Ubuntu Installation :: Swap File Onto New Extended HD?
Feb 1, 2010
I want to move my swap file onto a new extended hard drive.
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 1243 9984366 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1244 1305 498015 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 1244 1305 497983+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
I want to put a 2Gb swap file on sda2.
> dd if=/dev/sda2 of=/mnt/2Gb.swap bs=1M count=2048
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
1024 bytes (1.0 kB) copied, 0.000388458 s, 2.6 MB/s
Why is this only copying 1.0kB? Do I need to format the extended drive first? I have tried specifying the block size and count a number of different ways with the same results.
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Jul 17, 2010
I have a dual boot on my laptop between XP and Ubuntu with a storage partition.that gives me total of 4 primary partition
-Windows
-Storage
-Ubuntu
-Swap
I now want to add a OSX to my laptop in tripple booth. I did shrink the windows partition and now I realized that all my partitions are primary and cannot create a new one with the space I shrink from windows.Is it possible to merge ubuntu and its swap into extended/logical partitions so I can create a new primary for Mac OS X?
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Jun 4, 2011
what exactly are my 'swap 3.1gb' and 'extended 3.1gb' partitions for? are they necessary? what would happen if i deleted them? do they have to be that big (thinking about loading ubuntu to 20gb HDD partition, but at 6gb for the other stuff, #ouch#)? What does ubuntu do about very low space when installing (i.e. in reference to the 20gb part)? why does ubuntu have these but no other Operating Systems do? Would i lose any performance without them?
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Jan 25, 2010
Can Ubuntu swap partition go in an Extended partition (a logical partition within the extended) while Ubuntu is on a Primary partition?
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Feb 3, 2010
I recently installed Jaunty in my departmental machine which is having 70 GB harddisk and 512 MB RAM. Before installing I partitioned the Hard disk by using Gparted of Live CD into Four compartments namely
1. Primary partition of 30 GB of file type ext3
2. Extended partition of 39 GB which I divided again into two logical Partition of 20 GB and 19 GB. Labelled it as D and E
3. 1 GB of swap partition
I installed the Jaunty in primary partition, gave the mount point as /The problem is I am not able to copy or save file in the extended partition namely D and E
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Aug 16, 2010
RAM for older machines like I use is fairly cheap these days. But flash memory is just as cheap or cheaper. So I'd like to ask about the feasibility of expanding my system's memory using flash memory. And about whether creating a partition for swap on the flash memory, or whether a swap file on the flash device, is the better way to go.
By flash memory I have in mind mainly USB sticks or what are sometimes called "pen drives." But I do also have CF and SD cards that, with the proper cheap adapter (one of which I already own for adapting CF) could be used to create extra swap space. So, what is the current consensus on the feasibility/advisability of using flash memory for swap? I've read about the limited write cycles of flash being an argument against using it for swap. But recent reading indicates to me that the limited write cycles problem applies mostly to older, smaller-capacity flash memory. Some will come out and say that, for larger-capacity flash memory, the life of the device is likely to exceed the amount of time your current computer will be useful (I think I've seen estimates in the range of 3-4 years life--minimum--for newer, higher-capacity flash memory).
A more persuasive argument I've heard against using flash memory for swap is that access times for these devices can be much slower than SATA, and maybe even IDE, hard drives. That would certainly dictate against using flash memory for swap.
So, how about some input on this issue? Anyone using flash memory for swap? If so, what kind (e.g., usb stick or SD/CF)? Are you using a swap file or a swap partition? How's system performance? Likewise, has anyone had flash-memory-used-as-swap die on them? The consequences would undoubtedly be dire. Also, has anyone measured flash memory access times to confirm or refute claims about slow access times? Are some types of flash memory better/worse than others in terms of access times?
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Mar 20, 2011
Does one need to Check the Swap filesystem, from time to time
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Jun 28, 2010
Alright, I just wanted to see if this would even work, so I installed Ubuntu Lucid Linx 10.04 on a 2001 Sony Vaio with 1.7 Ghz. Intel P4 processor and, yes you're reading this correctly, only 256 MB of PC2100 Ram. I dumped in my own PCI wlan card and 64 MB Radeon 9000 Pro AGP card, then I did the installation.
Although I already ordered 2 mem chips (512 MB each) for this system which will max it out, I also created a 5 GB swap partition since I figured that this would greatly enhance the installation and consequent usage thereafter. Now mind you, the installation of 32bit Lucid worked like a charm. Slower than normal, but like a charm. Wifi is working and even the 3D desktop settings are working in advanced mode. BUT the system is just way too slow to react to the mouse and keyboard. I'm certain that the lack of memory has a lot to do with that although I was secretly hoping that the huge swap file would help to make a big perfomance difference. So here now my questions:
1. The swap file doesn't really appear to have made any difference at all. How come?
2. If I wanted to "downgrade" to Xubuntu, how would I accomplish this?
3. Would it be a better idea to just start over with an installation of Crunchbang instead?
I'm trying to get this system working for a relative who's never had a computer before. Whatever I end up with on this machine has to be as simple as possible to use while maintaining some semblence of decent perfomance. I'm sure before too long they'll want to enhance their desktop looks/theme as well so consideration needs to be given to that too. Your suggestions and comments would be appreciated. Again, Ubuntu Lucid runs just fine, although really really slow. Internet is no problem.
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Feb 27, 2015
After some years using OS X, I'm returning on Debian on my Macbook Pro in single boot.
I've bought a Samsung SSD (850 EVO 500Go) in order to replace the slow built-in HDD.
But I've earned about the need of repartition of writing operation on that kind of drives, and I'm concerned about swap partition.
I need swap (especially for Darktable, browsers and maybe Steam games), but I wonder if the usual swap partition (even with discard mount option) is really recommandable for SSD drives.
Actually, on Debian wiki and others, the usual recommandation is "if you have enough RAM, don't use swap or minimise swapiness to 1", but using of swap file is not mentioned.
Indeed, if I have only one "big" partition on the SSD drive and TRIM activated, the garbage collector (low level) built in chipet's SSD will optimize SSD life, but I don't know how the low level garbage collection works with multiple partition.
So there is my questions :
- Will SSD garbage collection will preserve the disc use even if I have a 2GB swap partition ?
- Will I'd use a swap file instead of swap partition (I don't really need to hibernate) ?
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Sep 1, 2011
I am about to get a new laptop here soon and I was planning a dual boot like I have on my current laptop (Win7 and Ubuntu), but I have something special in mind. I looked around the forum to see if there was anything like what I had or if it was even possible but I didn't see anything quite like this.I was wondering if this was even possible, and if so, would anyone be able to tell me what filesystem I should use for my windows swap partition?
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Oct 4, 2010
I have a Toshiba laptop that seems to be freezing on extended operations involving the file system/hard drive. (that's kind of a guess on my part). The system has frozen during the last day or two when I:
- try a large file operation with Nautilus
- try exporting a large video file from Kdenlive
- try formatting the disk for a new install of Maverick (I decided that with the new version almost out, I might try upgrading in case I broke my system)
What I see is the screen freezing and the mouse does not move. As I said, I tried installing the Maverick RC from the Alternate CD (I wanted to do a minimal install). The install hung on the partitioning step and the caps-lock key started blinking (though I don't get this in other cases). I have booted into my Lucid live-cd and a Puppy live-cd to try Gparted, with the same results - the system freezes (but the caps-lock key doesn't blink). Puppy HAS performed better generally, for example I was able to complete my large file operation (backing things up!) but it is freezing on the partitioning step.
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Oct 13, 2010
I have just purchased a HP netbook. I wish to install UNE on it but it already has 4 primary partitions. Is there any way I can put these in an extended partition without deleting them?
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Oct 26, 2010
I have been attempting to set up a bunch of partitions on a bunch of hard disks, in preparation for installing Maverick. I will be setting up a number of RAID partitions, so I will install from the alternate disk (ubuntu-10.10-alternate-amd64.iso). Now ever since they added support for GRUB2 and a new partition type and align-to-megabyte and a whole bunch of other goodness, partitioning has been buggy. This has been true for Maverick and Lucid. Even the 10.04.1 version (an Ubuntu LTS!) still has problems. Every time I try something else, some other bizarre bug rears its ugly head. (Yes, I have been reporting them on Launchpad when I find a new one.)
In order to move forward on this project, I have been using a variety of partitioning tools. I temporarily installed Maverick on a small partition, and have used Disk Utility (palimpsest) and GParted while booted into that. Occasionally when things get really strange I boot up the latest version of System Rescue Disk, which contains the latest version of gparted. I use these various tools to try out various partitioning schemes, just laying out empty partitions that will be formatted or assembled into RAID arrays later. When I get all the desired partitions set up, I will boot into the alternate installer and do the final installation. (I don't want to do the entire thing within the alternate installer because it makes my head hurt. I do have a lot of partitions.) This has been going on for weeks now. Every time I try something different, something weird happens, and I have to try various workarounds, or switch to different tools. Basically, my partitions eventually become unstable.
Here's the latest mind boggler: Disk Utility displays nice graphical maps of your partitions. This image includes before and after screenshots showing what happens to my partitions occasionally. We start with three primary partitions and one extended partition. The extended partition goes all the way to the end of the disk. We put a small logical partition into the extended partition, at the beginning of it. We can then click on the "free" portion of the extended partition and create additional logical partitions if we like.
Afterwards, the extended partition has magically shrunk itself down until it is the same size as the small logical partition it contains. The free space has migrated out of the extended partition, and is now useless, as you can't have more than four primary+extended partitions. Disk Utility won't let you create another partition. What happened between the Before and After pictures? I don't know. I do know that I did not ever tell any tool to change the size of any partition. Moving or resizing partitions can trigger various known bugs, so I never even try to do that, I just delete partitions and start over.
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Oct 31, 2010
I've installed Windows 7 + XP + Ubuntu 10.10 and Mac Os X on my PC. The problem is that XP wont boot. I've tried a lot of fixes for the last 2 days but still nothing. So I've come to conclusion that it might be probably due to its partition (dev/sda being inside of another Extended partition (dev/sda3) as you guys can see on the attachment. If so, how can I move it out of the extended partition.
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Apr 8, 2011
I have Ubuntu 10.10 installed on my 80gb hdd, disk has following partitions :
1. /dev/sda1 = /boot (500mb)
2. /dev/sda2 = / (20000mb)
3. /dev/sda3 = linux-swap (2000mb)
4. /dev/sda4 = extended (7000mb)
5. /dev/sda5 = /home (7000mb)
6. unallocated = (40000mb)
how can i use this unallocated space to create an NTFS partition.
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May 27, 2011
just got a new laptop with Windows 7 Home Premium 64bit pre-installed, and when I boot into my 11.04 CD, there is no simple option to install alongside windows 7. Only the options to erase the entire disk (wiping windows) or manually specifying partitions. I'd like to keep my windows install as I use it for gaming, but I don't want to mess around with partitions while I don't know what I'm doing. According to the 'Allocate disk space' part of the installation, all 4 primary partitions are being used, a main one for the Windows 7 install, one entitled HP tools, and another two I forget the names of. I have looked up that I may need to turn a primary partition into an extended one,
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Aug 3, 2010
how to create extended ext3 partition using GParted? Every time I select "New" for unallocated space I can only create primary partition. Other options (extended and logical) are always greyed out.
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Jul 12, 2010
I'm setting up my laptop to dual boot (default Vista installation and Ubuntu). There's also a possibility I may add XP later as a triple boot.
My laptop came with two partitions already, the second one labelled "Recovery". I was planning on adding three partitions, one for the Ubuntu installation, one for Swap, and one for storing my files (accessible to both OSs). However, this would be five partitions (or six, if I add XP later).
I've never had to deal with this many partitions before and just learned about the maximum of four primary partitions.
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Mar 31, 2011
I bought a PC with Window Vista on it as my partner needs it. Using gparted I set up Primary partitions for Vista OS (sda1) and Ubuntu OS (sda2), plus an extended partition for Vista files, Ubuntu /home and swap:
fdisk -l
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 3969 31880961 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 3970 5294 10643062+ 83 Linux
[code]...
My problem is Vista (as always). The 30GB I allocated is not enough, even just for the OS and it won't now boot from GRUB, though I can see it from GRUB. I don't want to do anything that risks a problem for Ubuntu. Will grub still see both OS if I wipe sda1 (Vista OS) and reinstall Vista OS on the extended partition sda6? Ideally I would like to merge sda1 with sda6 and install Vista on that, but that looks way too risky / impossible.
Edit - There is another drive on the PC which is much larger and I use for backup. Is there any scope for installing Vista on that one so that GRUB still identifies both. Not ideal as I like having one as the backup for the other.
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Mar 19, 2010
I am using ubuntu 9.04 on my laptop from past 8 months. These days when I boot my laptop, The booting process takes more time on the following step:
Activating swap file
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Aug 17, 2010
I'm having problems using a swap file to increase swap space in Linux. I followed the instructions for creating a swap file, as shown here:
[URL]
It works, and I increased my swap space. But when I reboot, I'm back to the original amount of swap space I had before. The swap file I created is still there, but it's not being used as swap space. I tried remounting the swap file but it doesn't work.
Also, it seems there isn't an fstab entry created for the swap file. Strange, huh? I don't think it made a difference but I manually copied the UUID for the swap file and made an entry in fstab.
I may be wrong, but from what I can tell the UUID of the swap file keeps changing every time I reboot.
So basically every time I reboot I have to repeat the instructions shown above to get more swap space.
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Jan 31, 2011
I have read somewhere, that Ubuntu can not suspend itself into a swap file, is that true?
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Jan 9, 2011
I successfully partitioned my desktop with Gparted and made it into an XP/Ubuntu dual boot.
Now i'm trying to do the same with my netbook (eee pc 1000he), and the existing partitions look funny:
How should I change this to prepare for installing Ubuntu? Can I just install to the unallocated space on the extended partition? I don't need optimal efficiency here, I just need to know where to install Ubuntu for a workable dual boot.
It's confusing to me that Windows is on an extended partition, and also that /dev/sda2 has the boot flag (this drive contains nothing but two undeletable folders titled "amd 64" and "i386"). This set-up is the result of a Windows re-install at a sketchy computer shop.
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Dec 26, 2009
I wanted to shrink my Windows NTFS partition to allow me to grow my extended partition which contains my Linux partitions, namely to grow my swap space and home directory some however it just fails at enlarging the extended partition. Is this a known problem because I know there were rewrites to the storeage backend of Anaconda.
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May 20, 2010
Currently running 10.04 and Cacti latest version and although my RAM is only just over 3/4 used my swap file is growing. If I leave the box running for about a week the swap fills and the system grinds to a halt.Is there some way of seeing what's in the swap so I can debug the problem and get my system more stable again?
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Oct 20, 2010
a possibly preposterous question. I am aware that you can designate a swap file or swap partition on your hard drive that linux uses as "memory". Suggested sizes for the swap file that I've seen range up to about 1024MB. Is there a limit to the swap file size that you can set?Basically I am running a perl script that processes a massive B) file (DNA sequence data), etc, and requires around 48 GB of memory to run, maybe a bit less. So, would it be possible to set a swap file to a massive, ridiculous size (~60GB oratever) and successfully run such a script on a desktop?Yes, I am aware that it would massively ow down the process. The thing is, if the perl script normally completes in about half an hour, and I can get it working on a desktop, I don't mind if it takes days or weeks to complete. I really don't. That's because it takes days or weeks to get access to a computer with the required grunt to do it.So, is this a stupid idea? Is it even possible? If so, given a perl script that normally completes in a half hour on a 48G system, if you do this, would it take days? weeks? decades
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Nov 2, 2010
I currently have Ubuntu Desktop 10.10 installed and have a great setup. However, I'm trying to install another OS on the hard drive and need to remove a partition. I've read online that I can remove the Swap partition and use a "Swap file". My question is this: Is it possible to replace the Swap partition with a "swap file" without having to re-install linux?
Dual-booting: Mac OS X 10.6.3 / Ubuntu Desktop 10.10
Macbook Pro 6,1
2.8 GHz Intel Core i7, 4 GB RAM
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Dec 7, 2010
Lucid on an Acer Travelmate800.Can anyone tell me why I have 0k for swap space? I allocated swap which I can see in my Disk Utility's 'volumes' display.
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Jan 26, 2010
I am sitting in front of an Ubuntu which was installed previously by someone else. How can I find out if a swap partition was defined?Is it always a swap partition or only a (ONE) swap file (like in Windows XP) ?If there is currently no swap partition: How can I create one and tell Ubuntu to use it?How can I conversely tell Ubuntu NOT to use a separate swap partition but to use
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Feb 15, 2010
My swap file is 5.8 gb and I have a swappiness of 60. Is there any reason to increase any of these values?
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