In our cluster, both the server and worker had been gone to swap and the performance is extremely slow. Although currently the memory is free but I don't know why the in the swap area is still being there and ubuntu doesn't move them to the memory and empty the swap.
On the other hand, when I run
Code:
sudo swapoff -a
on the server it says:
Code:
mahmood@server:~$ sudo swapoff -a
[Code]....
When I move something to Trash it doesn't show the option of "Empty Trash". I can use "move to Trash" and it just moving there like some ordinary folder, but shift+del give me an option for deleting the files. Using OpenSUSE 11.3 32bit.
View 6 Replies View RelatedWhy linux uses swap space, even if there are free physical memory available.
View 4 Replies View RelatedRAM for older machines like I use is fairly cheap these days. But flash memory is just as cheap or cheaper. So I'd like to ask about the feasibility of expanding my system's memory using flash memory. And about whether creating a partition for swap on the flash memory, or whether a swap file on the flash device, is the better way to go.
By flash memory I have in mind mainly USB sticks or what are sometimes called "pen drives." But I do also have CF and SD cards that, with the proper cheap adapter (one of which I already own for adapting CF) could be used to create extra swap space. So, what is the current consensus on the feasibility/advisability of using flash memory for swap? I've read about the limited write cycles of flash being an argument against using it for swap. But recent reading indicates to me that the limited write cycles problem applies mostly to older, smaller-capacity flash memory. Some will come out and say that, for larger-capacity flash memory, the life of the device is likely to exceed the amount of time your current computer will be useful (I think I've seen estimates in the range of 3-4 years life--minimum--for newer, higher-capacity flash memory).
A more persuasive argument I've heard against using flash memory for swap is that access times for these devices can be much slower than SATA, and maybe even IDE, hard drives. That would certainly dictate against using flash memory for swap.
So, how about some input on this issue? Anyone using flash memory for swap? If so, what kind (e.g., usb stick or SD/CF)? Are you using a swap file or a swap partition? How's system performance? Likewise, has anyone had flash-memory-used-as-swap die on them? The consequences would undoubtedly be dire. Also, has anyone measured flash memory access times to confirm or refute claims about slow access times? Are some types of flash memory better/worse than others in terms of access times?
Nagios had alerted me that the server had a very high load average exceeding the critical level (17+), when logging onto the server I found that all 4GB of the swap was in use despite the fact that there was 15GB+ of free memory (and that's not even including memory from cache and buffers!) Because it seems all heavily used pages were being stored in swap, the I/O wait on the server became very high, and 4 kswapd daemons were taking up nearly 100% available CPU. This did coincide with an error reported by Bacula during a backup job while changing to a bad tape...
From /var/log/bacula.log:
Code:
10-Dec 02:11 bacula-sd JobId 1898: End of medium on Volume "4097" Bytes=434,170,000,000 Blocks=217,084 at 10-Dec-2010 02:11.
10-Dec 02:11 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3307 Issuing autochanger "unload slot 4097, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 02:12 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3301 Issuing autochanger "loaded? drive 0" command.
10-Dec 02:12 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3302 Autochanger "loaded? drive 0", result: nothing loaded.
10-Dec 02:12 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3304 Issuing autochanger "load slot 4096, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 02:13 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3305 Autochanger "load slot 4096, drive 0", status is OK.
10-Dec 02:13 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Volume "4096" previously written, moving to end of data.
10-Dec 03:51 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Error: Unable to position to end of data on device "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n): ERR=dev.c:1384 read e
rror on "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n). ERR=Input/output error.
10-Dec 03:51 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Marking Volume "4096" in Error in Catalog.
10-Dec 03:51 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3307 Issuing autochanger "unload slot 4096, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3301 Issuing autochanger "loaded? drive 0" command.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3302 Autochanger "loaded? drive 0", result: nothing loaded.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3304 Issuing autochanger "load slot 4098, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3305 Autochanger "load slot 4098, drive 0", status is OK.
10-Dec 03:59 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Wrote label to prelabeled Volume "4098" on device "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n)
10-Dec 03:59 bacula-sd JobId 1898: New volume "4098" mounted on device "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n) at 10-Dec-2010 03:59.
At the same time, these messages starting occuring in /var/log/messages:
Code:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Mem-info:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA per-cpu:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 5 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 5 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 6 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 6 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 7 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 7 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA32 per-cpu:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:162
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:48
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:18
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:159
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:56
...
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 3 HighMem per-cpu: empty
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Free pages: 732052kB (0kB HighMem)
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Active:4232128 inactive:3071288 dirty:158210 writeback:0 unstable:0 free:183320 slab:256840 mapped-file:289545 mapped-anon:3805487 pagetables:13063
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA free:10796kB min:4kB low:4kB high:4kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:10356kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 3512 9067 9067
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA32 free:213332kB min:2500kB low:3124kB high:3748kB active:1794108kB inactive:1463220kB present:3596296kB pages_scanned:64 all_unreclaimable? no
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 5555 5555
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 Normal free:41028kB min:3952kB low:4940kB high:5928kB active:3409444kB inactive:1471120kB present:5688320kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 HighMem free:0kB min:128kB low:128kB high:128kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 1 DMA free:0kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
...
Well to cut a long story short, I fixed the problem by disabling the swap partition with 'swapoff'. After about 30 mins all the swap was freed and the server went back to normal. I don't dare reactivate the swap partition and unfortunately as this is a live server which currently has no fail over, I can't reboot either
Server Spec:
4 * Dual-Core AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 8214
32GB DDR2 ECC RAM
RHEL 5.5, 2.6.18-194.11.3.el5 SMP x86_64
Running many KVM VMs (All CentOS x64) and kksmd is used.
bacula-dir Version: 5.0.0
IBM Tape Drive using lin_tape module version 1.34.0 according to modinfo
And before anybody asks
# sysctl vm.swappiness
vm.swappiness = 10
I'm trying to move a mysql 5.1.50-community InnoDB database from one location to another.When starting the service I get:Starting MySQL.Manager of pid-file quit without updating file [FAILED]I've searched for a way to do this but I can only find people who describe what I've just done.
View 6 Replies View RelatedI'm trying to move a folder via sudo mv ioncube /usr/local/bin/
but it says something cannot move since directory is not empty. What do I do now?
The swap partition says that it is empty. When I installed Slackware I'm sure that I pointed to the right place for the swap. Or does it not show any size because none of it is being used?
fdisk -l
Code:
root@Jacob:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00051094
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 122 979933+ 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda2 * 123 2554 19535040 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 2555 91201 712057027+ 83 Linux
free -m
Code:
root@Jacob:~# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3286 1303 1982 0 365 517
-/+ buffers/cache: 421 2864
Swap: 0 0 0
For Ubuntu 10.04 LTS / Gnome 2.30.2.
I have two applets on my Gnome panel -- NetworkManager Applet 0.8, and Klipper (it works better than Glipper) -- that I want to move.
HOWEVER, right-clicking the panel icons does not enable me to move these applets, as follows:
- NetworkManager Applet 0.8 does not include a Move item in its list of options.
- Klipper displays a long list of Klipper options but no Move option.
How I can move these items to new locations on the Gnome panel?
can you move your swap to a new location after a install and if it is possible will it give any kind of performance boost if it is moved to a separate hard drive? I did this on my XP machine and it made a pretty big difference in over all speed of the machine and wanted to try this on my Ubuntu machine, assuming it will even make and difference in performances.
View 3 Replies View RelatedJust moved/reinstalled my HTPC setup (XBMC Live + extras) to a 8GB USB pendrive to simplify future reinstalls and upgrades. Everything works fine so far and I've not had any issues setting up everything for my needs. The system is very responsive in use in XBMC (and other) but slow down quite a bit occasionally when doing to much at the same time.
Since a USB pendrive have its limitations, a concern I have is regarding the swap partition that is currently on the pendrive. Should I move the swap to a swap partition on my HDD to ease the stress on the pendrive; and could I expect any gain in performance? I have 2GB of RAM.
I have a computer with 16GB of ram. At the moment, top shows all the RAM is taken, (NOT by cache), but the RAM used by the various processes is very far from 16GB.I have seen this problem several times, but I don't understand what is happening.My only remedy so far has been to reboot the machine.
View 1 Replies View RelatedI used Gparted to resize the swap area, and doing so changed the UUID so now the swap memory is not activated automatically and hibernation is also inactive. i got some info about this in a previous thread, which became inactive, and could not fix the problem.the output of sudo blkid is:Quote:
sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="8bcd1749-f82d-4d4a-967d-ee8a3583e8e2" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda5: UUID="e02d4dcf-a064-4e6b-a014-a0d9db55f00f" TYPE="swap"
[code]....
I did a standard install of Ubuntu 9.10, then upgraded to 10.04 LTS. Whenever I run htop I get:CPU [~3.8%] Mem [100/244MB] Swp [87/713MB]And free -mMem- total:244 used:214 free:29Swap- total:713 used:86 free:626It seems like I should be using allocating more memory to swap. I should be using more swap, or if this looks normal
B. If so, how do I re allocate more memory to swap?I am new to linux and still trying to figure out a lot of things.
I love the way my Patriot Inferno SSD boots up. It takes about 13 seconds from GRUB to when I start to hear music... But I was wondering if I need my swap partition to be on the SSD, i.e. my spinning disk also has a S.P. I have 8GB RAM, so I don't know if I'm even writing to it.
Q9550, Palit GTX460-2GB, Evga 9800GT, 60GB inferno SSD, P5N-D, Zumax 650W, Unbuntu 10.10, and 11.04
I've an 8GB swap (I know, overkill, but I don't have space issues, and I'd rather have too much instead of too less). The problem is that my physical memory fills up, and the system crashes, but swap usage is ALWAYS 0%
Mem: 8060580k total, 5193436k used, 2867144k free, 1013788k buffers
Swap: 8388604k total, 0k used, 8388604k free, 2262112k cached
Setting aside the fact that I can't trace why memory usage goes up to 8GB with just firefox/terminals/pidgin, why isn't my swap EVER used?
Also, if I run
Code:
# top
2301 hugo 20 0 1887m 665m 38m S 19.9 8.5 267:38.63 firefox-bin
1811 root 20 0 166m 67m 10m S 10.8 0.9 128:04.59 X
1973 hugo 20 0 306m 78m 16m S 0.8 1.0 42:30.04 compiz
2024 hugo 20 0 487m 13m 8836 S 0.2 0.2 2:14.73 Terminal
1980 hugo 20 0 333m 7228 5492 S 0.1 0.1 0:54.49 lxpanel
7048 hugo 20 0 15016 1168 820 R 0.1 0.0 0:00.03 top
(The rest are all "0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0")
If add up all of the RES columns, I get <1GB. If I add all the VIRT column, I get about 3GB. Where's the other 2GB being used? This goes up all the way to 8GB, without being able to add up where my memory's going.
There are plenty of tools for umounting/mounting/automounting usb flash/pen drives/dongles/hard drives. There's the Device Notifier on kde 4, for example.
But what about other devices like headphones, mice, keyboards, modems, etc? A tool for doing this would be very handy.
I just got a new laptop and installed 11.1, and I want to move my swap file to a 8GB SD card I have. It seems to run very fast, so it will improve swapping speed. I created a swapfile with Partitioner, and I can delete the existing swapfile with GParted during a reboot - but I'm afraid I will make my system unbootable by doing that - don't I need to first tell OpenSuSE what swapfile (on the new sdb) to use? I'm pretty sure it will detect the new swapfile automatically during boot, but it might choke on a missing (old) swapfile.
View 6 Replies View RelatedWhen we want to setup a linux system, there is a common a suggestion like set the swap space as twice as big than your physical memory, I want to know why do we need this and how is this suggestion come from?
View 4 Replies View RelatedI came across this article, which I found to be very interesting and thought share it with you all.
Graphics CardMemory as swap space or RAM disk.
[URL]
I found out that my CentOS 5.4 linux does not use any swap memory! here is the #top output:
top - 10:02:49 up 27 min, 5 users, load average: 4.22, 3.45, 2.24
Tasks: 173 total, 4 running, 166 sleeping, 0 stopped, 3 zombie
Cpu(s): 71.1%us, 26.1%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.2%id, 0.0%wa, 2.7%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 3081388k total, 1729216k used, 1352172k free, 69544k buffers
Swap: 5140760k total, 0k used, 5140760k free, 865316k cached
I wonder why swap memory is not used! I also face auto-restart issue while running few tasks. Does it relate to the swap memory?
uanme -r -> 2.6.18-164.el5
I remember that my i have allocated about 5G for swap memory. However I put it into different partition and far away from root partition due to diskspace partition. Does it matter?
I do not know how to show the swap memory partition or partition map over here.
here is the mount output
/dev/sda2 on / type ext3 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
[Code]....
I have a system with 2G of memory and swap memory of 4G.
This is the output from :
PHP Code:
How could they do to the memory cache to be used as much? Because, occasionally, swap is used and note that the system could use the memory cache does not swap ...
Slackware current 64 multilib.
I currently have a server with the default VolGroup00 that contains logical volumes for the root file system and swap using logical volumes LogVol00 (root) and LogVol01 (swap.) I need to take space from LogVol00 and move it to LogVol01. I have found documentation for increasing the swap, and the resizing the logical volumes. However in the documentation and the man pages it says that I have to reduce the size of teh file system on the logical volume I am going to shrink. I have found documentation resizing the logical volumes but not the file systems.
View 6 Replies View RelatedI'll start by explaining what my system layout currently is. I have Fedora 11 X64 installed on my system, it is an HP Dv9380ca laptop. My system has 2 hdd /dev/sda /dev/sdb. During the setup i set my home directory to reside on /dev/sdb. After booting i realized that my root and swap partition are part of a volume group name vg_sharpfed and are set in fstab as:
/dev/mapper/vg_sharpyfed-lv_root / ext4 defaults 1 1
/dev/mapper/vg_sharpyfed-lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0
Output of Fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x1aecda8d
[code]....
My /dev/sda2 partitions is 100gigs and set as an LVM. Essentially what i am getting at is, if it's possible to temporarily copy / /boot and swap to my second partition, edit grub if needed and fstab to mount to the temp locations, format sda to ext4 create partitions for / /boot and swap partitions, then copy back the original directories edit required fstab to mount the original locations and no longer have them contained in a Logical volume.
i have a RAM of 1 Gb & swap of 1Gb with fedora11 installed, initially in RAM programme memory uses around 300 Mb & cache uses 600-700 Mb , but after some time it starts using swap memory though my programme memory is still around 300 mb, it keeps on increasing swap memory as a result my system keeps on slowing down & finally when swap memory is 100% system almost stops responding but programme memory is still around 300mb.
View 7 Replies View RelatedI run a memory-hungry process (mkcromfs) which consumes more memory than I have physical memory on my latop, so it is paging and swappin and thrashing all the time and loadavg is about 2 (compcache is already in use with usual swap partition as well), but slowly moving forward (Although I afraid it will finally try to allocate >2GB and crash draining 2 days of thrashing).
When I want to use the laptop for something else, I stop the process, start X server, firefox and other programs. The problem is that when I start Firefox the loadavg jumps to 10 and the system becomes almost unresponsive at all (long time to turn on/off caps lock, slow mouse cursor position updates, slow switching from X server to Linux console, slow login).
The stopped mkcromfs still holds a lot of memory (464.8 MiB and slowly falling) and moves it to swap only when more memory is needed for some other program, which results in a great slowdown.
How to tell the Linux to swap out this process entirely (e.g. I'm not intending to resume it in short term), possibly waking from swap other data? Also it will be useful to be able to specify the exact swap device to swap the given process out (for example, mkcromfs's memory is useless in ramzswap).
Update: Now I just write a 400-600M of data from /dev/erandom to tmpfs and it makes mkcromfs to shrink. Is there more proper way?
clarify me with ulimit output and memory limit?
ulimit -a output:
core file size (blocks, -c) unlimited
data seg size (kbytes, -d) 1572864
[code]...
[URL]...
I switched to my onboard Video Card CN896/VN896/P4M900 [Chrome 9 HC]. Here is a bigger problem, compiz dosen't work, hd videos, some flash. I have formated HDD and installed again Ubuntu 10.10. Ubuntu automatic installed the xserver-xorg-video-openchrome. The /etc/X11/xorg.conf is empty.
let me know how to clear cache memory ( RHEL 5.1 ) as it consumes almost 100% physical memory.
View 3 Replies View Relatedwe found that if we use 'top' to show the memory usage of a server (SuSe Linux 10), we can get virtual memory usage as well as 'Resident memory' usage. For virtual mem or a particular process, it is around 1.1GB, which is large but for resident memory, it only consumes 300MB. Are there anyone who knows what the differences are? I would also like to know whether the difference (1.1GB - 300MB) = 800MB are actually available for use by other applications in the system.
View 1 Replies View Related