How does Grub2 find the grub.cfg file?
I have (among others) these partitions:
/dev/sda5 'newsys' - my current system partition (Ubuntu Karmic, 64-bit)
/dev/sda2 'oldsys' - the original system partition
/dev/sda1 'boot' - mounted at /boot when running 'newsys'
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make working entries in grub.cfg. This is taken from Ubuntu 10.10 and despite the do not edit warning, I edited it with sudo gedit /boot/grub/cfg. My computer boots into every OS in the list.
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
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I want to do everything with disk labels. My /etc/fstab is already set up for labels.How can I tell grub2 to use labels? I need it to stop using UUID for root.
View 5 Replies View RelatedI have a "master" IDE HD upon which reside several Linux OSs and a couple of Windoze OSs. The boot system is Mandriva using Grub Legacy and the latter's menu.lst file is where I select which OS I wish to use. I use HD physical carriers for my HDs. I used GPartEd to copy over newly installed OSs on another drive to the "master" HD. The commands in the menu.lst file for Linux OSs are representative as follows:
Name of OS
root (hdx,x)
configfile /boot/grub/menu.lst
Task: Enter Grub2 which, I seem to understand, is a work in progress. I presume that some commands in Grub2 are not recognizable by Grub Legacy. I installed Debian 6 on another drive and I wish to incorporate an entry in the menu.lst file described above using the technique described above. Is it possible to use the menu.lst file in Grub Legacy (0.97) in order to boot the Grub2 Debian OS? Or am I chasing windmills?
I have had it with the frustration of trying to figure out how to successfully install grub on my own, so I am hitting the forums. What can you tell me about installing grub/grub2 (whichever is best -- I want something that works) to my single hard drive computer. Operating systems: Windows XP, xUbuntu 9.10 Hard drive: Samsung SATA 2, 1 TB Desired result: Menu that loads upon boot so that I can select which OS I would like to load without inserting media device or disk.
I thought this individual had the most straight forward and thorough tutorial (of any I have seen) on the subject but precluded at least one thing for me that I cannot afford to ignore: I don't seem to have a "stage1" that can be loaded by the grub shell. Trying to find it in /boot/grub/stage1 in the grub shell, I get... "Error 15: File not found" What I do have in that directory is 'grubenv'. When I boot up, it loads grub, but it comes up with an error message saying, "File not found". Then, all I get is the 'grub rescue' prompt: "grub rescue>".
Obviously, after spending hours on this thing, this is not the whole story. But there have been so many attempts to try fix it with one thing or another, that I cannot easily relate them all, if I could even remember each one.
I have an old BIOS (only 149 GB detected in 160 GB drive). I have installed very few OS as a result - Windows in first 80 GB , 2 distros (20 GB each) in next 40 MB which is within the 149 GB. On issue of "update-grub" grub seems to detect all OS and generates grub.cfg. But on boot , one distro does not appear in the menu.
View 3 Replies View RelatedAfter upgrading to 10.04 from 9.10 Win7 wouldn't startup any more. So I tried this HowTo: [URL] to restore Grub2. But now each time I boot up I get this two lines: error file not found grub rescue> I have NO idea what to do.
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I have an old laptop that I installed EasyPeasy Lucid on. I have never used Grub2 as my other Ubuntu installs still use Grub Legacy. I have studied all the tutorials which instruct that the grub.cfg file should not be edited directly.This old laptop has one of the dreaded Intel graphics chips for which the kernel automatically loads the i915 module. Of course (like a multitude of others with Intel graphics and Lucid) I booted into a black screen but knew the workaround was to enable mode setting through grubI used the
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i915.modeset=1
and added it to /etc/default/grub line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX, just after "quite splash", just
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Sda2 is normally xp windows, but it installs a wrong partition type, and when I apply the mbr.bin, it works again with grub2, nope, it says:
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autochk not found
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# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 60.0 GB, 60011642880 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7296 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0005c9c1 .....
If I put the mbrofxp.bin (bs=512 count=1), then xp boots well but no grub2 so no linux
Here is my problem. Grub2 outputs error: unknown filesystem. Then when i use "ls" command it outputs this:
(hd0), (hd0,4), (hd0,2), (hd1) and when i "ls (hd0,4)/ or any of them it says: error: no such disk
So, heres my story. I dual boot vista and ubuntu from my main 320GB hdd. Today i tried to fresh install 9.10 on a different external hdd. The 500GB hard drive already had two partitions, a 30GB Fat32 and the rest NTFS. both of these partitions had about 17GB used on them. I installed off a cd and i shrunk the NTFS to allow for more partitions. I made a 4gb swap as logical at the end then a primary ext4 / partition in front of it. The drives are Fat32 sdg0, ntfs sdg1, then an sdg3 (which im confused about and says is extension), and sdg4 (with linux) and sdg5 (swap). When finished with the partitions it asked me to select where to mount the ntfs and i said /windows. When i tried to boot up it did not recognize my external apparently because it was plugged in via firewire. I switched to usb and it booted but then i got the error message in grub. Also, when i switched from firewire to usb the drive changed from sdb to sdg. How do i fix this problem? Will reinstalling ubuntu fix this? Is there an easier way? I tried reinstalling grub but it did not work.
I had grub trouble with a hardware change and have been trying to solve this. I think I have done more harm then good. I can not boot into Ubuntu or Windows 7. Here is the boot info script and other info on my problem. Can someone please help me with this,
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Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo os-prober
/dev/sda1:Windows 7 (loader):Windows:chain
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I'm playing with my hard drive partitions and trying out different O/S versions so I want Grub2 to be aware of them on its boot menu. Currently I'm using the maintainer's version of Grub2 that came with karmic. Do I have to do a re-install of Grub2 or is there a makefile I can use? Specific commands that I would need be nice.
View 5 Replies View RelatedA little background: my primary install is fedora 9, I'm migrating to 14, and I need to change some partitioning (but not the F9, which is first on the drive). Because I installed a newer ubuntu a while back, I've been using ubuntu's grub2. That ubuntu partition needs to be moved, so I re-installed the grub 1 from F9 onto the MBR so the F9 doesn't depend on anything else.
This is when I learned grub 1 does not support booting ext4 partitions (which ubuntu uses). However, fedora claims that you can install grub 2 and have it chainloaded from grub 1, and in fact yum install adds a line to your existing grub 1 config to do so. That seemed like a nice solution since then all I would have to do is copy some grub.conf from the ubuntu partition into the F9 grub 2.
However, chainloading grub 2 does not seem to work very well. At all. I get to the grub 2 menu, but any option I choose -- including loading the F9 partition on which both grub 1 and 2 are installed, using the default config created by the installer, leads to an "unrecognized command" error, as if grub 1 was crapping out on a grub 2 config.
Anyone else had this problem? Better yet, has anyone done this successfully with any fedora version? I can backup ubuntu and copy it back in after I re-work my partitions, but while I'd prefer not to have to use grub 2 on the MBR, I'd still like to be able to boot ubuntu.
I recently decided to try out Fedora 12 (which uses Grub, not Grub2) along side my Ubuntu 9.10 which does use Grub2, and Windows 7 (yuck). I would like to use Grub2 to boot (Fedora's Grub does not recognise my 9.10 install). I've searched for a way to simply remove Grub, but have only found ways to remove it by using "the Windows fix" (fdisk /mbr or something similar) which I do not want to do, and I do not want to modify Grub's menu.lst, I just want it gone and to install Grub2. I am most likely going to remove Fedora soon anyway.
View 9 Replies View RelatedI have seen grub2 wreck the system console screen display, be dependant on files in /etc/default and /etc/grub.d and be exteamely hard to configure. Even worse Grub2 settings are distribution dependent and distribution specific.
Something single like vga=nnnn in grub2 involves something akin to these commands in grub2 "set gfxmode=1280x800 set gfxpayload=keep insmod gfxterm insmod vbe" and editing far too many files. I have a steady flickering screen loaded during boot because Ubuntu's usplash image is larger than 640x480 and the vga size is 640x480. Grub2 is reluctant to be anything but user friendly.
Practical question: Does anyone know of a guide that could change grub2 back into the useful and user friendly grub (menu.lst).
I had Arch Linux installed on my machine on sda1 and the Grub legacy that came on their install image on the MBA at sda/. I just did a Ubuntu update and it wanted me to do an update and me thinking grub-install referred to grub legacy, went along with it but now I have Grub2 for my boot menu. There are a few guides on restoring Grub2 I've found but how do I put Grub back on to how I had it? (I thought installing grub legacy from Arch's usb image I have would be simple and fairly automated/easy but it won't let me without doing the previous steps of partitioning drives and selecting packages to install and such so it looks like I'm going to have to do it manually which I haven't done before).
View 3 Replies View RelatedI installed grub2 into a usb flash drive, the system loads grub fine, but then dumps me to the grub> prompt.The only way i can get the system to continue on is to type inCode:configfile /boot/grub/grub.cfgdoes anyone know how to get grub to auto-load the grub.cfg file?
View 2 Replies View Relatedi am running lenny. and at some point my grub started exibiting a strange problem. Grub will not display all the kernels that it finds, it only displays 2 of them out of the 5 grub was finding.the system is working and boots just fine.
I attempted to install GRUB2 which went ok. since my system booted ok i removed GRUB that operation was sucessful and it deleted all the grub files that were not needed.but my system is still booting into grub with the same 2 kernels.Could someone tell me what i can do to either get grub or grub2 to work?
I multi-boot Windows XP and 5 Linux distros on a single hard drive. Some of the distros come and go but I keep at least two that are my daily use distros. My boot loader is grub1 located on a ext3 formatted distro. I have installed a distro that requests the partition be formatted ext4, which I did. I have been trying to edit my grub1 menu.lst so that I can chainload the ext4 distro get errors or it goes to the command line with the last word being Grub. My question is, can grub1 ext3 chainload a grub2 ext4 distro?
Here is a sample of my menu.lst
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title MEPIS at sda7, newest kernel
root (hd0,6)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda7 nomce quiet splash vga=789
initrd /boot/initrd.img
boot
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Mepis is the location of my menu.lst and is ext3 on sda7 and aptosid is the ext4 distro that I am trying to boot on sda9 and it uses grub2.
My working OS uses grub, but I've just installed Sabayon 5.5, which uses grub2, on hda10. I want to keep using grub until I've got time to RTFM on grub2, so I installed the Sabayon bootloader on hda10. I should be able to point grub at the partition and boot indirectly, as with Windows, but after following the grub 'info' page I get an error message. Can anyone point to the error in the following grub script:
title hda10 110330 Sabayon 5.5
rootnoverify (hd0,9)
makeactive
chainloader +1
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I have a raid array using mdadm made up of two drives. The drives have two parts, the first for boot information and the 2nd for LVM. Everything but /boot is under LVM management. Originly the two drives were hooked up to a sata controller in a computer with no on-board sata. However I was not able to get the computer to boot to a sata drive off of that controller. So there was an IDE drive with the MBR that loaded grub.
Now the computer in that setup seems to have died. So the drives were moved to another computer with an on-board sata controller and now the bootup works as far as getting to the grub menu. However after the grub menu the error message "Cannot find root device"
I found the boot info script [URL].. note at the time that was run the computer was running with one drive that has a full Debian install with the raid drive in question mounted and chrooted into. The script was ran from the chroot envirment.[URL]..
I've installed a Squeeze-based distro - Crunchbang - with an encrypted root partition (no LVM), and it won't boot.
Here's what I get: Loading initial ramdisk. Loading, Gave up waiting for root device ALERT! /dev/mapper/hda5_crypt does not exist. Dropping to a shell!
Here's my partition table:
hda1 - Windows (Truecrypted)
hda2 - GRUB2
hda5 - /
hda6 - unused swap
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What should I look for? Where do I go from the initramfs shell? Do I chroot? What then? This might be a Crunchbang issue (although others blame LVM which I didn't use, and it's the original Debian installer after all), but there's gotta be a reason it doesn't boot
I have been fooling around with some of the new kernels and have ended up with a lot of options in my grub at boot. I have been checking this page:[URL].. ... and it appears hiding the entries in grub2 is not as easy as hashing them out (#) which was the convention in grub.
My problem: I have installed kernel 2.6.36 and 2.6.37 just to fool around. Neither works in anything but low-graphics as it seems the ATI graphics driver is not working in either yet. They both also kill my wireless (don't recognise the card). BUT I don't want to completely uninstall them as I'd like to keep playing around as time goes on and they develop. I'd like to just hide them from the menu.
Is there some easy way of doing this? The link I provide only gives options to make the kernel non-executable (overly complicated process) or remove the kernel completely, neither of which I want to do. This used to be simple in grub, open a file and add or remove a #, and - although overall I prefer grub2 - IMHO this 'improvement' seems a little like a backward step. Sure a million people will disagree, but .
I've noticed grub2 has modular structure. Is it possible to insert other Kernel modules into grub? Or can write my own modules to insert into grub?
View 1 Replies View RelatedI've got myself the curious situation where, when I boot the system, I can get grub to start, but it always drops to the prompt.
I can run:configfile /grub/menu.lst
and this brings up the menu with no problems, and from there I can boot the system to either linux or windows. What I don't understand is why it wont go to the menu in the first place?As far as I can tell, grub/Kubuntu got confused when installing, as each of the hd#,# settings in the menu.lst have needed tweaking to let the system boot. (e.g. windows is actually hd0, but the original install had it at hd2. Likewise linux is on hd1, but the menu.lst had it at hd0). I've happily tweaked these to make the system boot, but would appreciate any help in convincing grub to actually load the menu without me having to use the prompt.
I got ubuntu 10.04 lucid lynx along with windows (dual boot) and using Grub. On my computer, I have my C:/ (programs) and D:/ (data). I've never used my D:/ before that day that I've lost my windows partition on my grub menu. I usually use my D:/ with windows. The first time I used my D:/ to store data with linux, I lost my windows option in my grub menu. I'm not sure what I did wrong but I do want to restore my windows option in my grub menu.
After "fdisk -l",
I checked in /boot/grub and there is no menu.lst to modify. how I can get back my windows option in my grub menu ?
I've trawled the internet but can't seem to find the exact same issue, so I've made a new thread. So, I installed Ubuntu onto a 160gb drive. I have other drives in the system, but I disconnected them so that the system drive would be sda. Ubuntu installed perfectly with no issues whatsoever. I connected the other drives in the system, and again it booted up perfectly (although I can't remember whether the 160gb drive remained as sda or became sdd). Then I attached some extra drives temporarily to do some data shuffling.
This moved my system drive to become sdf. My computer booted fine multiple times like this, but when I was finished with the drives I rebooted and suddenly everything broke. For some reason my ubuntu installation showed up in the GRUB twice, and neither of them booted. So, I popped in the Live CD (which I'm using to type this post), and decided to update the grub. I chrooted into my system drive and ran update-grub, but it simply returned something like this:
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I updated yesterday and now when I start my laptop it goes in to grub rescue mode. I have booted from a 'live cd' and thought I could repair grub from there. In gparted however the partition with ubuntu (sda1) is seen as unknown file system, in terminal when I list the partition table it shows up as FAT16 type. When I try a grub-install it gives this error message:
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I changed the grub2 on my /dev/sda to Arch's version, instead of Ubuntu's, and now I keep booting into the initramfs prompt whenever I try to use Ubuntu. The automatic OS detection won't find it when I run the mkconfig command on grub2's wiki, and I currently have the following in /etc/grub.d/40_custom:
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enuentry "Ubuntu Linux" {
set root=(hd0,3)
linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-23-generic
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-23-generic root=dev/sda3 ro quiet
}
Which according to my partition layout, and a double check on gparted, is correct. Do I need to flag it as boot or something else? I tried putting Ubuntu's grub2 back on with the live cd but it kept saying /dev/ was busy.
I'm trying to run 'grub-install /dev/sda', it stays stuck on 'Searching for GRUB installation directory ... found: /boot/grub' after leaving it for an hour, nothing happens. I have tried removing all Grub related packages and installing grub-legacy several times, to no avail.
The machine is quite an old one and is an offline sandbox for a friends kid who likes to tinker with older OSes. The hard disk has failed in it so I have donated an old drive to get the machine back up and running for him, as the menu.lst is a lot easier to modify than the newer grub.cfg, he would like the older grub back.
I've done a few searches particular for Debian 8, but the closest I can find is for Ubuntu here, [URL] ....
I have tried to use both the grub rescue disk and the command line listed in the link above.