Server :: 100 Percent Swap Usage With Loads Of Free Memory

Dec 10, 2010

Nagios had alerted me that the server had a very high load average exceeding the critical level (17+), when logging onto the server I found that all 4GB of the swap was in use despite the fact that there was 15GB+ of free memory (and that's not even including memory from cache and buffers!) Because it seems all heavily used pages were being stored in swap, the I/O wait on the server became very high, and 4 kswapd daemons were taking up nearly 100% available CPU. This did coincide with an error reported by Bacula during a backup job while changing to a bad tape...

From /var/log/bacula.log:
Code:
10-Dec 02:11 bacula-sd JobId 1898: End of medium on Volume "4097" Bytes=434,170,000,000 Blocks=217,084 at 10-Dec-2010 02:11.
10-Dec 02:11 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3307 Issuing autochanger "unload slot 4097, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 02:12 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3301 Issuing autochanger "loaded? drive 0" command.
10-Dec 02:12 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3302 Autochanger "loaded? drive 0", result: nothing loaded.
10-Dec 02:12 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3304 Issuing autochanger "load slot 4096, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 02:13 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3305 Autochanger "load slot 4096, drive 0", status is OK.
10-Dec 02:13 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Volume "4096" previously written, moving to end of data.
10-Dec 03:51 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Error: Unable to position to end of data on device "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n): ERR=dev.c:1384 read e
rror on "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n). ERR=Input/output error.

10-Dec 03:51 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Marking Volume "4096" in Error in Catalog.
10-Dec 03:51 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3307 Issuing autochanger "unload slot 4096, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3301 Issuing autochanger "loaded? drive 0" command.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3302 Autochanger "loaded? drive 0", result: nothing loaded.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3304 Issuing autochanger "load slot 4098, drive 0" command.
10-Dec 03:58 bacula-sd JobId 1898: 3305 Autochanger "load slot 4098, drive 0", status is OK.
10-Dec 03:59 bacula-sd JobId 1898: Wrote label to prelabeled Volume "4098" on device "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n)
10-Dec 03:59 bacula-sd JobId 1898: New volume "4098" mounted on device "Tape-1" (/dev/IBMtape0n) at 10-Dec-2010 03:59.
At the same time, these messages starting occuring in /var/log/messages:

Code:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Mem-info:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA per-cpu:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 5 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 5 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 6 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 6 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 7 hot: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 7 cold: high 0, batch 1 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA32 per-cpu:
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:162
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 0 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:48
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 1 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 2 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:18
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 3 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 hot: high 186, batch 31 used:159
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: cpu 4 cold: high 62, batch 15 used:56
...
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 3 HighMem per-cpu: empty
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Free pages: 732052kB (0kB HighMem)
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Active:4232128 inactive:3071288 dirty:158210 writeback:0 unstable:0 free:183320 slab:256840 mapped-file:289545 mapped-anon:3805487 pagetables:13063
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA free:10796kB min:4kB low:4kB high:4kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:10356kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? yes
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 3512 9067 9067
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 DMA32 free:213332kB min:2500kB low:3124kB high:3748kB active:1794108kB inactive:1463220kB present:3596296kB pages_scanned:64 all_unreclaimable? no
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 5555 5555
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 Normal free:41028kB min:3952kB low:4940kB high:5928kB active:3409444kB inactive:1471120kB present:5688320kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 0 HighMem free:0kB min:128kB low:128kB high:128kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: lowmem_reserve[]: 0 0 0 0
Dec 10 03:51:47 07 kernel: Node 1 DMA free:0kB min:0kB low:0kB high:0kB active:0kB inactive:0kB present:0kB pages_scanned:0 all_unreclaimable? no
...
Well to cut a long story short, I fixed the problem by disabling the swap partition with 'swapoff'. After about 30 mins all the swap was freed and the server went back to normal. I don't dare reactivate the swap partition and unfortunately as this is a live server which currently has no fail over, I can't reboot either

Server Spec:
4 * Dual-Core AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 8214
32GB DDR2 ECC RAM
RHEL 5.5, 2.6.18-194.11.3.el5 SMP x86_64
Running many KVM VMs (All CentOS x64) and kksmd is used.
bacula-dir Version: 5.0.0
IBM Tape Drive using lin_tape module version 1.34.0 according to modinfo

And before anybody asks
# sysctl vm.swappiness
vm.swappiness = 10

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