General :: Mirror The Boot Partition On Existing Raid1?
Feb 26, 2011
I have a raid1 setup on a machine. Recently it died and I thought one of the drives had failed as it was shooting errors. So I tried unplugging that drive get it to boot off the mirror but it seems the techs forgot to mirror the boot device so the 2nd drive can't boot on its own. After a while it was realized that the sata cable was in fact bad and replaced so now its working again.
However, this occurrence showed a flaw in the setup where the RAID1 isn't working as its supposed to. I would like to correct this. Can I somehow mirror the boot partition so the 2nd drive will boot independent? I'm not sure how I would go about this. This is a CentOS 5 installation.
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Mar 7, 2011
I am trying to migrate my existing system with one IDE disk , tools installation already done... without loosing informations and having to install once again every things, to RAID1 (soft) with a second IDE disk I tried to do this using somme informations given on forums but i always have a kernel Panic at the end of boot What I did:
The system is going down for system halt NOW!
login as: root
root's password:
/usr/bin/xauth: creating new authority file /root/.Xauthority
[code]....
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Sep 18, 2009
Could we create mirror of the existing volume in Linux. Is yes please let me know the procedure to create the mirror of existing Logical volume in Linux.
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Jun 14, 2010
I installed ubuntu using wubi and then I tried installing grub 2 but it failed. I need a way to reinstall the mbr sp it will load the windows 7 loader from the first partition.
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Apr 10, 2011
I accidentally rm -rf 'ed /etc directory from the main server. The server has raid1 soft-raid. Is there a way to recover the directory.
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Jul 31, 2011
I have an existing Fedora 15 system installed from scratch.I've ordered a harddrive identical to my SDA and want to add it to my existing system as a RAID1 setup.I've googled around and cannot find recent clear instructions how to accomplish this. I don't want to reinstall everything from scratch. It should be possible to create the RAID1 using the existing data disk and then mirror everything up?
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Mar 12, 2011
I've read many of the postings on ICH10R and grub but none seem to give me the info I need. Here's the situation: I've got an existing server on which I was running my RAID1 pair boot/root drive on an LSI based RAID chip; however there are system design issues I won't bore you with that mean I need to shift this RAID pair to the fakeraid (which happens to most reliably come up sda, etc). So far I've been able to configure the fakeraid pair as 'Adaptec' and build the RAID1 mirror with new drives; it shows up just fine in the BIOS where I want it.
Using a pre-prepared 'rescue' disk with lots of space, I dd'd the partitions from the old RAID device; then I rewired things, rebooted, fired up dmraid -ay and got the /dev/mapper/ddf1_SYS device. Using cfdisk, I set up three extended partitions to match the ones on the old RAID; mounted them; loopback mounted the images of the old partitions; then used rsync -aHAX to dup the system and home to the new RAID1 partitions. I then edited the /etc/fstab to change the UUID's; likewise the grub/menu.list (This is an older system that does not have the horror that is grub2 installed) I've taken a look at the existing initrd and believe it is all set up to deal with dmraid at boot. So that leaves only the grub install. Paranoid that I am, I tried to deal with this:
dmraid -ay
mount /dev/mapper/ddf1_SYS5 /newsys
cd /newsys
[code]....
and I get messages about 'does not have any corresponding BIOS drive'. I tried editing grub/device.conf, tried --recheck and any thing else I could think of, to no avail. I have not tried dd'ing an mbr to sector 0 yet as I am not really sure whether that will kill info set up by the fakeraid in the BIOS. I might also add that the two constituent drives show up as /dev/sda and /dev/sdb and trying to use either of those directly results in the same error messages from grub. Obviously this sort of thing is in the category of 'kids don't try this at home', but I have more than once manually put a unix disk together one file at a time, so much of the magic is not new to me.
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Jul 10, 2010
I been trying all day to boot debian on a lvm partition on a raid1. I have found some howtos but they only show how to do it for one or the other not both at the same time. Using those howtos I think I have grub2 setup right the problem is my kernel. It has support for both LVM and Raid built-in. I setup the raid and lvm partitions while running that kernel. But when I use it to boot up the system on the lvm/raid it gives a kernel panic.
The OS is by itself on an old disk sda1. The raid1 is on two other disks sdb1 & sdc1. It is divided into 2 logical partition vg-root & vg-media. I just copied the OS onto vg-root. Then tolled grub to boot to it. The grub entry is like so..I tried setting root=(md0) but that didn't work either. I'm pretty sure the problem is with the kernel but I don't see why since it can it can see the raid and lvm partitions once it is booted up and both the raid & lvm options are built into the kernel so it should be able to see them at boot time.
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Nov 9, 2010
I have a running RHEL5 system, which has two physical disk drives, but is currently running on a single drive of the pair. The single drive the system is running on contains a root/boot partition and a swap partition. I would like to be able to add a mirror drive to this existing setup without having to disturb the running system (much). That is, I don't want to have to completely dump, reinstall (creating the mirror on the way up), and reload from backup media if I can avoid it. I have seen procedures that go as follows:
- the "extra drive" (the one not being used as the current root/boot device) is first brought under LVM control as a root object with one physical mirror attached.
- the data from the running root/boot drive is rsync-ed over to the LVM-controlled half-mirror, and boot records added.
- System rebooted on newly created half-mirror.
- Original root prepped to be second side of LVM mirrored root, and is added in.
Can one boot from an LVM disk directly? There seems to be some question on this that came up in other lists I had read online.
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Jan 28, 2010
I'm trying to set up a RAID1 partition on my Ubuntu 9.10 workstation.On this dual-boot system, Ubuntu is running from a separate drive (/dev/sdc - an SSD that is quite small, which is why I need more disk space). Besides that, there are two traditional 500 GB hard drives, which have Windows 7 installed (I want to keep the Windows installation intact), and about half of the space unallocated. This space is where I want to set up a single, large RAID1 partition for Linux.
(This, to my understanding, would be software RAID, whereas the Windows partitions are on hardware RAID - I hope this isn't a problem... Edit: See Peter's comment. I guess this shouldn't be a problem since I see both drives separately on Linux.)On both disks, /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, I created, using fdisk, identical new partitions of type "Linux raid autodetect" to fill up the unallocated space.
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 10 80293+ de Dell Utility
/dev/sda2 * 11 106 768000 7 HPFS/NTFS
[code]....
But so is "Device or resource busy" when trying to create the RAID array. Quite strange.
Update: Could the device mapper have something to do with this? How do /dev/mapper and dmraid relate to all this mdadm stuff anyway? Both provide software RAID, but.. differently? Sorry for my ignorance here. Under /dev/mapper/ there are some device files that, I think, somehow match the 3 Windows RAID partitions (sd{a,b}1 through sd{a,b}3). I don't know why there are four of these arrays though.
$ ls /dev/mapper/
control isw_dgjjcdcegc_ARRAY1 isw_dgjjcdcegc_ARRAY3
isw_dgjjcdcegc_ARRAY isw_dgjjcdcegc_ARRAY2
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Mar 25, 2010
I want to partition an existing partion(to get room for another partition) without loosing data (without formatting)
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Nov 20, 2009
how to create a new partition from the existing system I am using ubuntu 9.04 as Host system and work on LFS. The command given in LFS book throws i.e
khirod@khirod:/dev$ mke2fs -jv /dev/sda5
mke2fs 1.41.4 (27-Jan-2009)
/dev/sda5 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!
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Jul 14, 2011
I have a 120GB HD that I installed my linux-mint distro to and have been using for a while now, maybe a year or so. However, it has been running great so I haven't paid much attention to the actual install. Recently, I have been getting notifications of very low disk space remaining. I ran gparted and discovered that there is a very large extended partition that doesn't appear to be mounted. Can I just boot into a terminal, set a mount point and be on my way or will this hurt my existing installation? What is the safest set of steps to mount this partition since it looks to be the swap space as well?
Code:
Here is output of fdisk for the drive:
Disk /dev/sdb: 122.9 GB, 122942324736 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14946 cylinders
[Code]....
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Nov 30, 2010
If I have a partition like /dev/hd1 that is unencrypted and want it to be encrypted, but want to keep everything currently in that partition, how can I do that?
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Jan 13, 2011
We have two CentOS 5 servers in production (web and database). We are setting up a single staging server that will mirror the configurations of these servers as closely as possible. What is the easiest way to ensure the exact same software and configs as the production servers are setup on the new staging server. Our contracted data center provider has already informed us that they do not perform images and NO we do not have physical access to the machines. It is undetermined whether we will be virtualizing the staging server into two virtual servers yet, so for the purposes of this post lets assume we are not. I'm seeking a faster/more precise method than doing this by eye and hand.
Some information on our web server code...
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Sep 18, 2010
How would I combine a empty partition with my existing partition? A reinstall is just an option and I need more disk space
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Aug 1, 2011
I just installed Ubuntu server edition to my computer (brand new, no OS) and finished installation. In the terminal I used apt-get ubuntu-desktop to install a desktop interface.In my rig, I have two 500GB HDDs. I set them up through my computer BIOS as RAID1 drives, yet as I understand I still need to configure the Ubuntu software raid for it to work correctly. Unfortunately, I already partitioned my drives! I used the easy way (guided with LVM or whatever) and let it do it for me. Now, RAID1 is very important to me! Is there anyway to repartition the disks to use RAID1, or do I need to wipe my computer and reinstall Ubuntu?
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Feb 11, 2010
I have two hard drives inside an Ubuntu 9.10 machine, each with a data partition on. What I want to do is as I save files to one data partition partition (or delete them) I want the files copying/deleted automatically on the the other data partition. I do not want to start using RAID or end-of-day incremental backups.
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Jul 29, 2010
I have built a small test server. I am planing on using this machine a an email and web server to test out its hosting capacities. in the future I will build a larger and more well equipped version.
AMD Athlon x2 2.0ghz
2 160gb SATA drives (hardware raid 1, done through the Motherboard)
2 gb ram (dual channel)
Like I said small test server. I am trying to install 10.04 server edition. When I get to the point of partitioning it asks me to activate the raid so I do. I get through the guided partitioning and get ready to write the file system to the drives and the screen goes red and says that it has failed. On a side note, this works if i install it on the same drives without any raid configuration.
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Mar 8, 2011
After some hours of googling, I've managed to increase the size of the default ramdisks (/dev/ram0-16) to 1 GiB each, I raided them together with mdadm to try it out, then created a filesyste, mounted it etc etc. No problems. The problem comes when I used gparted to move my windows partition over and in the unallocated space (1 GiB), I created an unformatted partition (/dev/sda2)Now when I try to create the raid array I get the following:
Code:
:~$ sudo mdadm --create /dev/md0 -l 1 -n 2 /dev/ram0 /dev/sda2
mdadm: Cannot open /dev/sda2: Device or resource busy
[code]....
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Jan 14, 2011
I have an existing Dell Precision 690 workstation setup to dual boot Windows XP and CentOS 5.5. These operating systems are installed on two separate drives. I have a grub menu on the Linux drive with it set as drive 1 and points to the windows boot info on drive 2.I tried taking the linux drive and installing it in a new HP Z800 workstation to see if I could be lucky enough to get it to boot, but it didn't. Immediately after it starts to boot I get a few errors.Here is what the system shows:Right after this message "Red Hat nash version 5.1.19.6 starting" I get the following lines:
"Unable to access resume device (LABEL=SWAP-sda2)
mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root'
setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory
[code]...
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Mar 19, 2011
Have 3 linux distros on 3 hard drives. lost one distro from boot loader. how do I restore missing distro to boot loader? drive was not written to when one distro (drive) was updated.Example drives a, b, and c each had listing on boot loader, now after upgrade to distro on drive b order on boot loader is drive b then a and none for c.
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Apr 8, 2010
i tried installing windows 7 on a partition on my laptop but i'm getting this message:"setup was unable to create a new partition or locate an existing system partition "i tried googling and found that it has something to do with the number of partitions:my hard disk layout right now:
p1 ext4 21gb /home
p2 ntfs 64gb
p3 ext3 18gb ubuntu installation
[code]....
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Mar 15, 2009
Yesterday I installed a new server with a large partition for my XEN images. This partition is a about 930GB. The installation tooks ages and after he finished I was finding out why that is. The SoftRAID1 I configured is rebuilding the large partition.
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Jan 14, 2010
Trying to clean install 11.2 dual boot with Win xp already installed. How do I create a new home partition, don't want to preserve the existing home partition from a previous attempt. DVD installation and automatic config keeps saving the thing.
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Dec 10, 2010
I am trying to boot my F13 server that has 3 partitions (sda2,sdb2,sdc2) configured as RAID1 (md0), vg00 is on md0 and / is on vg00/lvol00 and boot is on /dev/sda1, sda3,sdb3 and sdc3 contain other non-OS data and I get the following errors
dracut scanning devices sda3,sdb3,sdc3 for LVM logical volumes vg00/lvol00 vg00/lvol01
.
dracut: Volume group "vg00" not found
dracut: Skipping volume group vg00
dracut: Autoassembling MD Raid
No root device round
and then everything stops
If I go in with rdshell and type in -
[Code]...
Ok I managed to solve it. When I originally installed F13 I had 2 partitions in md0 and later on I added /dev/sdc2 to make it a 3 partition Raid 1 array. My thinking was seeing that I had the extra space it wouldn't hurt to use it as another mirror. One month later after I booted the server I have found out it did hurt. I removed the 3rd partition and now it's fine again. I wonder though if it would be possible though to use that 3rd partition.
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May 17, 2010
I am self teaching everything I need to develop a home-based web server (linux/apache/php/mysql/html/css/etc...) It's quite an undertaking, but not beyond my abilities. I thought this question could have gone in either the linux - software or linux - hardware forum, and certainly not in the n00b section, but I figured it's best be put in the linux - server forum, since that's what this is related to.
I have been looking into the software and hardware RAID solutions for linux because I wanted to make sure that the boot drive of the web server I set up is mirrored with transparent disk fail/replace/recovery. I mean, setting up a boot drive for RAID1 sounded perfectly logical to me, and why wouldn't it to anybody else? So, since I knew RAID controllers were expensive, I looked into the native software RAID support in linux. My findings have revealed an issue with software raiding a boot drive in not only linux but windows as well. Apparently, if the primary drive fails (not the mirror), you have no other option but to power down the system to properly replace the failed disk, reboot, play some config crap, resync the drive, do some more config crap, reboot again, and -hopefully- it'll be ok. Well, that procedure is simply out of the question since the idea behind RAID is to transparently proceed as if nothing happened.
I'd like to know if it's even possible to RAID1 the boot drive for transparent and automatic fail/hot-swap/recover WITHOUT rebooting the system and with no intervention on my part other then replacing the drive whether it be a software raid or hardware raid solution. Eventually, what I'd like to do for a drive configuration is have 3 RAID volumes on the server configured like so:
RAID volume 1 = boot drive w/ webserver installed
RAID volume 2 = database files
RAID volume 3 = flatfile storage
Each raid volume will be a RAID1 of a 1TB drive (total = 6 x 1TB drives)
I've seen a lot of people having failure issues with the software RAID in these forums. Is this more common than not? I'm certainly not opposed to buying a hardware RAID solution as long as they're reliable and provide transparent/automatic recovery. So what's the best way to RAID1 the boot drive for transparent/automatic failover?
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Apr 26, 2011
I sudo apt-get uninstalled a bunch of stuff I shouldn't have. Now my Ubuntu Partition doesn't boot up correctly, something about the graphic system, video system, etc. all being unconfigured. (I'll get the exact error later.) All I can use is the command line.can I install Ubuntu over my old Ubuntu partition without messing up rebooting/GRUB and all that?
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May 7, 2011
I am running ubuntu 10.10 on a drive with 3 partitions. 1 windows and 2 ubuntu partitions.
The ubuntu that I am running right now is on a partition that is too small. I need to either expand it to include the other ubuntu partition or reinstall 10.10 and copy my existing partition to it. Can this be down?
I have this version working the way I like it and have tried 11.04 and am holding of for now. Still the fact remains that my working copy is on a partition that is really too small I only have 2 gig free space on a drive that is a 500gig.
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Jun 10, 2009
I have a doubt with how to add un-used space in my RHEL 4.0(linux) server to a existing partition. I will explain the scenario:-I have some 220 GB space on my linux server as shown by the command as below-
[root@JispNewDB ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/cciss/c0d0: 733.9 GB, 733909245952 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 89226 cylinders
[code]...
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