB drives in I can not format or mount either 1TB drives. Says Device is in use or "The device file '/dev/sdc1' does not exist"
Now if I take one of the 1TB drives out I can format, partition, and mount it no problem...it only seems to be a problem when both drives are connected...
Ubuntu Server Linux 9.10
Code:
Code:
Code:
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Aug 9, 2011
I have been working in my spare time over the last few days, Had problems with the whole grub2 not installing on RAID 1. Then I found out that I had to have a separate non raid Ext4 partition on one drive with "/Boot" as mount point and install went though fine.
My question is, will the developers FIX this. I mean if I only have 2 x 2tb drives in teh pc as RAID 1, and the one fails with the boot partition the whole machine goes down. Kinda defeats the whole RAID feature huh.
I USED to run a windows network with RAID 5 servers, and windows never had a problem installing everything on the RAID. Or even setting up RAID 1 in the bios on the PC and installing XP or NT4 on the RAID 1. There was never a need for a separate non raid boot partition.
Do we need a separate RAID friendly/enabled Grub? I guess for now I will get a 250gb drive and install the Server OS to it, and setup RAID1 manually after the server OS boots. Then will make a ghost type image of the server in case that drive fails so I can quickly install a new drive and restore the image and get it back up and running again.
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Feb 1, 2011
Could any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.
Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:
mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]
I was able to examine the disks though:
Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....
Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.
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Jun 15, 2010
I've got 2 hard disk drives of 250GB, with this partitions :
All partitions are with format "linux raid software". I made 3 raid1 with them like that :
I want to clone them to news hdd of 500Gb, to have this partitions :
My problem, how can I resize partitions, before resize the array md2 with the command mdadm --grow /dev/md1 --size=max ?
After, how can I rebuild /dev/md2 without lost any datas ?
I'm using ubuntu-server 10.04 64bits.
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Apr 13, 2011
I'm currently setting up a dell server with hardware raid 1 on sas 6r. i got 4 sas installed on the server and configured to raid 1 as stated below,
array 1:
slot 0 & 1
array 2:
slot 2 & 3
during the installation, the installer detect the array 2 as sda and array 1 as sdb.. so i proceed with installation on array 2. after completed the installation, the first reboot lead me to a 'grub-rescue" prompt. by following the guide at url Mode, i've noticed that the boot folder has changed to (hd1,1), which i believe it has changed to sdb1. default root device shows that prefix=(hd0,1)/grub.
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Sep 15, 2010
It's been a real battle, but I am getting close.I won't go into all the details of the fight that I have had, but I've almost made it to the finish line. Here is the set up. ASUS Z8PE-D18 mother board 2 CPU, 8 Gig Ram. I recently added an OCZ Agility SSD, defined a raid 1 virtual disk on the 1 terabyte WD HDD drives, which will holds all of my user data, the SSD is for executables.The bios is set to AHCI. Windows 7 installed fine, recognizes the raid VD just fine.
I installed Ubuntu 10.04 by first booting into try and mode, then opening a terminal and issuing a "sudo dmraid -ay" command. Then performing the install. I told it to install the raid components, and told it to let me specify the partitions manually. When setting up the partitions, I told it to use the free space I set aside on the SSD from the Windows 7 install as ext4 and to mount root there. Ubuntu installed just fine, grub2 comes up just fine, and Windows 7 boots with out a hitch, recognizing the mirrored partition as I indicated previously. When I tell grub to boot linux however, it pauses and I get the "no block devices found" message. It will then boot, but it does not recognize the raid array. After Ubuntu starts up I can run "dmraid -ay" and it recognizes the raid array, but shows the two component disks of the raid array as well. It will not allow the component disks to be mounted, but they show up which is annoying. (I can live with that if I have to)
I have fixed a similar problem before by setting up a dmraid script in /etc/initramfs-tools/scripts/local-top ... following the instructions found at the bottom of this blog:[URL].. To recap: My problem is that after grub2 fires up Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS (Lucid Lynx), it pauses, and I get "no block devices found" It then boots but does not recognize the raid array untill I manually run "dmraid -ay". I've hunted around for what to do but I have not found anything. It may be some timing issue or something, but I am so tired of beating my head against this wall.
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Feb 23, 2011
I had a drive with a partition layout like so:
~50gig Windows 7 - NTFS
~100gig Ubuntu - EXT3
~100gig Snow Leopard - HFS+
~100gig Extended Partition
-- ~100gig Swap Disk - exFat
I wanted to delete the Snow Leopard partition and format the Swap Disk partition to something else. exFat was causing major file size bloat on small files. QT sdk bloated to like 11 gigs or something ridiculous like that. Anyways, I loaded up an Ubuntu 10.04 LTS live cd and gparted then deleted the Snow Leopard partition. Gparted said "Mission Accomplished" and tried to rescan the drive, but never found it. At this point I restarted the computer, a dell laptop, which didn't boot with an unable to find a bootable device error. The ubuntu live cd doesn't see the drive anymore. gparted scans for drives indefinitely and fdisk -l has no output.
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Sep 1, 2011
i have instaled ubuntu 11.04 wubi on my pc with windows 7. i installed and everything was going ok i navigate on ubuntu already. but the problems star here i went on my ubuntu to the partition section and i format my windows partion to be the home partion and changed the nfts to ext, i did the upgrades but i forgot that theyr running yet and i restart my computer when it boot again it gaves me an error:
try (0,0) : nfts5 : wubildr
try (0,1) : ext2 :
and the windows7 says that i have to instal again. so i went to another pc and i made a cd boot and a pen boot. i burned the iso (downloaded from the ubuntu oficial site the 11.04 32 bit version) image to the cd and pen drive prperly, i adjust my boot options to star from usb or cd rom and nothing im struck.
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Jan 18, 2010
So I tried adding a new, 2nd hard drive to my Ubuntu 9.04 desktop for some additional storage and only managed to kill my system so that it won't boot up anymore (I just get a blinking cursor after the BIOS does its thing).I could sure use a little help getting back to a functioning system, and then adding the second drive. I tried following the instructions from this link to add the 2nd drive:
(So the forum rules won't let me post the link, neato. Here it is with spaces added):
h t t p s : / / h e l p . u b u n t u . c o m / c o m m u n i t y / I n s t a l l i n g A N e w H a r d D r i v e
[code]....
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Jul 22, 2010
I have created a software raid 5 array which is currently sitting idle all space is unallocated. My plan was to use all 4.5 TB as a single partition for multimedia files. My problem is that I am trying to set up a file server acessible to windows systems al well as linux. Is there a file system I can use to partition this space that will geve me what I want?
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Aug 7, 2010
I currently run a dual boot with Windows Vista and Ubuntu Lucid. I have been using Ubuntu for quite a while now, but kept around Windows "just in case." I have decided that keeping Windows is unnecessary and my Ubuntu partition is running out of space. I was wondering how I could format the Windows partition and add that space to the Ubuntu partition without having to format my entire computer.
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Aug 16, 2011
I have built a couple RAID's, but I'm uncertain of how I should format the partitions of the raid. Should I format partitions on each disk, and then add them to a raid, or should I create a raid on unformated disks and then format the raid as a partition? Does it matter, and are there performance/reliability issues? I'm creating a RAID-5 using 3 SATA disks on RHEL for user data area.
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May 11, 2010
I need to change my LUKS partition to NTFS as I do not need the boot partition any longer, but I need to keep sdb3 (truecrypted ext3) intact. This is how the disk looks now:
Code:
Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
[code]....
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Dec 25, 2010
I tried to make a startup disk using an 8gb usb drive and set 4gb of space to save documents however it looked like the installation froze so I cancelled it and deleted the partition in the disk utility however now it shows up as unknown in ubuntu and RAW in vista. I only got it today so it would be nice if I could fix it
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Feb 17, 2011
I have a 250gb External HD and wanted to format it using the disk utility but every time I try Ubuntu tells me that the drive is busy.
How is it busy? I have nothing opened and haven't used it in anyway other than plugging it in. It doesn't even tell me what's using it.
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Jul 31, 2011
Have 4xSamsung F4 HDDs in an Ex503, Raid 05 - don't know how to format them to get maximum speed out of them. I've read [URL] tor_issues and other things but guess i am too dumb. Some claim using GPT Partition table and gparted and i shouldn't have any problems because it's automatically doing what i want, but i am not sure about that.
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Dec 31, 2010
My System Intel Core Duo E5300 Mobo - Gigabyte G31M-ES2L 1GB DDR2 800MHz RAM 4 x WD20EARS HDD I have been trying to install Fedora or Ubuntu for over a week. I thought it would take an hour and i would be away. I have been trying to install using the mdadm Software RAID feature. Everytime it takes about a day to format the drives and then i get an installation error. The drives state they are ready to use as is on any operating system other then WinXP, but this does not appear to be the case.
I am very new to Fedora... I have been doing some reading.[URL].. That information has been promising. I have been able to get into Fdisk off the live CD but i can't figure out how or if it is possible to do what i want it to.
Has anyone had any luck getting these drives to function correctly in a software RAID? I have had good luck with WD drives in the past and just assumed these drives would do what i wanted to but alas i have been proven wrong.
The partitions i wanted was...
- A 2GB swap parition
- A 10 GB RAID 1 partition for Fedora
- The remaining space as a Raid 5 for files.
Am i just banging my head against a wall here, or is this possible.
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Dec 4, 2010
A part of my hd is ntfs (where I keep my windows and windows files). I edited it to be flagged as "bootable" in the disk tools that comes with ubuntu 10.10, and now it wont list as a file system in ubuntu (in other words I cant access it).
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Dec 29, 2010
Just set up a home server with Ubuntu 10.10 desktop. I've set up a software RAID 1 device using System/Administration/Disk Utility which seems to work well. However when I reboot the machine and try and access the drive I get the error that 'authentication is required to start this raid device' and then I have to enter my password, after which all is good
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Jun 23, 2011
I'm looking to set up a server with attached mass storage device and tape autoloader to run linux. It's set up under Windows at the moment. Goal is to have users, connecting from individual workstations and laptops, backup their data to the linux server. On their personal machine, some users run linux, some MacOS, some Windows. I plan to set up the 5 500 GB drives as RAID5. I understand that if setting up as software raid the format is "physical volume for RAID". Under this setup, will Windows users be able to read/write and function as expected? I can't assume only linux user access.
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Dec 27, 2010
let's say this system has 3 hard drives. Drive #1 and #2 are RAID 0 and Windows7 lives there. It is a hardware RAID, not software.
On Drive #3 Ubuntu has been installed using WUBI - it boots up and works okay - but it does not see the RAID array.
Do I just need a linux driver to be able to see & mount my "Windows" RAID0 array? Or is this even possible? Can anyone point me in the right direction?
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Mar 17, 2011
I am running Ubuntu 10.10 64. I have a RAID array consisting of two 1 TB HDD's, controlled by my on-board RAID controller. I have a dual-boot of Ubuntu 10.10 and Windows. The RAID array is mapped in /dev/mapper, and here is the output of sudo dmraid -ay
Code:
RAID set "pdc_dedfhcfdee" already active
RAID set "pdc_dedfhcfdee1" already active
RAID set "pdc_dedfhcfdee2" already active
RAID set "pdc_dedfhcfdee3" already active
[Code]....
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