General :: Raid Apparently Degraded / Disks Mounted Read Only / How To Proceed
Apr 9, 2011
I have a 3ware controller that has a RAID 1 of two SATA disks.After an outage, the linux box (which is running ubuntu), restarted and the partition is now mounted read only. I only have the "/" mount point (this is a test server).Now, if I go to the 3ware controller by pressing ALT-3 while booting, I don't see any indication that there is something wrong with the disks.If I let the computer boot, I'm asked by fdisk if I want to fix/ignore/etc the inconsistencies found.
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Jun 20, 2010
Basically, I installed Debian Lenny creating two RAID 1 devices on two 1 TB disks during installation. /dev/md0 for swap and /dev/md1 for "/"
I did not pay much attention, but it seemed to work fine at start - both raid devices were up early during boot, I think. After that I upgraded the system into testing which involved at least upgrading GRUB to 1.97 and compiling & installing a new 2.6.34 kernel ( udev refused to upgrade with old kernel ) Last part was a bit messy, but in the end I have it working.
Let me describe my HDDs setup: when I do "sudo fdisk -l" it gives me sda1,sda2 raid partitions on sda, sdb1,sdb2 raid partitions on sdb which are my two 1 TB drives and sdc1, sdc2, sdc5 for my 3rd 160GB drive I actually boot from ( I mean GRUB is installed there, and its chosen as boot device in BIOS ). The problem is that raid starts degraded every time ( starts with 1 out of 2 devices ). When doing " cat /proc/mdstat " I get "U_" statuses and 2nd devices is "removed" on both md devices.
I can successfully run partx -a sdb, which gives me sdb1 and sdb2 and then I readd those to raid devices using " sudo mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sda1 ". After I read devices it syncs the disks and after about 3 hours I see fine status in mdstat. However when I reboot, it again starts with degraded array. I get a feeling that after I read the disk and sync array I need to update some configuration somewhere, I tried to " sudo mdadm --examine --scan " but its output is no different from my current /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf even after I readd the disks and sync.
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Feb 1, 2011
Could any RAID gurus kindly assist me on the following RAID-5 issue?I have an mdadm-created RAID5 array consisting of 4 discs. One of the discs was dropping out, so I decided to replace it. Somehow, this went terribly wrong and I succeeded in marking two of the drives as faulty, and the re-adding them as spare.
Now the array is (logically) no longer able to start:
mdadm: Not enough devices to start the array.Degraded and can't create RAID ,auto stop RAID [md1]
I was able to examine the disks though:
Code:
root@127.0.0.1:/etc# mdadm --examine /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 00.90.00
code....
Code:
mdadm --create --assume-clean --level=5 --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
As I don't want to ruin the maybe small chance I have left to rescue my data, I would like to hear the input of this wise community.
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Jun 11, 2010
so my servers 7 hds in raid 5 all was working well until one of them died. The HD that died sort of works it can read like half a file also freezes on the benchmark test in disk utility. Unfortunate when i take it out on boot it says. The drive for /media_kbt is not ready or present press s to skip or m for manual recovery. I hit s and then go to disk utility. But i can't start or add disks to the array.
Here is me trying to do random stuff
Code:
administrator@3dslice-host:~$ sudo mdadm --stop /dev/md0
[sudo] password for administrator:
mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored.
mdadm: stopped /dev/md0
administrator@3dslice-host:~$ sudo mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sda1
mdadm: metadata format 00.90 unknown, ignored.
[Code]...
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Jun 26, 2011
Ubuntu Server 11.04 i386. I've used linux on and off for years but only in small doses, so I'm really just at newbie level. I was running an Openfiler NAS, but decided to give Ubuntu+Webmin a try. And up 'til now I've been happy with progress. I have set up a RAID-6 array using 5 x 1TB SATA drives. I've ensured that the array is in a "clean" state, and now I want to do some failure testing. The problem occurs when I remove one of the drives in the array. I shutdown, remove a drive, then boot up. The array wont start at all, and comes up with this error during boot:
Quote:
the disk drive for /mnt/raidvol1 is not ready yet or not present
Continue to wait; or Press S to skip mounting or M for manual recovery
If I wait, nothing happens. Obviously the RAID array should start in degraded mode, but it fails to mount at all. When I press "M" to go into manual recovery and type "mount -a" I get the response:
Quote:
mount: special device /dev/RAIDVG1/RAIDLV1 does not exist
I have set BOOT_DEGRADED=true in /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/mdadm without success. If I reconnect the disconnected drive, the array works fine, and is in a clean state.
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Sep 1, 2011
I recently upgraded from 10.04 to 11.04 and I now often get boot messages about a degraded raid.
I'm fairly experienced, but I'm confused which raid it is talking about. I have a raid5 array, but I don't boot of that, and it seems fine when I finally get it to boot. Previously, I didn't have any other raid arrays[1], but now I seem to have two others called md126 and md127, they both seem to be degraded. Where did they come from?
[1] I *do* have two 80GB drives that I was booting from in RAID1, but that was a looong time ago, and I have since only booted from one of them. The partition table indeed shows partitions 1 and 5 are raid autodetect and /proc/mdstat shows they are degraded ([U_]). Could it be that this is causing the problem? If so, why has this only started to happen since the upgrade from 10.04 to 11.04?Anyway, perhaps it is a good idea to add in that second disk to the raid1 array. If so, how to do that? Note that, I've also noticed that when I boot and get to the screen when I select from the different kernel versions, I now get a couple of really old ones too - my thought is that these are from the raid1 disk that I stopped using. If I add it to the array, how can I be sure it will mirror in the correct direction?
It could be that I have fairly recently plugged in that second RAID1 disk, after a long time of not having enough spare sata sockets (I switched my RAID5 array from 8 disks to only 3 disks, so suddenly had a lot more spare sockets).
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Aug 31, 2010
I have been having this problem for the past couple days and have done my best to solve it, but to no avail. I am using mdadm, which I'm not the most experienced in, to make a raid5 array using three separate disks (dev/sda, dev/sdc, dev/sdd). For some reason not all three drives are being assembled at boot, but I can add the missing array without any problems later, its just that this takes hours to sync. Here is some information:
[Code]....
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Sep 10, 2010
My university has a system set up where each class has its own directory for the professors to publish and receive files. These directories reside under a directory in /home which happens to be a mounted disk and are accessible anywhere in the system by referencing ~csXXX where csXXX is a sub-directory within that home directory. How are they doing this and how can I do it on my own systems?
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Feb 12, 2010
No matter which ubuntu version at 95% through the install it will complain that grub failed to install.
I'm installing this on an HP XW6600 with hardware raid striped.
I can use the supergrub rescue CD to boot to ubutu after, but whatever I do doesn't seem to get grub installed.
Any ideas on how to proceed? I'm guessing I need to install grub from scratch.
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Aug 17, 2010
I use slackware 13.1 and I want to create a RAID level 5 with 3 disks. Should I use entire device or a partition? What the advantages and disadvantages of each case? If a use the entire device, should I create any partition on it or leave all space as free?
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Apr 15, 2011
I have a home server running Openfiler 2.3 x64 with 4x1.5TB software RAID 5 array (more details on the hardware and OS later). All was working well for two years until several weeks ago, the array failed with two faulty disks at the same time. Well, those thing could happen, especially if one is using desktop-grade disks instead of enterprise-grade ones (way too expensive for a home server). Since is was most likely a false positive, I've reassembled the array:
Code:
# mdadm --assemble --force /dev/md0 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1
mdadm: forcing event count in /dev/sdb1(0) from 110 upto 122
mdadm: forcing event count in /dev/sdc1(1) from 110 upto 122
[code]....
Right. Once is just a coincident but twice in such a sort period of time means that something is wrong. I've reassembled the array and again, all the files were intact. But now was the time to think seriously about backing up my array, so I've ordered a 2TB external disk and in the meantime kept the server off. When I got the external drive, I hooked it up to my Windows desktop, turned on the server and started copying the files. After about 10 minutes two drives failed again. I've reassembled, rebooted and started copying again, but after a few MBs, the copy process reported a problem - the files were unavailable. A few retried and the process resumed, but a few MBs later it had to stop again, for the same reason. Several more stops like those and two disks failed again. Looking at the /var/log/messages file, I found a lot of error like these:
Quote:
Apr 12 22:44:02 NAS kernel: [77047.467686] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/33
Apr 12 22:44:02 NAS kernel: [77047.523714] ata1.01: configured for UDMA/133
Apr 12 22:44:02 NAS kernel: [77047.523727] ata1: EH complete
[code]....
The motherboard is Gigabyte GA-G31M-ES2L based on Intel's G31 chipset, the 4 disks are Seagate 7200.11 (with a version of a firmware that doesn't cause frequent data corruption).
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Feb 14, 2011
I've got a couple of commercial NAS boxes and I'm wondering if they (ReadyNas duo, DLink DNS-323) or any other NAS is suitable for having their RAIDed disks moved to a software-based NAS. To be specific, I'm a big fan of the (largely) Debian-based Ubuntu. Can the aforementioned NAS drives be migrated to Ubuntu (e.g. using the mdadm Linux command)?
Secondly, is there any commercial NAS that can be migrated over? Incidentally, here is a link to somebody who succeeded in a migration:URL...My specific scenario I'd like to prepare for, is the eventual (sudden) death of one of the NAS motherboards.
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Feb 1, 2011
Every time I mount one partition manually as read write it works fine for a couple of minutes before reverting to read only. It still appears as read-write when I list the mounted directories but won't let me write to it. I have tried unmounting and remounting it, but after a few minutes it always ends up as read-only again.
$ mount
/dev/sda3 on /scratch type ext3 (rw)
$ mkdir /scratch/file
[code]...
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Mar 16, 2011
I administer a remote server via SSH that runs CentOS 5.5. I have been unsuccessful in all my attempts to write to two different external USB hard drives with a single ext3 partition when logged in as root.
When attempting to create a "test" directory I get one of two messages:
Quote:
Both drives *appear* to have filesystem issues. When I run an fsck on either drive, I get:
Quote:
Keep in mind this is a newly-formatted, empty drive.
Not putting stock in the odds that I've had two hard drives (different sizes and brands) with the exact same hardware problem, I'm going to assume this is a software issue, although maybe it isn't. Hence, my post in "Linux - General". I've heard talk elsewhere of controller (chipset) issues coming into play. Is this valid?
Okay, here's the information you'll need to make a diagnosis....
Here's the output of a "df -h" command:
Quote:
Here's the contents of my /etc/fstab:
Quote:
Here's the output of "cat /etc/mtab":
Quote:
Here's the output of a mount command:
Quote:
Here's the output of fdisk on the device in question:
Quote:
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 48641.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help):
I've got someone with access to the box if necessary. But it might take days to implement solutions since this isn't his full-time job. Remote solutions are, therefore, preferable.
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Aug 23, 2010
I am using ubuntu 10.04.My samsung e2120 has external micro sd card of 2GB.When i connect mobile to computer via cable in windows , it works normal as USB mass storage as configured by me in mobile settings.But in case of ubuntu 10.04
Code:
$cp /data/to send/khatarnak shayri.txt /media/E0FD-1813/
cp: cannot create regular file `/media/E0FD-1813/khatarnak shayri.txt': Read-only file system
[code].....
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Sep 27, 2010
I am using Gentoo Linux and for a while now, the root file system is mounted read-only on booting. For obvious reasons, this is quite annoying as most services do not start up correctly (I do not use a separate file system for /var). After the system is up, I have to log in, remount the root file system read-write, fix /etc/mtab, mount all other file systems in from /etc/fstab and then start up all the missing daemons. I know that there are ways to make a system run properly with a read-only file system, but I would rather restore the old behaviour of a writable root file system.
The strange thing is that after running mount / -o remount,rw, the file system is mounted in writable mode without any errors. I suspected some problem with fsck, but now I have disabled automatic file system checks on the partition (tune2fs -c0 -i0).When I run dmesg, only these lines mention the partition at all, although I am not sure if not something gets lost because /var/log is not writable:
EXT3-fs (sda5): mounted filesystem with writeback data mode</code>
EXT3-fs (sda5): using internal journal
The line in /etc/fstab looks like this:
[code]....
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Apr 30, 2011
For some reason we have some network storage not mounted properly after an unexpected restart (ie OS or memory issue) and the subsequent reboot. Has anyone come across this before? It's a bit strange that certain disks are not mounted.Anyway, to detect this, can we insert an extra line into the /etc/inittab to perform post start checks. For example, I have inserted an extra line before the runlevel scripts in /etc/inittab file.
The line will call /usr/local/fstab-check.sh to perform a check on the disks mounted via /etc/fstab. Am thinking of comparing the output from the command "df" versus the content of /etc/fstab.
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Jul 9, 2010
My 4 disk raid is far slower than I expected
measured using: # hdparm -tT /dev/sdb1
Timing cached reads: 32356 MB in 2.00 seconds = 16211.66 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 44 MB in 3.04 seconds = 14.46 MB/sec
[code]....
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Jun 4, 2010
I've been all afternoon trying to install Ubuntu Lucid on my fakeRAID 0 configured (2) HDDs and am unable to set GRUB up. The fake RAID setup is provided by Intel Matrix Storage Manager, it is correctly enabled and the BIOS is also correctly set up -- in fact, I've managed to install Windows 7 with no significant hitch. After struggling with partioning the drives (had to follow advice I found on a very helpful guide online [0]), creating the filesystems AND getting Ubuntu's installer to actually do what it is supposed to do, I now cannot seem to set GRUB up. My system, as it stands, is unbootable at all; via live CD only.
This is how the RAID0 dev is partitioned:
Code:
# fdisk -l /dev/mapper/isw_ecdeiihbfi_Volume0
Disk /dev/mapper/isw_ecdeiihbfi_Volume0: 1000.2 GB, 1000210694144 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121602 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 131072 bytes / 262144 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x6634b2b5 .....
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Aug 16, 2011
I have built a couple RAID's, but I'm uncertain of how I should format the partitions of the raid. Should I format partitions on each disk, and then add them to a raid, or should I create a raid on unformated disks and then format the raid as a partition? Does it matter, and are there performance/reliability issues? I'm creating a RAID-5 using 3 SATA disks on RHEL for user data area.
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Sep 25, 2010
I have implemented LVM to expand the /home partition. I would like to add 2 more disks to the system and use raid 5 for those two disks plus the disk used for /home. Is this possible? If so, do I use type fd for the two new disks and use type 8e for the existing LVM /home disk? Or do I use type fd for all of the raid disks?
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Sep 10, 2010
I have a 7-drive RAID array on my computer. Recently, my SATA PCI card died, and after going through multiple cards to find another one that worked with linux, I now can't assemble the array. The drives are no longer in the order they were in previously, and mdadm can't seem to reassemble the array. It says there are 2 drives and one spare, even though there were 7 drives and no spares. I know for a fact that none of the drives are corrupted, because one of the non-working RAID cards was still able to mount the array for a short period, but would loose the drives during resyncing (I later found out that the chipset on the card was had extremely limited linux support). I have tried running "mdadm --assemble --scan" and after the drive is partially assembled, I add the other drives with "mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdc1". These both return errors and will not complete on the new raid card.
Code:
aaron-desktop:~ aaron$ sudo mdadm --assemble /dev/md0
mdadm: /dev/md0 assembled from 2 drives and 1 spare - not enough to start the array.
[code]....
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Mar 4, 2010
I'm trying to do some RAID managing with mdadm. I would like to sync my spare disk and then remove it from the array for making a backup out of it with dd command (the best way i can think of to get the current image of the whole system as it can't be done using the active RAID as source, because is constantly in use and changing). So, I have RAID1 array with 1 spare and 2 active disks (configuration listed below). Now I would like to force spare to sync and then remove it from array, although not faulty.
However, mdadm man page states:
"Devices can only be removed from an array if they are not in active use. i.e. that must be spares or failed devices. To remove an active device, it must be marked as faulty first."
So, I'd have to mark a disk as faulty (which it is not) to be able to remove it from array. There seems to be several people reporting that they can't remove this faulty flag accidentally given to a drive. And mdadm does not give direct for such operation. Isn't there a way I could remove and add disks whenever feeling like it?? One way would be open the cover and physically remove the disk. I'm not taking the risk, though. System is almost always in use, so there is not much chance for me to power off for temporary disk removal.
RAID CONFIGURATION:
~# mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 00.90.03
Creation Time : Fri Aug 4 17:38:26 2006
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 238950720 (227.88 GiB 244.69 GB)
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Jan 11, 2010
I just bought two 320GB SATA drives and would like to install F11 with software RAID 1 on them. I read an article which explains how to install RAID 1, but it used 3 disks: one for OS and two clones. Do I really need a third disk to install RAID 1 configuration? If 2 disks is enough, then should I select "Clone a drive to create a RAID device" during F11 installation as explained here?
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Jun 25, 2010
I've got 3 extra disks on OpenSuse 11.2 - all the same size. I've created a partition on all of them as type 0xFD. If I then try and add raid in yast I get "There are not enough suitable unused devices to create a RAID."
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Apr 11, 2010
I wanted to merge my 1TB disks into and RAID 5 array, 4 of them in RAID 5 is above 2Terabytes limit of msdos partition tables which grub2 can boot from, so I decided to start up the system from scratch, by building it on GPT partitions, but seems grub2 won't boot from GPT partition because it drops to grub rescue and I can't really do anything from there.
here's my set up:
/dev/md0 (raid 1) - 100MB total:
- dev/sda1, /dev/sdb1, /dev/sdc1, /dev/sdd1
/dev/md1 (raid 5) - 45GB total:
- dev/sda2, /dev/sdb2, /dev/sdc2, /dev/sdd2
/dev/md2 (raid 5) - something bit lower than 3TB:
- dev/sda3, /dev/sdb3, /dev/sdc3, /dev/sdd3
any tips how to have this system up and running? Because I've spent like 3 days jumping over various problems
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Jun 7, 2010
I just had a whole 2TB Software RAID 5 blow up on me. I rebooted my server, which i hardly ever do and low and behold i loose one of my raid 5 sets. It seems like two of the disks are not showing up properly.. What i mean by that is the OS picks up the disks, but it doesnt see the partitions.
I ran smartct -l on all the drives in question and they're all in good working order.
Is there some sort of repair tool i can use to scan the busted drives (since they're available) to fix any possible errors that might be present.
Here is what the "good" drive looks like when i use sfdisk:
Quote:
sudo sfdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 121601 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track
Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0
Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 0+ 121600 121601- 976760001 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty
[Code]....
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Apr 8, 2011
I would like to mirror some of my partitions (i.e. /home) with a software RAID. My primary harddisk is a Western Digital WD20EARS with Advanced Factor (4kB Sectors). The secondary disk is a Samsung HD103UJ with old sector-style (512B). Is it possible to set up a RAID 1 containing a partition with advanced factor an a partition with old sector-style or do both partitions have do be in the same sctor-style?
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Jan 13, 2010
I'm looking to stock my SuperMicro P8SCi with two 1-2 TB SATA hard discs, for running backups and web hosting. There are reviews of certain disks stating that the low-power disks will get kicked out of the Raid due to their slow response time, and it also appears that there have been quality problems with these newer disks, as if the race to size has lowered their reliability.
Can someone recommend a good brand and specific disks that you've had experience with? I'd rather not need to replace these after putting them in, but I also don't want to pay significantly more for an illusion of quality.
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Mar 4, 2009
I'm trying to to determine the speed of my Raid Hot swappable disks. I need to determine if each disk is ether 10,000 rpm or 15000 rpm. I know that each disk is 72GB in size: I have tried to find this information ind/proc/diskinfo and using dmesg but no luck.
Hardware spec:
dl380 with P400 raid controller
/dev/cciss/c0d3: (Smart Array P400) RAID 1 Volume 0 status: OK.
/dev/cciss/c0d3: (Smart Array P400) RAID 1 Volume 1 status: OK.
/dev/cciss/c0d3: (Smart Array P400) RAID 1 Volume 2 status: OK.
/dev/cciss/c0d3: (Smart Array P400) RAID 1 Volume 3 status: OK.
[root@smstcatp11 cciss_vol_status-1.03]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p6 29134940 2806224 24848732 11% /
/dev/cciss/c0d1p1 59122668 20567660 34972516 38% /apps
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 101086 11353 84514 12% /boot
/dev/cciss/c0d3p1 56616620 102716 53056720 1% /cdr
/dev/cciss/c0d3p2 2466732 61816 2279612 3% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d2p1 59122668 626432 54913744 2% /data
none 2073896 0 2073896 0% /dev/shm
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 16516084 78820 15598272 1% /tmp
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 16516084 198828 15478264 2% /var
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