Debian :: Grub Menu - How To Set Default Format To Use UUID
Sep 21, 2010
I am using Debian lenny (kernel 2.6.26-2-686).
I changed my menu.lst to use
root=UUID=<long uuid string>
instead of the good old
root=/dev/sd...
I did that because, if I boot with a usb drive attached to my computer, sda become sdb and therefor nothing works anymore since my friend Kernel can't mount it's root partition. BTW, it works wonders using the UUIDs. The story darkens each time there is a kernel update, dist-upgrade resets my menu.lst back using the /dev/sd... format. and BANG... no more booting again. I am good to change my menu.lst back each time.
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Mar 15, 2015
I am running Wheezy as my main OS in the first drive in my desktop. I use the 2nd drive for data. I am trying to add another OS to multiboot. When I ran grub-update in Wheezy, I am getting device letter for the root device instead of UUID in grub.cfg, in the os-prober section. Like this
Code: Select allsearch --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6ee49a8e-a619-49c7-9f66-51a5ca9a48cc
linux /boot/vmlinuz-316-x86_64 root=/dev/sdb3
initrd /boot/initramfs-316-x86_64.img
In the same file, UUID was used for the existing kernels.
Code: Select alllinux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-4-686-pae root=UUID=c2eecf02-d427-4f2e-9fd0-9db61256cbac ro quiet
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-4-686-pae
How can I get UUID instead of /dev/sdb3 for the 2nd OS?
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Feb 4, 2010
i have just discoverd i can't enter my windows 7 via grub boot menu i get error 13 Invalid or unsupported executable format what can i do? # This entry automatically added by the Debian installer for a non-linux OS
# on /dev/sdb1
[Code]...
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Feb 11, 2010
Althought /etc/default/grub has GRUB_DEFAULT=6, after grub-update nothing changes and the default menu entry is still the first. Can someone tell me how to change the Grub default menu entry?
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Jan 5, 2011
I have got ubuntu netbook edition installed alongside windows xp and after some custimising i can now only chose the ubuntu option and no others. Can i set settings back to default settings?and how? I guess it would be via terminal commands
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Mar 3, 2010
Yesterday I installed on my laptop (an IBM Thinkpad T42) "virt manager" using the Synaptic Package Manager. I'm running Karmic.
As part of the installation, SPM had me reboot the computer (which is dual-booted with Windows XP, which I use less than 1% of the time). The new GRUB screen came up showing two new initial lines, the first 2 of the following 4 lines:Ubuntu,
Linux 2.6.31-19-generic-pae
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-19-generic-pae (recovery mode)
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-19-generic
Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-19-generic (recovery mode)
When I allow the default choice of the first line to prevail, Ubuntu boots up into a condition in which the Wireless Network Connection fails to open, and in which nothing I've been able to think of makes it open.
If, instead, I scroll down to the third line (which was the initial default choice line, i.e., the default choice line prior to the "virt manager" installation), Ubuntu boots up into a condition in which the Wireless Network Connection operates as usual, viz., immediately.
Scrolling down works, but it would be better, it seems to me, to return to the condition in which the current line 3 either becomes line 1 or else becomes the default bootup choice.
I've used SPM to uninstall "virt manager", but the 2 new intial lines in the GRUB options remain. I understand that with Karmic's version of GRUB, viz., GRUB-2, it is no longer possible to change the bootup menu choices easily.
how I can either eliminate the first 2 lines in my current GRUB screen, or make line 3 the default choice?
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Jun 7, 2010
Well here's what I've done in grub.confpassword --md5 BLABLABLA /grub/admin_menu.lstNow that I enter some password, I can go to that menu and run my pvt. OS.But how to get back to original (or say public or default) grub menu?
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Aug 29, 2010
Due to my script error my boot/grub/menu.lst and etc/fstab files are ruined without being backed up first.
Anyone, the boot/grub/menu.lst and etc/fstab file of Ubuntu 10 LTS installed by default on HD (or whatever).
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Mar 11, 2010
I am trying to recover some data on some drives that are in the same LVM. When I upgraded the motherboard, I had complications getting the drives to all load under the LVM, and in the process I made the mistake of formatting one of the drives. The problem now is that the UUID changed on the drive so when I try to mount the LVM it can't find device with a certain UUID. When I try to set the UUID back to the old one it says 'Invalid UUID format'.
I can set it to a UUID generated through 'uuidgen', si I then noticed that the format of that UUID is different than the old one which I'm trying to set it to. Why is that? Is there a way I can get it to change to the old one in the different format?
The old format: yQtrVB-5jCk-vF10-05c2-AcDL-GNn1-ivdxxh
The new format: d5224587-a6cd-4a66-a12b-d7b75eec5871
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Jul 23, 2010
I need to convert a .jbg image to something else more 'generic' (.jpg, .png) but i discover that thar format seems not to be supported by default. Searching i found that i need jbigkit, so i download it but know dont know how to make it work?
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Apr 9, 2010
I have a question about mounting partitions. I thought of using UUID or LABEL in fstab and menu.1st Is there an advantage of one over the other?
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Apr 26, 2010
I try to get uuid value from variable block got from menu.lst.This try does not work. What is wrong?
Code:
uuid=$( echo $block | awk --re-interval '/(root=UUID=/{ x=gensub(/([0-9a-f-]{36,36})/,"\1","g");
print $1}')
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Jan 2, 2010
I realized that my understanding of UUIDs in Linux to specifying hard disk partitions may be erroneous.
The proverbial wisdom is that one should not use hard-coded device specifications in fstab and in the boot menu.lst, such as /dev/sda1 etc. The reason normally given is that if hard disk order changes or the order of partitions change, then the entries will be incorrect since they are hardcoded to partitions following a specific order.
So my understanding was that using hard disk labels, in the form of LABEL=xxxx, or UUIDs in the form of UUID=some-uuid, would prevent these problems when disk order or partition order changed.
I decided to avoid the use of LABEL in case I wanted to change the LABEL on a partition to make the names of partitions more easily identifiable. I then thought that UUID was ideal since it never changed for a partition no matter even if I moved that partition to another drive or added another hard drive and thus changes the order of hard drives on my computer. I essentially thought that once UUID was determined for a partition, it never changed but was somehow part of the partition in the hardware of my computer.
Then I became curious of how a UUID was determined. I did this because I often make backups of partitions on external SATA drives and wanted to make sure that somehow the backup would not duplicate whatever Linux considers the UUID of a partition and present a Linux distribution with two UUIDS which are somehow the same and therefore confuse the Linux distribution to the point that I could not use it. I am aware that UUID means a unique id, but I wanted to make sure I understand how that unique id is determined in Linux. This is especially true since the tool I use to make backups of an entire partition is a Windows application, and not a Linux application, and I wanted to make sure that the backup partition UUID would not duplicate that of an existing partition.
In my very brief research in how a UUID is generated under Linux it appears that it is not something that is part of the hardware of the partition itself but rather a number generated by some parameters of the partition, one of which is the partition order.
If it is, it means to me that if I move a partition from one place to another, even on the same hard drive, or to another hard drive, a Linux distribution will no longer find the partition based on the UUID. In that case it seems as if the UUID is subject to the same weakness as the device specification in fstab and menu.lst in that the order of a partition or the placement of a partition on a particular hard drive will cause the designation to no longer refer to the same partition. In which case it appears to me that only the LABEL parameter is not subject to this weakness and as long as I keep distinct labels for all partitions on my hard drive I could theoretically move them around at will and a Linux distribution will find them correctly. I am aware of course that my computer must always find the boot partition to be able to boot a Linux distribution, so moving Linux parttions where I want them is subject to the ability of my computer to find them from the MBR of my hard drives. But in the main it now appears to me that the best way to insure that moving partitions does not keep a Linux distribution from botting correctly is to use LABEL, and not UUID, in fstab and menu.lst, and of course to make sure that if I decide to change the LABEL of a partition that I must change its entry in fstab and possibly menu.lst before rebooting that distribution.
If I have been wrong in my latest surmises I would appreciate being corrected, as the information I found on UUIDs and how they are generated may not be correct. Also if there is more exact information on exactly how partition UUIDs are generated in Linux I would appreciating anyone pointing it out to me.
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Jul 22, 2010
A few days ago I booted up my computer as normal and loaded vista. It loaded fine, but then froze at the login window. I restarted my computer but this time when I tried to load vista I got the "Error 13" message. Ubuntu still loads up fine however.
I'm fairly certain that I'm using Grub - Legacy, and since most posts that I see post the contents of the menu.lst file, I will too Code: # menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
## default num
# Set the default entry to the entry number NUM. Numbering starts from 0, and
code....
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Jul 28, 2009
I am testing my crash recovery strategy for my linux system and I am having trouble with GRUB. I am basically restoring my backup (i.e. tar) unto a different hard drive, but I am having problems getting the machine to boot without me having to type the GRUB commands at the GRUB prompt that is presented when the machine boots up off the new hard drive. I have tried to restore the MBR in two ways (the 2nd one is the one that gets me to the GRUB prompt):
1. Get the MBR off the original drive and write it unto the new drive (all via dd), but that did not work at all: the machine hangs right away during boot up. It seems to hang right at the point where the BIOS tries to read the MBR.
Code:
On original drive:
# dd if=/dev/sda of=mbr+part.bin bs=512 count=1
On new drive (new drive is now in place of original drive):
# dd if=mbr+part.bin of=/dev/sda bs=1 count=446 conv=notrunc
2. By using the FEDORA rescue CD, I installed grub unto the new hard drive as follows:
Code:
# chroot /mnt/sysimage
# grub-install --root-directory=/boot hd0
reboot and remove FEDORA CD Using the 2nd option above, I get the GRUB> prompt during bootup. I can then boot into the system by issuing the commands that are in the menu.lst file, followed by the "boot" command. However, I would like for those commands to happen automatically, just like in the original configuration. It seems to me that GRUB is actually finding all its stage files because I doubt the GRUB program (the one displaying the prompt) fits entirely in the 446 bytes it has on the MBR. So, it must be loading its stage 2 (and stage 1.5??) files from my /boot partition. However, if GRUB is loading its stage files off the boot partition, why does it not load/read the menu.lst/grub.conf contained in the boot partition also?
Code:
# ls -l /boot
total 22888
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1274567 2009-05-27 16:39 System.map-2.6.29.4-167.fc11.i686.PAE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1274538 2009-06-16 22:27 System.map-2.6.29.5-191.fc11.i686.PAE
[code]....
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Feb 16, 2010
Something wrong regarding grub2 (on 9.10). Yesterday everything worked fine and has done for several months. I didn't mess with anything yet when I booted from grub today it informed me that my UUID doesn't exist and that it's given up waiting for root device. I should also mention that it no longer does the 3 second count down either (not sure if thats significant). I can boot into my other linux and windows without issue. This only seems to affect all the ubuntu boot option. This is all way beyond me but I've searched around and tried the fix where you add all_generic_ide to the boot command but that didn't work. I also worked out how to check the UUID but the number look alright.
grub.cfg and blkid below:
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
# It is automatically generated by /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig using templates from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s /boot/grub/grubenv ]; then
have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi .....
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Aug 17, 2010
when my grub references the UUID for the root= parameter, I get a kernel crash. If I change the root= parameter to /dev/<partition>, grub boots without a problem (f13 64-bit)
[Code]....
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Aug 6, 2010
I have debian squeeze installed but i also have Fedora 14 installed on another partition, the problem is that i can't get grub to boot into fedora, it boots into debian fine but it won't boot fedora (did i have to install grub to the partition instead of the mbr) and what is the entry for it in the grub.cfg file
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Jun 7, 2010
I recently installed Squeeze. I noticed there are 2 main kernels installed. One first one at the top is 2.6.32-trunk-686 and the other is 2.6.32-3-686. At the time, I did not know or think much about it. Now when I try to get linux headers to compile drivers, I am not finding them. I also read some problems with trunk kernels.
How can I assign the 2.6.32-3-686 kernel to be the default in grub? Is it OK to use it as the main kernel?
Do I need to upgrade the trunk kernel to rid of trunk or just don't use it?
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Aug 5, 2010
Upon booting, the existing grub menu shows the Debian OS, but I also have Ubuntu installed on the same hard disk. It does not show in the menu. Previously I had Debian, Ubuntu, and Mint. In Ubuntu config file (menu.lst) I wanted to delete Mint and an old Ubuntu. I did so. In doing this I must have removed the 'full' menu.lst,leaving only Debian. So now I cannot boot into the new Ubuntu. I presently have only two OS on the hard disk: Debian and Ubuntu. I cant see Ubuntu, How do I correct this problem?
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Mar 12, 2011
I have WinXP, Ubuntu 10.04 and Debian 6.0 installed on my Desktop.
After installing my latest distro, Debian 6.0 WinXP disappeared from my GRUB menu!
Relevant details are:
root@debian-peter:~# fdisk -l Code: Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[Code].....
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Jul 22, 2011
I'm installing debian squeeze and and I've got 2 hdd (sda,sdb), but I want to install it on sdb. When i get to the "Install the grub boot loader on the hard disk" it automatically installs it on /dev/sda (and I get an error), I want to install it on /dev/sdb... Is it possible.
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Jul 14, 2010
I've been away from Fedora for a long time, since FC3/4. I seem to recall that at that time grub in Fedora used the standard drive notation such as /dev/sdax instead of the current UUID. Can anyone tell me why this change was made?
Seems to me that using UUIDs presents severe problems if a drive has to be replaced as the restore media (we all backup, don't we?) would not work without modification. How does one determine trhe UUID of a new drive to change the restore media? Sounds like a chickenand-egg routine. There must be some way which I haven't run accross yet. I do notice through experimentation that the standard notation still works, at least in /etc/fstab.
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Mar 26, 2010
Is there something special I have to do to get grub to use UUID's? I am putting a couple of extra drives into a 9.10 system (default installation) with a SCSI drive for the OS. That SCSI drive was sda when I built the machine but of course gets bumped when I add these other drives. The fstab file contains UUID's. All attempts to boot with the other drives attached fail.
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May 17, 2015
Recently I installed Debuan "jessie". I previously had Windows 8.1 and Xubuntu installed. After installation Debian installed it's own version of GRUB, with entries for Debian, Xubuntu and Windows. The problem is that after I selected Windows when booting, GRUB menu no longer appears. It boots straight into Windows.
It's lenovo Ideapad z510 laptop, with special button that allows me to select between 4 options before booting - one of them is "Boot menu".
I didn't use it before windows "removed" GRUB, but now there are 2 options: Windows boot loader and Ubuntu. When I select Ubuntu it loads my old boot menu (from before installing Debian).
I thought that when I use update-grub from Xubuntu I will at least eb able to boot into debian. After I did that Debian option appeared in the GRUB menu, but it didn't work - black screen.
How to get GRUB menu working again (and avoid replacing it by windows boot loader)?
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Jul 5, 2010
i just installed the Debian on my old laptop. The install went fine but after that, the GRUB menu loads and freezes. I simply can't do anything. I checked menu.lst and the timeout is set to 5 but still nothing happens. It won't load. I then tried to load with the "super GRUB disk"but the same problem - as soon as it loads from the CD, it freezes and I can't do anything. Before I had Xubuntu on the same laptop but there was no Grub menu. It simply loaded. There's only 1 OS on the laptop /currently Debian/ - no windows, no other Linux.
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Feb 19, 2011
At the moment I have a list that has: Debian 6.0 + kernel information etc Debian 6.0 same again (Recovery Mode) Windows XP Home Edition etc when all I really want is: Debian 6.0 Recovery Mode Windows XP you used to be able to just edit menu.lst but it seems not now.
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Mar 11, 2015
Background: I am dual booting Debian and Window 7. Wanted to make windows-loader default and hide grub if possible. Google search took me here: [URL].... (third answer, about editing grub)
Make Windows (ANY variant) the default Grub2 menu option.
Description: This sets Windows as the default boot option, and (with NO user action) the PC will auto-launch Windows on startup.
STEPS:
A. sudo update-grub #List your current menu items
B. Edit setup file
sudo gedit /etc/default/grub
GRUB_DEFAULT=”Windows 7 (loader) on /dev/sda1″ #Set the boot default to your Windows boot partition
[WARNING: Just setting 'GRUB_DEFAULT=n', will NOT work after kernel updates, etc.
Save the file and close.]
sudo update-grub
Question: I must have done something wrong, for update-grub (as root) now gives this: "/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 6: /etc/default/grub: 2: not found"
What should I do now to make grub as it was in the beginning?
[By the way, it's been very difficult to get Debian related pages...]
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Nov 14, 2010
I installed Lenny on a computer and set up grub to boot windows by default with a timeout of 0 Is there a way to interrupt the boot process so I can boot linux? Or can I boot from a flash drive somehow? PS: nothing to do with topic, but I just found out that the top 24 supercomputers run linux , and more besides. That is way cool. check out [URL]..
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Nov 20, 2010
my Setup is Fedora 14 x64 + radeon hd 4830 i've downloaded .run package from ati site with latest driver for x64 systems. installed it, but didn't edited grub.conf becouse i didn't understood anything there (probably didn't spent enough time to get things understand) Now i've lost possibility to enter my Fedora system. during boot it lost it's modern blue boot screen (with filling drop), it was replaced by standard old boot screen with triple-color stripe. after this boot screen monitor start blinking going on and off. and on last step i'm getting "Fedora 14 boot bla bla bla something" on screen. nothing works except Ctrl+Alt+Delete. system reboots showing successful daemons shutting sequence. How can i edit grub menu from initial grub screen is it possible to it's own 'e' option or 'c' from grub command line?
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