I am trying to prepare my PowerEdge 2950 before CentOS 5.3 installation(web server). I have hardware RAID 1/10 so I will have 2 virtual disks(VD).
First VDRAID 1) - 2 physical disks
Second VDRAID 10) - 4 physical disks
What should be write policy for the VD(RAID 1) and for the VD(RAID 10)? I would have "/var" and maybe "/tmp" on RAID 10.
I just did a fresh install of Fedora 11 and added Raid 1 following this tutorial: [URL]
Now I see the filesystem when I open 'Computer' in the GUI, and I open it and see 'lost+found', but i can't write to the drive. The option is simply greyed out. And when I view Properties on the drive and go to Permissions, it says 'The permissions of {driveid} could not be determined.'
solve the following problem...mtrr: type mismatch for c0000000,10000000 old: write-back new: write-combiningThis i am getting many lines in DMESG.
View 10 Replies View RelatedI have a 4 disk raid 5 array on my Ubuntu 10.10 box. They are /dev/sd[c,d,e,f].Smartctl started notifying me that /dev/sde had some bad sectors and the number of errors was increasing each day. To mitigate this I decided to buy a new drive and replace it.I have an external 4-bay disk enclosure. I failed /dev/sde via mdadm:
Code:
mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sde
mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sde
[code]...
remove a line starting with specific word with grep. Here is what I found
grep -v '^cc$' data.txt
Here I remove all lines with on 'cc' in that line. But I want the result write back to data.txt
I try several ways
grep -v '^cc$' data.txt > output.txt # works but to another file
echo `grep -v '^cc$' data.txt` > data.txt # didn't work, all carets gone, become one line
grep -v '^cc$' data.txt > data.txt # data.txt is empty after running this
How can I save the result of grep to the input file?
I just did a fresh install of Fedora 11 and added Raid 1 following this tutorial:[URL].. Now I see the filesystem when I open 'Computer' in the GUI, and I open it and see 'lost+found', but i can't write to the drive. The option is simply greyed out. And when I view Properties on the drive and go to Permissions, it says 'The permissions of {driveid} could not be determined.'
View 12 Replies View RelatedI had a working RAID-1 (software raid) under 9.10 and the update to 10.04 failed totally. Now I did a new installation of 9.10 and wanted to have my RAID-1 back ... but how can that be done ?
The first partition has the ID "83", the second one "fd". I was able to create a degraded RAID and was able to get a backup from the "83" disc - but whatever I do with the second disc: its busy and nothing can be done with that.
My question: how can I build the original RAID-1 from these two discs using mdadm ? Actually I've read the documentation, but the documentation also says, that both partitions should have the "fd" ID.
I wasn't sure where to post this question so administrators, feel free to move it.I have a media server I set up running Ubuntu 10.4 Server, and I set up a software raid 5 using 5 Western Digital Caviar Green 2TB 7200RPM 64MB drives. Individually they benchmark (using the Ubuntu's mdadm GUI (pali?somthing...) at about 100-120mb/s read write.I set the raid 5 up with a stripe size of 256kb, and then I waited the 20 hours it took to synchronize. My read speeds in raid are up to 480mb/s, but my write max is just under 60mb/s. I knew my write performance would be quite a bit lower than my read, but I was also expecting at least single drive performance. I have seen other people online with better results in software, but have been unable to achieve the results they have gotten.
My bonnie++ results are more or less identical (I used mkfs.ext4 and set the stride and stripe-width).The PC has 2048mb of RAM and a 2.93Ghz Dual Core Pentium (Core 2 Architecture), so I doubt think that's the bottle neck. These drives are on the P55 (P45*) South Bridge SATA controller.
I have recently installed Debian on my NAS server. I have also configured Samba for sharing the home directory of a nas user i.e. /home/nas To this directory I have read/write from a windows machine using the nas user credentials. When I mount my RAID partition /dev/md0p1 to the /home/nas directory, I then realize that all content in this directory (files and subfolders) is only owned by the root user. When trying to access from the windows machine the /home/nas directory, I do not have any write access, only read. I have tried both the nas and the root user credentials.
I have also attempted the change the ownership of the mounted RAID partition to the nas user with the -R recursive option, but I get for the internal files/subfolders an error "operation not supported".
How can I overcome this problem? - Is there something not done properly in the /dev/md0 array definition (i.e. ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid1 num-devices=2 UUID=bddf8b69:c97967b5:cb104784:7fef7cc3 )?- Is there something not done properly in the /dev/md0p1 mounting (i.e. mount /dev/md0p1 /home/nas)?- Should I do any extra configuration before the mounting etc? I would really appreciate any kind of help I could get.
Some background info
b) After OS boot, when I do a:
# cat /proc/mdstat,
I get:
Personalities : [raid1]
md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1]
4200896 blocks
unused devices: <none>
[Code]...
I'm currently experiencing some serious issues with WRITE performance on a RAID-1 array. I'm running Ubuntu 10.04 64 bit server with the latest updates. To evaluate the performance ran the following test: [URL]... (great article btw!) Using dd to measure, write performance is only at 8.7 MB/s. Read is great though at 74.5 MB/s. The tests were ran straight after rebooting and I have not (YET!) done any kernel tuning or customization, running the default server package of the Ubuntu kernel. Here's the motherboard in the server: [URL]... with a beta bios to support drives over 300GB.
[code]...
As you can see from the bo column there is definitely something stalling. As per top output, the %wa (waiting for i/o) is always around %75 however as per above, writes are stalling. CPU is basically idle all the time. Hard drives are quite new and smartctl (smartmontools) does not detect any faults.
I just did a fresh install of Fedora 11 and added Raid 1 for two additional drives during the install,
So, I have 3 drives. One with the OS, that I boot from. /dev/sdc
Then 2 others in a Raid 1 config, /dev/sda and /dev/sdb -- those are in /dev/md0
Everything with the system is fine. I can boot up, and everything runs great. So then I try to view the Raid and it looks ok when I open 'Computer'. it shows the main OS drive, and what looks like the 2000GB raid drive. So i open it and just see a 'lost+found' folder. Not surprising, b/c I haven't added anything to it. But when I right-click I can't create a folder b/c it's greyed out, I can't drop files in there, and when I get Properties on the drive itself it says 'The permissions of {driveid} could not be determined.'
I have recently migrated my file server over to a HP Microserver. The server has two 1TB disks, in a software RAID-1 array, using MDADM. When I migrated simply moved the mirrored disks over, from the old server Ubuntu 9.10 (server) to the new one 10.04.1 (server).I Have recently noticed that write speed to the RAID array is *VERY* slow. In the order of 1-2MB/s order of magnitude (more info below). Now obviously this is not optimal performance to say the least. I have checked a few things, CPU utilisation is not abnormal (<5%) nor is memory / swap. When I took a disk out and rebuilt the array, with only one disk (tried both) performance was as to be expected (write speed >~70MB/s) The read speed seems to be unaffected however!
I'm tempted to think that there is something funny going on with the storage subsystem, as copying from the single disk to the array is slower than creating a file from /dev/zero to the array using DD..Either way I can't try the array in another computer right now, so I though I was ask to see if people have seen anything like this!At the moment I'm not sure if it is something strange to do with having simply chucked the mirrored array into the new server, perhaps a different version of MDADM? I'm wondering if it's worth backing up and starting from scratch! Anyhow this has really got me scratching my head, and its a bit of a pain! Any help here would be awesome, e-cookies at the ready! Cheers
So I have been doing some RAID 5 performance testing and am getting some bad write performance when configuring the RAID with an even number of drives. I'm running kernel 2.6.30 with software based RAID 5. This seems rather odd and doesn't make much since to me. For RAID 0 my performance consistently increases as I add more drives, but this is not the case for RAID 5. Does anyone know why I might be seeing lower performance when constructing my RAID 5 with 4 or 6 drives rather than 3 or 5?
View 2 Replies View RelatedI have a problem with a few up-to-date installations of CentOS 5.5. I have lost all md (software raid) devices on them some point in the past. They were working ok.
Now the 2 disks are seen as two separate disks, with no link between them.
# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities :
unused devices: <none>
I have a 4 drive RAID 5 array set up using mdadm. The system is stored on a seperate physical disk outside of the array. When reading from the array its fast but when writing to the array its extremely slow, down to 20MB/Sec compared to 125MB/Sec reading. It does a bit then pauses, then writes a bit more and then pauses again and so on.The test i did was to copy a 5GB file from the RAID to another spare non-raid disk on the system average speed 126MB/s. Copying it back on to the RAID (in another folder) the speed was 20MB/s.The other thing is very slow several KB/s write speed copying from eSATA drive to the RAID.
View 9 Replies View RelatedI'm looking to set up a server with attached mass storage device and tape autoloader to run linux. It's set up under Windows at the moment. Goal is to have users, connecting from individual workstations and laptops, backup their data to the linux server. On their personal machine, some users run linux, some MacOS, some Windows. I plan to set up the 5 500 GB drives as RAID5. I understand that if setting up as software raid the format is "physical volume for RAID". Under this setup, will Windows users be able to read/write and function as expected? I can't assume only linux user access.
View 3 Replies View RelatedWhen I try to install my propriety graphics driver. I don't know what it means. Here are the steps I took and what resulted:
killerzen@Decode666:~$ cd ~/Desktop
killerzen@Decode666:~/Desktop$ chmod +x ati-driver-installer-9.2-x86.x86_64.run
killerzen@Decode666:~/Desktop$ ./ati-driver-installer-9.2-x86.x86_64.run
Created directory fglrx-install.pHiKQh
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing ATI Proprietary Linux Driver-8.582
ATI Technologies Linux Driver Installer/Packager
Error: ./default_policy.sh does not support version
default:v2:i686:lib::none:2.6.32-22-generic; make sure that the version is being
correctly set by --iscurrentdistro
Removing temporary directory: fglrx-install.pHiKQh
Today i was going through some of security guides written on linux .Under shadow file security following points were mentioned.1)The encrypted password stored under /etc/shadow file should have more than 14-25 characters.2)Usernames in shadow file must satisfy to all the same rules as usernames in /etc/passwd.3)password for application Username should display * if username is not locked.4)If a user is locked it should be displayed as ! as the first character in second field of shadow file.
Confusion for point 1 and 2:Now i m confused as why the encrypted password should be more than 14-25 characters.Also what rules to satisfy How to check it?Confusion for point 3 and 4:There are lot of users with * as second field i guess they are not locked but according to 4th point there are lot of users with ! as first characters.How would i check whether they are actually locked or not.I m posting the output of /etc/shadow and /etc/passwd files for the account.
I am looking for info about how works automount process, and i didn't find info about the tollowing ...
I wonder ... how can i do to "config" automount process to put all my usb devices in write-back mode as default ... for example ... what file can i change? ... how to do it ?
And another one ... um... how to say to "automount process" ... to put my usb devices into a "deadline" io scheduler .. for example ... how to set io-scheduler for an automount device ?
I am using pam module to set password policy in my SuSE linux machine. This is my /etc/pam.d/common-password file:
Now if root user tries to change the password of a normal user, giving the same password, it is throwing an error saying "Password has been already used. Choose another".
Example:
> passwd user1
> password1 (set successfully)
> passwd user1
> password1 (Password has been already used. Choose another)
This should not happen with the root user.
Ubuntu Documentation > Ubuntu 9.04 > Ubuntu Server Guide > Security > User Management states that there is a default minimum password length for Ubuntu:
Say the password is to be modified by the user using passwd. Is there a command for displaying the current password policies for a user (such as the chage command displays the password expiration information for a specific user)?
This is rather than examining various places that control the policy and interpreting them since the process could contain errors. A command that reports the composed policy would be used to check the policy setting steps.
I am running Kubuntu 10.04 and as part of the registration process for connecting to my college residences network, I have to download and run one of thosese retarded Bradford Dissolvable Agent, it is a bin file and when I execute it I get: :~$ sudo sh Bradford_Dissolvable_Agent.bin Bradford_Dissolvable_Agent.bin: 92: kdalog: not found Bradford_Dissolvable_Agent.bin :: Unable to read policy Now you can ignore the fact it says kdalog instead of kdialog, examining the bin file in kate shows it's just a typo.
I'm not entirely sure what to do regarding kdialog, I assume it is installed (it's there in /usr/bin/), does anyone have any idea how to troubleshoot this further, Here is the first 100 or so lines of the script if anyone wants to take a look:
[Code]....
migrate an installed Ubuntu system from a software raid to a hardware raid on the same machine? how would you go about doing so?
View 1 Replies View RelatedI want to write a shell script which will simultaneously collect OS user information and write in an individual text files.Can anyone tell me the syntax of the script.N.B. The user name will be mentioned in an array within the shell script.
View 8 Replies View RelatedCould any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.
Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:
mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]
I was able to examine the disks though:
Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....
Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.
I,m using Ubuntu 10.10 with Gimp. Ive got a lot of photos etc and need to back these up. Can I anyone suggest a good backup solution which does not require e to keep copying the same files? IE: Once the files are backed up I only want to back the files used since last back up?
View 11 Replies View RelatedI have in /etc/selinux/config:
Code:
SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUXTYPE=mls
Do I have MLS enabled? I can't use Selinux commands. I thought MLS is sort of package to Selinux. I fallowed this:
Code:
[code].....
I'm using Debian Squeeze.
When I invoke apt-cache policy , for example , apt-cache policy zlib1g.
I get the output like:
Code:
And below the line "Version table:" , there is installed package version. I assume 1:1.2.3.4.dfsg-3 is version("epoch"+"upstream version"+"debian revision"), but what does the next "0" means?
I just installed Firestarter on Ubuntu 9.10 64 bit. When I go to the "Policy" tab I cannot add a new rule. The buttons on the tool bar are grayed out. Same with the Policy menu items.
Never mind. I just found that by clicking in the empty area below "Allow connections from host" the + button becomes enabled.
I'm having trouble to configure my debian (2.6.26-2-686) with some routing tuning. In fact, I have a VPN provider. I want my Squid Proxy use this VPN provider and I have to use policy routing because my ISP forbid IP spoofing.
View 2 Replies View Related