Hardware :: Figure Out If A Box Is Running Just A Single Sda Disk?
Jan 25, 2010
I'm trying to figure out if a box is running just a single sda disk. or if it actually has hardware RAID setup and Linux just sees this virtual sda disk which is actually composed of several drives hidden behind the card. for software raid i know that doing mount command would show something like
/home mounted on /dev/mapper/ddfadasdf34234234234
and for nvidia card it would say something like
/home mounted on /dev/mapper/nvidia_34324234234
but in my case i just see /dev/sda1 mounted on /home
cat /proc/scsci/scsi however see several drives being on the system, dmesg shows the same. But I only see this one drive when doing mount. So basically I have conflicting information. What would be the sure way to figure out if i do have a raid array and if so what raid level I'm running.
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Apr 28, 2011
so I know this is probably one of the most asked questions from Slackware noobs, but i can't seem to find an acceptable answer to this question. How to get wireless networking, working under Slackware linux.I know the tools i should be using(ifconfig, iwconfig) but I have no idea how to use them. I know the init script that I need to edit but I'm not to sure where to get the information it requires, such as the ESSID.I am running 13.1 64bit. I know that the wireless network I want to connect to uses WPA encryption.As well I have never used Slackware before, I've had the most experience with CrunchBang, the problem being wireless worked out of the box for that.
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Mar 16, 2010
For some reason my cron jobs are not running and I can't seem to figure out why.
Here is crontab -l
Code:
SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
[code]...
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Oct 16, 2009
my Fedora 11 system is not starting anylonger. It stops with the message:
Code:
VFS: Can't find ext4 filesystem on dev dm-0
The system told me since a while, that a lot of the sectors of one disk of the (software) RAID compound are failed already. So tried to disconnect each of the disks and start them separately. Unfortunaltly this is not working (for one its is not working at all, the other wents the same far as with both), when I tried to recover the system with the Fedora DVD, it said no distribution found. I am quite new and do not know so much about linux system, so i do not know what further information you could need. Maybe it can be important, that both disks are encryped (the system wents so far, that I can type in the password).
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Aug 1, 2010
I had done a new lucid install to a 1 TB RAID 1 array using the alternate CD a few weeks back. I messed up that system trying to some hardware working that lucid doesn't have drivers for yet, so I gave up on it and reinstalled to a single 80 GB disk that I now want to move over to the RAID array.
I moved all of the existing files on the array to a single folder, then copied all of the folders from the 80 GB disk over to the array with permissions and symlinks (minus the contents of /proc and /sys, which I created empty).
These are the commands I used:
Quote:
p -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /b*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /d*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /e*
cp -a -d -R -v -t /media/raid_array /h*
[Code]....
I tried to change fstab to use the 689a... for root, but when I try to boot, it's still trying to open /dev/disk/by-uuid/412d...
So then I booted from the single disk again and chrooted into the array, then ran update-initramfs -u. I got 3 "grep: /proc/modules: No such file or directory" errors, and "cat: /proc/cmdline: No such file or directory"- so I created directory /proc/modules, created an empty file /proc/cmdline, and ran the initramfs update again. Then I tried to shut down, which hung (probably because I was doing all of this from a terminal window in Gnome), so I killed the power after a couple of minutes.
It's still trying to use /dev/disk/by-uuid/412d... to boot.
What am I missing? I assume I just have to change the UUID to mount as root, but I don't know how.
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Dec 10, 2010
I'm running into a problem where my system is running out of disk space on the root partition, but I can't figure out where the runaway usage is. I've had a stable system for a couple of years now, and it just ran out of space. I cleaned some files up to get the system workable again, but can't find the big usage area, and I'm getting conflicting results.For example, when I do a df it says I'm using 44GB out of 58 GB:
Code:
[root@Zion ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
[code]....
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Mar 19, 2010
We are running IPmonitor to monitor the disk usage on our Linux servers. It does not seem to coincide with what is reported when running df -h. For example on a Red Hat 5.3 server - our IPmonitor shows that 85% is used on the /usr partition, however when I do a df -h on the server it shows that 91% is used. Why there would be a discrepancy? IPmonitor uses SNMP.
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Jul 24, 2011
I am sure that this is a simple fix, but how do you figure out which Ubuntu you are running through ssh? Can I easily figure out if I have 10 or 11?
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Apr 5, 2011
I recently had an issue where one of my RAID1 configured drives died on a Debian box. By die, I mean after post, I am presented with a black screen and flashing cursor, nothing more. I booted into a knoppix shell and did:
mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 --run -u <UUID of the only working drive> /dev/sda1
I could then 'mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/' and see all the contents as I should be able to. However, I cannot boot from this device by itself for some reason. I have reinstalled grub 'grub-install --recheck --rootdirectory=/mnt /dev/sda1' #something like that, can't remember the exact --rootdirectory command without the switch. I restarted, with the failed drive unplugged, and again, I'm faced with the black screen, flashing cursor.
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Jun 23, 2010
I have a single CentOS server with two separate NIC's. I was asked to install an internal Wiki on Apache but have that dedicated to one NIC so it's internal only. Then have just a site running on Apache on the 2nd NIC which is externally accessible. I have never done anything like this and would like tonow how difficult this would be on a single stand alone server that I have above?
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May 28, 2010
I have come across an issue. We have an application for the biotechnology. The application is very heavy so we are trying to run it on cluster. We have four Dell workstation 7500. Each is having 32 GB RAM. But I am not getting the exact method of configuring cluster and node. I have tried Conga (Luci, Ricci). My questions are:1) Is it possible that our application can run on cluster ?2) If its possible then how shall i configure it?
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Mar 25, 2010
Can RAID be implemented on a single hard disk ? If yes, plz give a link for it.
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Jan 3, 2010
I am running Ubuntu 9.10 x64 on a relatively old laptop and I find Grub is taking about 20 seconds to initially load before booting the system. The laptop only has a single 120GB hard drive, and I chose the "use entire disk" option when installing, so I do not have any fancy partitioning scheme.When the system boots I get the "LOADING GRUB" text displayed and then shortly after it just shows the flashing cursor with no text, and stays there for about 20 seconds. After that it finally starts loading the system.All the searching I have done only turned up solutions relevant to people with multiple hard drives. This was not an issue on Grub 1.
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Feb 2, 2010
Recently, one the SMART utility said that one of the drives had failed and another drive was about to fail. I downed the box and hooked them up to my windows machine to run sea tools on them (They are all seagate drives). Sea Tools said that the drives were fine, while ubuntu said they were failing/dead. Yesterday I decided to try to fix one of the drives in the raid. I turned the server off, took the failed drive out, and restarted. Of course the raid didn't work because only 2 of the 3 drives were there, however it had been working w/ only 2 of the 3 drives for a couple months now (I'm a lazy college student). I turned it back off and back on with the drive there just to see if I could get the raid up again, but I havn't been able to get it to go. So far I've tried:
Code:
mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 /dev/sd[b,c,d]
mdadm: no recogniseable superblock on /dev/sdb
mdadm: /dev/sdb has no superblock - assembly aborted
[code]....
I'm looking for a way to trick the raid into working with just 2 drives until I can warranty the seagate and buy an external 1.5 TB drive to use as another backup. how to remove the bad drive from the array and replace it with a fresh drive, without data loss.
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Oct 27, 2009
If you want a full run down as to WHY I want to do this, read here: webhostingtalk.com/showthread.php?t=899909Basically, my ISP could not get my server running stable on a simple raid 1 (or raid 5) so what it came down to was having them install my system on a single disk. I don't exactly like this, main reason being, if the system (or HDD) crashes, I'll end up with another several hours of down time..
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Jun 24, 2009
I dont know if this is possible or not but here what I would like to do. I have 6 linux server and each has 100GB disk space. All of these 6 box are compute nodes and space are not used really. However, If I can combine 6 servershard disk that will in total 6*100GB gives you quite a bigger space. Is there any tool or ways to mount these drive in one volume instead of mounting individually ?
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Jul 1, 2010
I need to install a voice recording application on a server.My problem is that I have four hard disks with 150 GB storage space each. So I have 150*4 = 600 GB Storage available as whole .I need all four hard drives (600 GB ) as single volume to store and retrieve recording .
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Aug 19, 2010
For portability reasons; I am building a standalone kickstart ISO; based of Cent5.2. I am to the point where I can load my ks file (linux ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg), it reads it fine; and performs the install as I want.
Where I am having a problem; is a good way to have the install use upgraded RPM's, not the base; specifically a kernel with a few needed tweaks in it; which is packaged in an rpm.
I attempted to place my kernel rpm's into the CentOS directory and rerun creatrepo; but I simply managed to corrupt the base repo on the install media.
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Jul 7, 2011
I need to copy data from a single HD, which used to be part of a Linux RAID 1. I've googled around, but can't find any clue how to mount partitions from this single HD.
Background: The HD comes from a linux based NAS box Synology DS207+. The NAS uses ext3 as filesystem. Both NAS disks are fine, but the other NAS hardware is dead and not worth repairing or replacing.
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May 5, 2010
I have an Ubuntu Server on (8.10) running under Citrix XenServer (though that shouldn't make a difference).
I installed on a single disk:
xvda1 - 200 MB - /boot
xvda2 - 9.8 GB - LVM (ubuntu-base)
The LVM is:
swap - 1.0 GB
root - 8.8 GB - /
I have successfully gotten this converted to RAID1 by adding a new drive (xvdb) and following the Debian howtoforge article [URL]
What I have not been able to do, is get grub working properly.
If I fail xvdb and reboot the system, everything comes up and I can reboot and run.
If I fail xvda and reboot the system, XenServer gives me a bootloader error. i.e.: no grub
If someone has done this, can they tell me what grub commands to run to get a successful boot of the primary disk fails?
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May 18, 2010
Was wondering if it's possible to set up a single disk with btrfs and then later on convert it to a 'mirrored' array?
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May 3, 2011
im on 10.10(desktop) and mdadm was v2.8.1 from 2008, very out of date so i tried 3.2.1 -> no change. mdadm raid1 read speeds are the same as single disk. note i used the tests in the disk utility benchmarking tool at first --these showed raid 5 atleast to be much better but when i tried dd reads raid5 dropped off with larger data to almost the same (slow) speed as raid1. compare:
[code]....
using two partitions will be enough to show raid1 performs at single disk speed. I dont really want to use a 4 disk raid0 just to get the read speed i should be able to get with raid1 as i dont really care about the size loss. I would of course use raid10 but i have found this suffers from the same problem (achieve same read speed as 2 disk stripe). So whilst im shocked others aren't reporting this, unless there is some obscure reason why my system would give these results i think raid1 in not behaving as it should.
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Jun 16, 2011
Oooookay, so basically the idea I have is that I would like to boot Windows XP over an AoE connection. This is no issue, however the problem comes when I want to have a single, read-only image as the base image and want to be able to boot multiple computers off this image.Licensing issues aside (let's assume that this complies with all licensing issues, or we can think of it as just a conceptual "how could we do this"), the basic issues are thus:Each boot of Windows will require a writable AoE device...The original disk image must be read-only to avoid changes in 1 boot affecting all boots(As far as I know) The AoE device must be a disk image, or some block device rather than a mounted file system (if this is not so, aufs could be used)So the long and the short of this, from what I can tell is that we need a read only device that we can write to.
At the end of a session, the changes to the device will be discarded, so these can be thought of as simple temporary sessions. This means that there is little concern with having changes to the original read-only image effecting the modifications to the "duplicate" images.
I would like to avoid duplicating the image for each instance, however if no solution can be reached then this could be a possibility (every boot, we can copy the image, give the fresh image to the new boot and remove when done)Optimally, changes to the filesystem will be written to a different filesystem (much like what aufs does, however as stated earlier, afaik aufs only deals with 2 mounted file systems, whereas we need the end result to be an image or block device)Sorry if I havn't explained this particularly well, however I've been trying to think of solutions, caveats and generally how to define the problem as I was writing. If you think that this idea is ridiculous because software x handles the problem better, I'd be very pleased to hear about it, but the basic requirement of temporary, network bootable windows xp sessions still applies.
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Sep 1, 2009
Nothing is working,[URL] My bootable pendrive is not seen by grub. The tab in grub, e, gives my 3 partitions only
[URL]
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Aug 25, 2010
I currently am running 10.04.1 and have successfully setup my home web server to run a single website. My current settings are:
-I have registered the domain name annarrankings.com through godaddy
-A record is - host = @ and points to = 71.114.220.3
-CName is - host = www and points to = @
-on my server I have the site running in /var/www
I've done some research and found that to run multiple websites I need to setup VirtualHost.
-So I created a folder /var/www/annarrankings.com and moved my site to that folder
-Edited Apache2.conf to add the following line
-I then went to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled and copied the default file to a new file called annarrankings.com. Here's the annarrankings.com file after I edited it
-I then created a link in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled to the annarrankings.com file in /etc/apache2/sites-available
-Next I editied /etc/hosts
-When i went to enable the site using a2ensite annarrankings.com I got the following
I figured this was ok since I had already created a symbolic link earlier (a result of trying to following multiple tutorials and ..... videos at once) so I reloaded apache2. I created an index.html file in /var/www/ just for testing purposes and when I load www.annarrankings.com I get the file located in /var/www/ instead of the website located in /var/www/annarrankings.com Do I need to change my A record or CName in godaddy or did I just do this completely wrong?
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Jun 10, 2011
Relational databases usually have their data over in /var/lib/something. Users are in /home (with data in /var/www). How can I apply a single total disk space quota across all of these independent software systems (file systems, RDBMS, etc.)?
P.S. There's a bet going on around me as to just how awesome SU is. Let's see what you've got.
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Feb 27, 2011
My system decided to crash on me, hard. It was humming along happily for about 2 months and now doesn't boot. If I boot from hard-disk, I get grub. Launching the first kernel choice hangs. I thought maybe the install was corrupt, so I booted from usb install disk. The usb hdd didn't boot; something about an error trying to access /dev/sda . Unplugging the internal disk and plugging in the usb install disk does result in the system booting. Plugging in the internal disk in a running system usb-booted system does not result in the system detecting the disk.
How do I know if the disk is physically broken? This seems unlikely since it does manage to launch grub consistently. Or is this still possible? How can I try to mount whatever is left? The usb install disk doesn't even list the /dev/sd*. Any pointers on how to reformat the drive if it's not being mounted?
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Oct 13, 2010
I have question about the UNIX sockets. my goal is to connect multiple sockets from a single client to a single server and keep them open...I'm not sure if that is possible to create or not. Do you have any suggestion or an example of code?
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Apr 27, 2010
A few days ago, I got a message that stated I had zero bytes of disk space left.Odd, I thought, but I had been doing video transcribing and thought that may be the issue.I moved a video (4 GB) off the hard drive to an external drive and then went about my business.This morning, I got the message again. I enclosed a screen shot. I moved a few more items off my hard drive - but then was soon out of space again. (Less than an hour later.)I logged in as root and poked around. I noticed that /var/archives had almost 60 GB of data in .tar.gz files.I moved them off to an external drive and am okay for now.
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May 7, 2011
I have a dual boot system that only has about 6.5 GB of total file space for Ubuntu on the disk. Recently I upgraded to 11.04, and have had problems logging on and in downloading and installing programs. Occasionally I get messages that say available memory [edit: I meant disk space, not memory] is too low.
I see from the disk analyzer that a folder called tmp is very large. Can that file be safely deleted? Anything else to clean up and scavenge more space?
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