Ubuntu Servers :: Not Quite Understanding UUIDs And Grub2 On 10.04 Server?
Jul 16, 2010
I'm trying to set up an Ubuntu server using 10.04 (64-bit), and running into problems after a couple of reconfigurations. Here's the full story:I initially built the server on a 400+GB RAID5 array, putting everything but swap in one partition. Unfortunately, I needed to repartition, putting / in the first primary partition, swap in the second partition, /var/log in the third primary partition and /home in the remaining space on the fourth primary partition.
However, at this step, I ran into some problems with UUIDs in /etc/fstab and Grub2 (I've used Linux for about 9 years, but I'm new to Ubuntu, and I haven't used UUIDs or Grub2 on Gentoo, yet). Consequently, I made the (probably not smart) decision to move back to the /dev/sdX notation I am familiar with.The problem with that is that now I need even more space on /home, so I've added a Dell Powervault and a Dell PERC5/e SATA card to my server. Now, Grub2 tries to boot from the new RAID array on the Powervault instead of the internal RAID array, so I am trying to move back to the UUID notation so that I don't have worry about /dev/sda being the internal array sometimes and the external array at other times.I don't mind being RTFM'd, but I'm having trouble finding pointers to the documentation explaining Grub2 configuration and the UUID notation. Does anyone have pointers to some readable, concise documentation on configuring this in Ubuntu?
View 4 Replies
ADVERTISEMENT
Jul 11, 2010
I want to do everything with disk labels. My /etc/fstab is already set up for labels.How can I tell grub2 to use labels? I need it to stop using UUID for root.
View 5 Replies
View Related
Aug 11, 2010
I have /dev/sda with Squeeze and Win 7 on it, and /dev/sdb with Squeeze. I've managed to get Grub 2 to boot from /dev/sdb1, but only by disabling /dev/sda from being a boot option in the BIOS. When it is available to boot, and lower priority than /dev/sdb, grub does not recognize the UUIds of the disks. So, I've disabled it for now and can boot from /dev/sdb no problems. Trouble is I cannot get Win7 to boot. Grub prints:
error: no such device: f0903a3a903a081c
error: invalid signature
When I boot into Squeeze and run 'blkid' I can see that:
/dev/sda1: LABEL="System Reserved" UUID="F0903A3A903A081C" TYPE="ntfs"
The Grub entry for Win 7 is:
menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" {
insmod ntfs
set root='(hd0,1)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set f0903a3a903a081c
chainloader +1
}
I don't understand how Grub 2 cannot recognize the UUIds. Can Grub 2 to be made to work with volume labels or just plain old /dev/... descriptions? Maybe I should give grub-legacy a go.
View 9 Replies
View Related
Oct 6, 2010
Can I use UUIDs to setup a raid with mdadm?
View 3 Replies
View Related
Dec 16, 2010
how do I tell grub to stop trying to boot based on UUIDs? I've been dealing with this for about two years now. I have this one system, a PowerEdge 1550, that for some reason WILL NOT boot using a UUID, and will only boot if I edit the first entry in grub, remove everything to do with UUIDs (completely delete the search line, replace root=uuid=[uuid] with root=/dev/sda1). I can't seem to make these settings stick and now with 10.10 there's no longer a menu.lst to edit. So, in short, I need grub to stop trying to boot based on a UUID. Absolute paths, baby. That's what I need.
View 3 Replies
View Related
Oct 27, 2010
I guess I am trying to understand how webmaster's configure their servers on the Internet. I see servers that have the following:[URL]hat the webmaster above for 'mydomain.tld' has three separate unique servers for each hostname (mail, wiki, and www) above. Is it possible to get all the hostnames or aliases above running from one single piece of hardware? If so, how does that work? Obviously my single server will only have one unique hostname.
View 2 Replies
View Related
Sep 7, 2009
I was tryin to deploy svn on centos 5 with respect to [URL] I am stuck understandin the location svnpath parameter on svn config
[Code]...
View 1 Replies
View Related
Jun 30, 2010
I have a 500GB SATA drive in a USB enclosure that I use to backup my system.My first step was to clone the 500GB drive in my computer to the USB drive.Now I would like to use rsync to copy changes made since that cloning to the filesystem on the USB drive.But Ubuntu will not let me mount the filesystem because it has the exact same UUID as the main filesystem! I don't know how the UUIDs are created, but without a unique UUID I do not know how to do the mount.
View 5 Replies
View Related
Jun 29, 2011
I have a small server with following memory usage:
Code:
root@debian:~# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
[code]....
View 4 Replies
View Related
Oct 22, 2010
I'm using 10.10 (updated from 10.04) and from the 10.04 I had problems when the system updated the kernel. After a kernel upgrade I can't boot to my other linux(Backtrack) due to wrong uuids. I must go to /boot/grub/grub.cfg and remove the uid and put /dev/sda5 for example. If I don't edit backtrack loads to busybox. Is there any way to fix that parameteres permantly? Because I don't want to make this change every time.
View 8 Replies
View Related
Jul 14, 2010
I come with questions to try out the wonderful forum support I keep hearing Ubuntu has! I figure this is a convenient time to ask, since I am soon to swap the UPS on my Ubuntu box. This all refers to Ubuntu 9.04. You see, not too long ago, I had a couple of power outages, and suffice to say, despite the efforts of my UPS, I didn't get to shut down my Ubuntu box properly on either occasion. After the first one, when I powered the computer back on it failed to boot. Some googling of the error message led me to find that the UUIDs Ubuntu assigns to things like hard drives, which are not SUPPOSED to change, had in fact changed. From an archived thread here I found out how to find out what the new ones were, and slapped them into my FSTAB hoping that'd be the end of it.
(Partitions/Drives affected: hda2, hdb) It wasn't. Ubuntu came up with new errors to throw at me. This time, it threw the "bad superblock/wrong fs type" error that I'm used to seeing when I fudge a mount command. It appeared to be the same anyway, it went by so fast I couldn't really read it, sure wish the pause button worked. The gui did finally load, but showed no sign of the affected drives.
I found that if I commented out the affected drives in the fstab, they would appear in the gui, ready and mountable and apparently just fine. I've double-checked the UUIDs. The new UUIDs I put in fstab match the new UUIDs that the vol_id command reports. What is wrong with my fstab? Why won't it mount them automatically? (I'll post both versions as an attachment)
Another minor problem is for some reason I can't get privoxy running anymore. I've temporarily taken to running the Windows version in wine. I seem to remember I had a helluva time getting the linux version to work in the first place anyway, so I think I'll just keep running the windows version in wine. Most importantly, what can I do to prevent this happening again? Debian Sarge never gave me such trouble (and my deb box suffered quite a few improper shutdowns too). Ubuntu's based on Debian. What gives?
View 5 Replies
View Related
Aug 1, 2011
I have installed CrunchBang, then I moved the /tmp and /var to different partitions (I like to put these on reiserfs) the reason I did it after the install is because CrunchBang's installer doesn't give me the options to create reiserfs partitions during install (but does recognise reiserfs as I can manually mount them). Also these two partitions are logical.Anyway I have Windows 7 and Ubuntu 10.04 already installed and working fine but CrunchBang always changes the UUIDs of /var and /tmp when I reboot. Is that even possible I have also tried using the old method of /dev/sd** but of course that gets changed as well.
View 3 Replies
View Related
Jul 16, 2010
today I updated my Slackware 13.0 to 13.1. Unfortunately it didn't boot any longer. I probably forgot to run "lilo" before restarting. However, I reinstalled Slackware and I installed grub instead of lilo I'm more familiar with it..
This was my first menu.lst config:
Quote:
title Linux (uuid)
root(hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz root=UUID=6a8096a3-3915-4ef2-8984-976e42d04cfc ro vga=0x031b
While booting it stopped and printed this message:
Quote:
Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS; Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block
Then I compared it to other Linux system on different computers and I noticed that every of them, who are using uuids, using an initrd as well. So I created one and now it boots properly.
I just wonder, why? Why does it need an initrd to boot by using uuids?
View 2 Replies
View Related
Jan 11, 2011
i havent really had a chance to ask this for a while, but im in a bit of a bind. im trying to do a release upgrade of 9.04 through to 10.10. I'm stuck at getting karmic to reboot because of a grub problem. I keep getting "error 15" file not found. Not one single forum post has helped for some reason which is strange. Release upgrades have always worked even though not recommended, but this one of all has been the worst of the lot and totally insane.
Im testing in a vmware before i do this for real on the production server, I am using a raid1 setup and boot partitions set to md0.
my fstab after the upgrade before i reboot looked like this
# / was on /dev/md1 during installation
UUID=######################## / reiserfs relatime 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/md0 during installation
[Code]....
I tried to first install grub2, i confirmed it installed and worked perfect, and therefore removed grub legacy.
Ran do-release-upgrade , it completely uninstalled grub2, and it also fails at building /initrd.img-2.6.31-22-server and adding into the grub menu therefore the upgrade fails with this error. I reinstalled grub2, the menu came up fine but trying to load a kernel gave me something like
alert ! /dev/disk/by-uid/############## does not exist.
What is the go with this ? Ive been trying to make this work off and on for 6 months
View 7 Replies
View Related
May 15, 2011
I have $ uname -a
Linux kub 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Mon Mar 7 21:35:22 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Most of the time when I boot my PC I get an error about fsck.ext4: Unable to resolve... I don't know why it's happening.
The problem is happening with my external drive that has 3 partitions:
/dev/sdc1
/dev/sdc3
/dev/sdc2
About 90% of the time I boot I do get the error. Sometimes after getting the error I can login and the external drive (/dev/sdc) is already mounted:
$ df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 15G 8.0G 5.8G 58% /
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /lib/init/rw
udev 1.9G 246k 1.9G 1% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 738k 1.9G 1% /dev/shm
code....
The UUID's in the error file match the output of the command blkid. And the UID's of blkid match the fstab UUID's. I don't know what to do at this point.
View 2 Replies
View Related
Mar 7, 2010
i initilally installed ubuntu 9.10 then installed windows 7 ,then i recovered grub2 using livecd as told in the post [URL] i did "sudo update-grub" and got windows 7 menu entry but when i select that entry windows 7 does not load but the grub2 is reloaded again.
i cant boot to windows 7.
Windows 7 have 100 mb partition "System Reserved" the grub2 points to that partition but still windows 7 not loaded.
sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x3c3a81f5
[Code]....
View 3 Replies
View Related
May 17, 2010
I went through so many post but I haven't found the proper answer yet hope you have an Idea1. Grub2 saves only Linux OS as last selected no Windows OS2.It is possible to boot into a cdrom (drive)?
View 2 Replies
View Related
Apr 19, 2011
For this code:
Code:
class B1
{
[code]....
View 11 Replies
View Related
May 20, 2010
I'm beginning to deal with more than one user on my system (it's a VPS serving some sites) and I need to make sure I understand how group permissions work. I have an account named "admin" .. it's basically the primary account that is used for serving most of the sites that I control myself. Now, I added a second account named "Ville" as one of my users wants to be able to administer that site. So, I can do this the easy way and just chown their domains folder under the ville user, they have permission to do whatever they need be and so forth. However, let's say I want to also give the admin user access to the files (modifying and all) .. how can I put both users into the same group and give them both permission?
I've tried doing:
sudo usermod -a -G admin ville
To add the ville into the admin group, but ville still cannot edit files by admin. Permissions for the primary directory for the ville user are read/write for both owner and group, and the current group for the files is admin:admin ..
But ville still can't write into the directory. So, what should I be doing here to get this right and secure at the same time?
View 1 Replies
View Related
Apr 10, 2010
I've installed ClamTK on my Kubuntu 9.10 installation, since it's connected to a Windows7 machine.When I ran a scan, it found 9 'viruses', but they are all within my home directory > Opera/mail/store and are either status Phishing.Heuristics.Email.SpoofedDomain OR HTML.Phishing.Bank-593.I recently synced my Hotmail into Opera, so I checked the corresponding dates in my Hotmail account and deleted the emails which I thought were related, however, after clearing down my Opera history, etc., re-booting my PC and re-scanning, the results are the same.How do I clear down these files?
View 1 Replies
View Related
Jun 8, 2010
The O'Reilly book, Linux in a Nutshell, Sixth Edition has this excerpted section (on Legacy GRUB):If GRUB is installed in the MBR, you can chainload Windows by setting the root device to the partition that has the Windows boot loader, making it the active partition, and then using the chainloader command to read the Windows boot sector.If GRUB has been installed to (hd0,0)'s MBR, then I am confused what "file" chainloader +1 is pointing to. Obviously, it is not the MBR but that is confusing to me. When one boots a Linux system with GRUB in the MBR, what file does chainloader +1 point to?
View 2 Replies
View Related
Jul 20, 2010
On Windows, you can go to a file's permissions and it's clearly stated who can do what. You can choose between individual users or groups such as 'everyone' or certain types of users such as 'domain users'. You could create a clear cut list of every single user/group on the system and what their permissions for a file are and have it neatly displayed in a list.On Unix, we have octal permissions and sticky bits. I understand the whole concept of rwxrwxrwx (777). The first three are what the file owner can do, the second is what the main group the user belongs to can do, and the third is what other users can do.
But, when you view a file's permissions you are only getting the permissions as they apply to the user that owns the file. For example, as I understand it, if I viewed a file that only the root user had rwx permissions on and everyone else could only read. The permissions would show up as rwxr--r-- (744). But, those same permissions would show up to any user as 744 as well. Since the last 3 characters are what applies to "other users" (pretty vague). How would someone know what users in particular those permissions apply to? There could be one "other user" that can rwx that file and another "other user" that can't.Also, why just stop with the main group? What about other groups? A the user Foo's main group he belongs to might be Foo. But he could also belong to the groups Boo and Zoo, which belong to other users and would give him full rwx permissions over Boo and Zoo's files just as if he were Boo or Zoo.
Then you have the whole sticky bit thing that makes it so that files can be owned by the same person and at the same time be made use of (to varying degrees) by other users. To chmod the UID you'd chmod 2777 or for GID 4777 (just an an example). I did this for a file and it allowed a standard user account who was previously unable to run the command to be able to run it. But, how can that work when I didn't anywhere specify what particular user (or groups of users) that sticky bit applies to?
I'm confused about this whole thing to the point that I'm not even sure exactly what questions I should be asking or even if my examples are even 100% correct. I just sort of ranted about some specific things that floated to the top of my head. Permissions are easy to understand when your running a Unix-like system on a single user desktop. Because the only users/groups you have are root, the single user, and various system users/groups that you don't really need to worry about. So a file with rwxr--r-- means that only the Root user (not even members of his group) can edit the file and you can't unless you use sudo. Because the "other user" in the last 3 characters always just means you. But, things seem to get a whole lot more complicated when you start adding in multiple users. Can someone explain this or link to a "for dummies" article that can explain all of this to me in a way that someone who's used to Windows style permissions can make a connection between the two OS families and their way of handling these things?
View 9 Replies
View Related
Nov 19, 2010
I'm trying to understand the role of the at command. Does cron use at to run its jobs? Or is at, and batch for that matter, a separate cue that is only stored while the computer is on. As for anacron, anacron on runs once a day and is geared for a computer that is turned of frequently, as opposed to a server when it is on all the time. I've already man'ed these commands, and googled. I'm just trying to understand more how they work.
View 2 Replies
View Related
Nov 12, 2010
I am learning how to use DD for creating images across networks and locally but needed some clarification.
1 - When creating an image, I noticed that there is no verbose to show you the progress, How can I accomplish this?
2 - When I run this on a 8G usbstick it takes a long time to image. How can I speed up this process?
PHP Code:
dd if=/dev/sdb of=/home/test/images/image.dd
3 - When an image is restored like
PHP Code:
dd if=/home/test/images/image.dd of=/dev/sdb
will that give me a working bootable usbstick? For example if I imaged a working usbstick with Ubuntu on it using DD and restored it like the example above on a different usbstick, will this give me a booting new usbstick? I hope that came across ok?
View 1 Replies
View Related
Aug 1, 2011
I have an application that uses port 8080 all the time. One time, for some reason, it was taken by I didn't know what.
View 2 Replies
View Related
Dec 3, 2010
var param = function() { <whatever> } ;What exactly does the above MEAN, and why have they included this in the language this way?
View 6 Replies
View Related
Aug 1, 2010
I had done a new lucid install to a 1 TB RAID 1 array using the alternate CD a few weeks back. I messed up that system trying to some hardware working that lucid doesn't have drivers for yet, so I gave up on it and reinstalled to a single 80 GB disk that I now want to move over to the RAID array.
I moved all of the existing files on the array to a single folder, then copied all of the folders from the 80 GB disk over to the array with permissions and symlinks (minus the contents of /proc and /sys, which I created empty).
These are the commands I used:
Quote:
p -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /b*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /d*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /e*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /h*
[Code]....
I tried to change fstab to use the 689a... for root, but when I try to boot, it's still trying to open /dev/disk/by-uuid/412d...
So then I booted from the single disk again and chrooted into the array, then ran update-initramfs -u. I got 3 "grep: /proc/modules: No such file or directory" errors, and "cat: /proc/cmdline: No such file or directory"- so I created directory /proc/modules, created an empty file /proc/cmdline, and ran the initramfs update again. Then I tried to shut down, which hung (probably because I was doing all of this from a terminal window in Gnome), so I killed the power after a couple of minutes.
It's still trying to use /dev/disk/by-uuid/412d... to boot.
What am I missing? I assume I just have to change the UUID to mount as root, but I don't know how.
View 2 Replies
View Related
Aug 21, 2010
I don't quite understand how pipes work in bash. I know that it takes an output from one command as the input in another command. What an output is I can get because it's what the command prints out to the screen. But how do I know what input a command will take? Here is an example I thought would work:
Which gem | rm
Unfortunately it didn't.
Which gem prints out "/usr/bin/gem" so that must be the output right? I thought that was given to rm so it would be "rm /usr/bin/gem" but I was wrong. How do I know what input a command takes?
View 4 Replies
View Related
Aug 11, 2010
I'm trying to set up a machine to "drive" a piece of equipment (a metal plate embosser [kind of like a daisywheel printer for credit card sized pieces of metal], FWIW). What I ideally want is a linux distro that I can boot from CD (I think the term is Live CD?), log itself in as a user and display only a console. It needs to be able to support windows fileshares and python.
Essentially it needs to boot, connect to a single fileshare on a Win2k8 machine, and be able to execute a couple of scripts that will output to a serial port. One of them will be more or less the following:
wget http://WEBSITE/?<parameter passed to script> --quiet --output-document=<name of serial port>
The other is a somewhat more complicated Python script that processes a CSV spreadsheet and produces data for the machine.
View 3 Replies
View Related
Jul 13, 2011
My grub file looks like this:-
# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
[code]...
View 4 Replies
View Related
