Debian Configuration :: Trying To Set Up SSD As Cache Drive To External HDD With Bcache
Sep 22, 2015
I'm trying to set up an SSD as a cache to my external HDD (which is where my installation of Debian testing/stretch is installed). My installation is using LVM 2. I'm trying to have the SSD cache the entire external HDD, and not just one of the partitions (such as the root or home partitions).
Here are the relevant outputs.
uname -a: (Yes, I'm using the Debian stable kernel with Debian testing.)
Code: Select all3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt11-1+deb8u3 (2015-08-04) x86_64 GNU/Linux
lsblk:
Code: Select allNAMEÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â MAJ:MIN RMÂ Â SIZE RO TYPEÂ MOUNTPOINT
sda                 8:0  0 149.1G 0 diskÂ
sdb                 8:16  0 111.8G 0 diskÂ
sdc                 8:32  0 298.1G 0 diskÂ
├─sdc1               8:33  0  243M 0 part /boot
└─sdc5               8:37  0 297.8G 0 partÂ
 └─sdb5_crypt          254:0  0 297.8G 0 crypt
  ├─mydebianhostname--vg-root  254:1  0 14.3G 0 lvm  /
  ├─mydebianhostname--vg-swap_1 254:2  0 11.5G 0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─mydebianhostname--vg-home  254:3  0  267G 0 lvm  /home
sr0Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â 11:0Â Â 1Â Â 25MÂ 0 rom
make-bcache -B /dev/sdc:
Code: Select allCan't open dev /dev/sdc: Device or resource busy
Must I "operate" on this drive via a live session or something.
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Feb 20, 2010
When I plug in my external USB Hard drive which is formatted as a single NTFS partition, it is recognized and mounted automatically, a nautilus window pops open. Unfortunately it is not writable. The reason is: the partition is mounted "ntfs" (which lacks write support) instead of "ntfs-3g". This is the output of mount after plugging in the drive:
$ mount | grep sdc1
/dev/sdc1 on /media/4EBC5FB82435B0EE type ntfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=devkit,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=0077)
I want this partition to be writable by just plugging it in.
The partition should not have any errors because a) I fsck'ed it windows and b) mounting it manually works:
$ sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/sdc1 /media/disk_/
$ mount | grep sdc1
/dev/sdc1 on /media/disk_ type fuseblk (rw,allow_other,blksize=4096)
$ devkit-disks --mount-fstype ntfs-3g --mount /dev/sdc1
Mounted /org/freedesktop/DeviceKit/Disks/devices/sdc1 at /media/4EBC5FB82435B0EE
$ mount | grep sdc1
/dev/sdc1 on /media/4EBC5FB82435B0EE type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096)
$ gnome-mount -nbtd /dev/sdc1
$ mount | grep sdc1
/dev/sdc1 on /media/disk type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096)
How can I get ntfs drives to be mounted as writable by default, preferrably without having to modify fstab?
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Jan 18, 2011
A friend has a website. the site has been moved to another server. I am inside of a private network.
Problem: when trying to reach his website, my browser keeps connecting to the old server which is on another continent
Windows machines have no problem with this. They connect to the new server without issues.
NOW what is hard to understand: even the PING utility is pinging the old server.
I tried these and none works:
- computer restart
- Clear private data in Iceweasel (has ntg to do with PING, but tried...)
- installed nscd and restarted the service
- modified /etc/resolv.conf to point to another nameserver than modified it back
At the same computer, if I reboot and load Windows, the browser has no problem connecting to the new server.
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Nov 4, 2010
When adding repositories, I ran up past the default apt cache limit of 25165824. I found a couple of sources - one that treats apt.conf.d as an individual file, and another that treated it as a folder - which my system does.
Following those guidelines, I went into /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/debconf70 to add a line of code that sets the default to 2x and 4x that limit, and... well, apt doesn't seem to recognize the difference.
Here's the code I added at the end:
So, is there somewhere else that I need to change things? Am I completely off on this? I found a year-old thread on this error in the ubuntu forums, where a gentleman who is now a member of the staff simply suggested to the op "take out that debian repository you listed". It kinda negated the premise for me, you know? I'm kinda hoping there's more that I can do.
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Jan 23, 2011
I have a problem copying my udev rules from other distro to another pc running debian. My box is running debian without any DE and I want my USB disks to be automounted based on the label; I believe udev is the nicest way to do this task.
Anyways : my rules are (copied from archlinux wiki btw)
cat /etc/udev/rules.d/92-my-media-automount.rules
# vim:enc=utf-8:nu:ai:si:et:ts=4:sw=4:ft=udevrules:
# /etc/udev/rules.d/92-my-media-automount.rules
# Only work on sd*
KERNEL!="sd[a-z]*", GOTO="my_media_automount_end"
ACTION=="add", PROGRAM!="/sbin/blkid %N", GOTO="my_media_automount_end" .....
I notice the directory is made successfully up inserting the usb HD, but the mount doesn't succeed. If I manually execute above command, the mount goes ok.
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Jan 9, 2016
Recently (in 2015) our Debian systems started not to recognize HDDs connected via an external docking station.
On my computer I run: (uname -a)
* Linux violin 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt9-3~deb8u1 (2015-04-24) x86_64 GNU/Linux
* If I connect to a flashdrive to the USB2 port, it is recognized as sd* (messages are also written to dmesg/syslog)
* If I connect the USB3 connector of the external docking station with an 1TB WD SATA docked, to this USB2 port (the external docking station has its own power supply, so I do not expect to have a problem with the current, the drive spins up and is spinning), there is nothing in the dmesg/syslog, and no new items under /dev/sd* or lsusb or similar tools.
* If I connect the same external docking station with the same disk via eSATA on a different computer it is recognized. That computer runs the same debian. If I connect through its USB2 port it does not work either.
* I also tried another docking station and USB cable.
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May 25, 2011
I have exim setup on squeeze to run as an "internet site". Outgoing mail works fine but it seems to just ignore incoming smtp requests on port 25. I can see the incoming connection via tcpdump but exim doesn't seem to talk. If I connect via telnet it rather quickly says connection refused. Is there something additional I need in the Exim conf?
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Jun 7, 2010
In my laptop, the optical drive cannot burn dvds. If I get an external usb optical drive do I have to initialize it and how? Also do I have to install some particular packages?
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Mar 4, 2016
I have a little ODROID C1+ ARM box with Debian Jesse installed on a SD card. I am trying to share an entire external USB NTFS drive to all clients (Windows 7, Android) on my network. I had this working until a few days ago when I reflashed an updated distro. Now I can't remember what black magic was involved. iptables is not installed and no firewall is active.I have installed Samba and Caja-share. I have edited the fstab
Code: Select all#4TB Seagate
UUID=*edited*
/media/odroid/Seagate404TB
ntfs
rw,users,permissions,auto
0 0
with the understanding that this would allow permissions to be assigned and saved for NTFS partitions. I then used chmod to assign everything on the drive to nobody:nogroup as I recalled this was necessary from when I last got it to work.SMB.config is currently set as
Code: Select allworkgroup = *edited*
[Seagate 4TB]
path = "/media/odroid/Seagate 4TB"
writable = yes
force user = nobody
with no other changes. The folder /media/odroid/Seagate 4TB has been created. I have right-clicked this folder and shared with Caja-share
Code: Select all[x] Share this folder
Share name: Seagate 4TB
[x] Allow others to create and delete files in this folder
[x] Guest access (for people without a user account)
but so far all I get in Windows when I try to access the share is a prompt for credentials, which is what I want to avoid.
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Dec 10, 2015
I'm running Debian 8.2 and trying to set up so I can plug in a couple of external hard drives that will be used to sync data between systems using rsync.
I've got the rsync bit working how I want, thats not a issue. But what I can't seem to get to work properly is when I plug the devices in, they don't mount automatically.
I've tried various methods to no avail so far, systemd.automount in fstab doesn't seem to want to work, for some reason it gives a I/O error. I've tried setting up udev rules and they don't work either, so I'm a bit of a loss now.
Not sure what info to provide that would be relevant at this time, but can add logs as required easy enough.
This machine is headless, so command line only suggestions would be best. I can access X via the network if I have to, but I'd rather do it by cli for ease of access.
My fstab file
Code: Select all# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>Â Â <type>Â <options>Â Â Â Â <dump>Â <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=9b4e9dae-ea53-439a-a7fe-87c371c03803 /    xfs   defaults    0    1
# /home was on /dev/sda9 during installation
[Code] ....
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Apr 6, 2010
I have successfully mounted my Win7 volume and my external hard drives NTFS volume as well. However, after modifying the fstab I seem to only be getting the win7 volume to auto-mount. Below is the contents of my fstab. /dev/sdf3 is not mounting. Again, it works no problem if I manually mount it.
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
[code]....
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Feb 1, 2010
I've installed libfuse2 and ntfs-3g. Now when I reboot, the drive shows up in fdisk. In Gnome File system, the folder shows up in /media as /media/Storage. I didn't issue the mount command, it went there automatically. In terminal, I can access Storage and read/write to files on it. BUT, if I double-click the folder in Gnome, I get a brief glimpse of all the folders in Storage, then they disappear and the drive unmounts. The desktop icon goes away, and I can't see it when I issue sudo fdisk -l. I can get it back with a reboot. I've tried an entry in /etc/fstab, but that makes no difference. I didn't find anything specific to address this on this forum or after Googling.
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Aug 6, 2010
I have an external usb connected floppy drive that I cannot mount.#fdisk -1 does not show the drive, in my ignorance I thought that it being a usb it would be recognized the same as flash drives and my external usb ide hdd are recognized.The drive does work, I have tested it in windows computers.Does the floppy need special settings?This may be related or it may be another issue totally:The floppy is recognized in gparted although I cannot format the disc to fat16 or fat 32 as they are greyed out.
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Aug 22, 2010
I have a new install of debian on my laptop. When I plug in my external hard drive (usb) I get the message. Invalid mount option when attempting to mount the volume 'External Drive'.
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Jan 20, 2011
Alright, im completely new to linux. I am somewhat knowledgeable with computers in general. My programming instructor for school told us that it would be in our best interest of the course to grab a linux distro and install it on our computers. (Don't ask me why, i dont know)ANYWAY, i am trying to get debian to install on my external USB 1.5TB Seagate HDD Drive. After learning a lot about Murphy's Law, i had to fix my MBR for windows (the windows installation is located on my internal SATA 1.5TB Seagate Drive) because GRUB wouldnt boot to windows unless i had my external plugged in.
So, the natural solution to me was to fix the MBR, unplug the internal, then re-install on my external, it worked. Well to my surprise, this cloud i was on... wasn't cloud 9. NOW, Debian will boot if i have the external plugged in and windows will boot if i have the internal plugged in. The Problem is, when i have both plugged in and my external set as the boot drive i get this weird error and it will not let me boot linux.Now, i have searched for a fix.. But the ones i have tried so far haven't worked or i wasn't sure how to use those fixes(because im new).The error went as follows:/bin/sh can't access tty; job control mode offthen i get a initramfs command line. (I think thats proper terminology)The temporary fix i have going right now is i have my computer open and the SATA cable unplugged so i can boot to Debian.
SUMMARY OF HARDWARE SPECS:1.5 TB INTERNAL HDD (SATA)2 INTERNAL DVD BURNERS3 GIGs of RAM2.8ghz AMD Athlon x2 (I think its 2.EXTERNAL 1.5TB HDDDEBIAN VERSION:I believe its Debian 507 by looking at the download linkhttp://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/5.0 ... etinst.iso
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Nov 10, 2014
i have external hard drive which will be used for windows and i have to format it. i tried with disk utility program but it tells me all the time device is busy. in terminal its too complicated for me.
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Jul 9, 2010
I have the Debian Lenny 5-0-5 DVD's but they are not live bootable. They come with a setup.exe file which copies over the kernel images to boot from windows. Thing is that at the moment I am running the Ubuntu distro of Debian and cannot use the setup to do it. Can anyone tell me how to boot this disk in ubuntu itself?
Also does the debian installer allow you to choose which disk it installs to?(I am talking about the thing in the ubuntu installer that allows you to partition disks and define your own mount points before the install)
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Oct 15, 2015
My laptop has a dual boot Debian + Ubuntu installation.
In particular I am using Debian 8.0 with stock kernel 3.16.0-4 (or equally 4.1.10 custom compiled, I tested it and it does not make any difference for the subject of this post).
Ubuntu is 14.10, with stock kernel 3.19.0-15.
In both installations I have nvidia nouveau drivers and intel integrated graphics drivers installed and loaded. This is the default for both installations.
In both installations I have xorg automatically configured (no xorg.conf file present in /etc/X11). In both systems the content of /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d is the same for what moitors are concerned (differences in mice and trackpad entries).
Unfortunately, the video configuration in Ubuntu 14.10 works out of the box. In particular I can plug in an external monitor/projector and it will fire-up the nvidia card (nouveau drivers) to power that monitor.
Debian 8.0 on the other hand does not even detect the external monitor.
I don't know where to start to solve the problems.
The hardware is as follows: the laptop (lenovo W530) features both an Intel integrated graphics card and an Nvidia K1000M. The VGA port is connected only to the Nvidia card (this is according to my online research, as I don't know how to check this).
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Sep 14, 2014
Debian not booting from USB external SSD drive. Linux 3.2.0-4-686-pae been installed on new SSD, attached to Windows 7 laptop. When I select "USB storage" in Windows boot order menu and try to boot, Linux not booting, every time loading Windows. Is it ever possible to boot linux with such setup?
[URL] .....
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Sep 18, 2015
I have got a 1TB USB hard drive, which I partitioned to be 500GB NTFS and on the other half I installed Debian 8.1.0. During graphical install I selected to install the bootloader not to the MBR but also to the external drive. After completing the installation I wanted to boot into Debian, but it just started Windows, which is installed on my internal. Even after choosing the USB drive in the boot menu, Windows booted. I later installed the bootloader to my internal, then I could boot into both Debian and Windows, but only if my hard drive was plugged in.
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Feb 20, 2016
I have a 2TB external Hard drive that nonetheless is being used for booting Debian off of. I have downloaded the "debian-8.3.0-amd64-netinst.iso" and have extracted it to my external hard drive. The letter assigned to this drive is "I". When I shut it down and enter the boot settings, it asks me for a name and a path for a new boot option. I have tried many different paths including:
Code: Select allI:setup.exe
I:autorun.inf
I:debian.iso
setup.exe
debian.iso
I renamed the original Debian download (debian-8.3.0-amd64-netinst.iso) to "debian" so I didn't have to type the long file name into the path. When I type in "I:debian.iso" as the path and restart it pops up with a grub prompt, in my mind that tells me that some part of the debian.iso file is corrupted.
Specs:
Dual Core i5-3317U, 1.7 GHz, Turbo boosted
8GB RAM
1TB Internal Memory
64-bit OS and processor
Windows 8.1 Default OS
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Apr 12, 2014
I have a WD20EZRX (Green) 3.5" hard drive installed in an external USB3 case (Icy Box IB-351StU3S-B), which is detected as an AS2105 device in Debian 7 (Linux 3.13 from back ports). My computer is a TP X200s. The problem is that the hard drive does not spin down even with hdparm -S timeout set and the file system unmounted. It does spin down with the hdparm -y command, though, and stays that way until accessed. The case also seems to prevent the TP entering standby mode, or at least the indication light is left blinking when the lid is closed. Other than this, the drive works fine. It does have a GPT partition scheme and ext3 file system.
Note that the TP does have only USB2 ports.
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May 22, 2014
My external hard drive (about 2 years old) won't mount. It wouldn't mount on Windows either. Other external hard drives (sdb1) mount perfectly.
I am wondering is there a Linux way of getting the hard drive to work again? The disc spins up so it's not a mechanical failure. I'm guessing here but is there a way of flashing firmware onto the external HD if that might be the problem?
(Seagate 2TB ST320005EXD101-RK)
Code: Select all# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>Â Â <type>Â <options>Â Â Â Â <dump>Â <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda2 during installation
[Code] .....
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Apr 23, 2011
I've got Vista installed on my notebook and I've bought an external drive (1,5 TB, but its size shouldn't matter in this case) and after formatting it I left 10 gigs for future purpose. Now, I decided to install 64bit debian on the unallocated 10 gigs. And so I did. To be precise: I have SATA drive inside my lap and hard drive (it's also SATA inside the cover) connected to my lap through USB. Boot sequence was 1)CD/DVD 2)hard drive 3)removable drive. During the installation the installer detected my internal drive as /dev/sda and my external drive as /dev/sdb. I decided to install grub on /dev/sdb (it was logical to me, since I didn't want to mess up my regular drive's MBR). Installer created 5 partitions on my USB drive. After booting from my external drive (look below*) I've got a message saying
Code:
error: no such partition Entering rescue mode... and after that I was in grub rescue console. When I typed ls I've got an output
Code:
(hd0) (hd0,msdos1) (hd1) (hd1,msdos5) (hd1,msdos2) (hd1,msdos1)
When I tried to type
Code:
ls (hd0)/
I only got a message
Code:
error: unknown filesystem This occured for all the listed devices... On my internal drive there were (during the installation and running the live cd) 3 partitions detected (vista os, data, rescue disk) so I don't understand the output that ls in rescue console gave me. about booting from external drive: I did that after pressing ESC - I've got a prompt to choose which device I want to boot from - this wasn't working properly; after changing the boot sequence the grub started but with the abovementioned error message...
If there's any info about exact names/types/devices of my installed partitions needed I will run live CD and check it. If any other info is required I will provide it (I tried to describe the problem in the most precise way ) What I was thinking about: maybe there is a problem with ordering of the devices - when I boot from DVD my removable disk is treated as the "second one" and after booting from the removable disk it becames the "first one" or something like that? If any of you have any good info on how mapping of the device names works it would be appreciated, since I couldn't find anything useful or I just don't know what to ask google about.
1) How to install Debian on a removable disk (I had no problems with installing Linux on pendrive but I did that from VirtualBox and it was some time ago) OR how to install GRUB on a removable disk? (unfortunately, I cannot install 64bit system through VirtualBox)
2) What's the logic behind naming devices under /dev? How come the devices in grub have their names mapped as hdx etc and I've read that hdx are the names for IDE/ATA drives and sdx is the proper name for a SATA or USB device
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Jan 14, 2009
I have 2 ubuntu's: 1 on my ineternal hard drive, 1 on my external
When I startup without my ext drive =>GRUB error 21.
And when I plug it in I can choose: the standard ubuntu kernel is the one on my external, and the original one is listed under other...
I'd like to be able to startup without external hard drive and make the ubuntu on my internal drve the standard.
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May 30, 2015
I can't mount my external hard drive with the graphic interface of my Xfce desktop anymore, since the latest upgrade.
The disk does show up, but when I try mounting it, I get a pop up window telling me that :
Failed to mount "My_Passport". Not authorized to perform operation.
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Apr 4, 2016
I have spend way too much time on this and it still fails. I installed the debian 8.3.0 AMD64 CD1 iso image on an empty external USB 1TB Western digital My passport Ultra. I use the graphical install method and the installation process of Debian appears to go fine, except it informs me at one point I am missing some nonfree firmware for something with wifi, but that shouldn't relate to this.
*FYI I put GRUB on the external hdd, sdb in this case.
*windows 7 is on the internal hard drive and I excluded it from the boot sequence
* using laptop lenovo t410
I reboot my computer and it hangs with a flashing - in the upper right corner. Never even gets to GRUB. For awhile I thought I might have partitioned something wrong, but I am now convinced that isn't likely. I tried countless number of different partition configs. Separate /boot partition and I also tried using guided partitioning.
I mounted the partitions of the external hard drive using another OS and GRUB appears to be there. So it is there.
I know some Western digital hard drives have added priopertary firmware crap, so I tried installing on a external Seagate drive and it still hangs. I tried installing linux mint on the Western Digital drive and it works fine!
BIOS settings fine. USB settings fine. I tried booting via the boot menu and moving the USB HDD to the top of the list.
I also tried installing with Debian Live on a USB, but that actually has more problems for some reason. I can never get passed the partitioning phase because it fails to create /boot or /swap partitions saying something about how they are still in use and another thing about how the partition table hasn't been updated in the kernal yet.
It seems I might be having this same issue, not sure: [URL] ...
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Dec 16, 2010
I am trying to mount an external USB hard drive. I'm using Debian Lenny 5. I tried to right-click on the hard drive and then select the mount command inside the gnome desktop environment but it gives me an error. Is there an easy way to mount and unmount this hard drive? The hard drive itself is formatted from the factory in NTFS. I'm going to leave it in this file format is a need to use it with Windows machines as well.
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Jul 20, 2010
Having trouble with mounting drives, I have a usb pen drive that mounts no trouble now I've installed ntfs-3g and modified the fstab. however i can't write to it. I get the error as shown in the attached screen shot.
[Code]....
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Mar 1, 2011
Is there a way to permanently, completely and utterly disabling the "feature" that stops me from opening my CD drive? I suspect it is the same thing that asks me if I want to play/mount/etc things when I plug them in. I don't - I just want to be allowed to use my computer without silly hindrances and interruptions. What is it that tries to take over my computer in this way?
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