General :: Ubuntu Boot Optimization Strategy And Oddity
Jan 7, 2010
I want to get Ubuntu blazing fast and I started out by changing the swappiness to just 10 and got a huge performance spike. I was very happy with that. Then I used rcconf and GNOME's startup applications GUI and edited out quite a bit but still have a somewhat slow boot. Well, the next thing I thought I should do is edit the inittab and rid my self of some surely unneeded services. Well, according to this website, Ubuntu doesn't use this inittab, but etc/event.d doesn't exist either! Well I looked in /etc for something related to init, and I believe I have found where these services are called upon. /etc/init.d and /etc/init.
Now the files contain many scripts for different services so I was wondering how to edit these to turn them off to optimize my boot! Do I comment out the unneeded ones? My next question is what strategy should I use as I edit these? I think I can get rid of "ssh" and "cups" and "samba" since I don't use these. Can someone point me to a nice list of services and their functions? I just want to optimize Ubuntu as much as possible to not only have a fast computer for my self and family to use, but to impress Windows users with the speed that can be obtained from Linux!
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Mar 7, 2011
I'm planning to partition a new hard drive to dual-boot Mint+Mepis. I've read partitioning tutorials and posts, and want to check my understanding--I'd appreciate input from an experienced person.For 500GB hard drive, dual-boot Mint+Mepis:
--Mint: / root partition for OS; /home partition for ease of upgrading
--Mepis: same as Mint
= four partitions
And:
/swap partition to be shared between Mint+Mepis
/shared partition for shared data
= two partitions
Total = six partitions
Since four primary partitions are allowed, I should use three primary partitions and one extended partition containing three logical partitions.Is that correct?If so, what should go where? I assume there's an optimal strategy--Should each /root of Mint+Mepis go in a primary? What should go in the other primary, and in the three logicals? Or maybe I don't need three primaries?--use two primaries and four logicals?
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Apr 8, 2011
I need a new backup strategy for my two machines:
One machine all WinXP
Second machine: Win7 on one hdd; Ubuntu on second hdd
Backup target drives:
Two new WD Caviar drives in vented external enclosure with fan (no RAID)
1) How do I format the target drives to accept Clonezilla images of all three OS's?
2) How do I format the drives to accept incremental data backups from all three OS's done between scheduled imaging?
Second machine (Win7 & Ubuntu) is not yet running, still in delivery box.
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Apr 27, 2010
I'm trying to set the time in an embedded system ... There isn't a link/file /etc/localtime and /usr/ has only two subdirectories /usr/bin and /usr/sbin.Is there something I can try or do I just give up and make UTC be my timezone?
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Sep 6, 2010
I work on Linux for ARM processor for cable modem. There is a tool that I have written (as the job demands) that sends/storms customized UDP packets using raw sockets. I form the packet from scratch so that we have the flexibility to play with different options. This tool is mainly for stress testing routers.I actually have multiple interfaces created. Each interface will obtain IP addresses using DHCP. This is done in order to make the modem behave as virtual customer premises equipment (vcpe).
When the system comes up, I start those processes that are asked to. Every process that I start will continuously send packets. So process 0 will send packets using interface 0 and so on. Each of these processes that send packets would allow configuration (change in UDP parameters and other options at run time). Thats the reason I decide to have separate processes. I start these processes using fork and excec from the provisioning processes of the modem. The problem now is that each process takes up a lot of memory. Starting just 3 such processes, causes the system to crash and reboot.
I have tried the following:-
1-I have always assumed that pushing more code to the Shared Libraries will. when I tried moving many functions into shared library and keeping minimum code in the processes, it made no difference to my surprise.
2-I also removed all arrays and made them use the heap. However it made no difference. This maybe because the processes runs continuously and it makes no difference if it is stack or heap?
3-I suspect the process from I where I call the fork is huge and that is the reason for the processes that I make result being huge. I am not sure how else I could go about. say process A is huge -> I start process B by forking and excec. B inherits A's memory area. So now I do this -> A starts C which inturn starts B will also not help as C still inherits A?. I used vfork as an alternative which did not help either. I do wonder why.
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Jun 1, 2010
I am running a fresh install of Lucid 64bit with Desktop effects enabled and the latest driver from Nvidia 195.36.24 (but had the problem also with the ubuntu repo driver. The issue can be reproduced as follows. Set AWN to group common windows (I believe this is the default) Open several gedit windows (or any other app) Then open firefox and maximize the window (or simply move the window so it's directly above your gedit dock icon.) In the AWN dock, select the gedit icon and try and select an open gedit window. When you click the gedit icon in the AWN dock, you'll see a popup with all of your gedit windows. If you move the mouse to attempt and select one of the gedit's, the menu disappears and you can't select anything.
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May 19, 2011
I have dual monitors (both 1600x1200) and X is set to span them. I prefer to set my Eclipse window to 3200x1100. However, when I use VNC to connect to my desktop, I'd have to pan around a lot, so I use wmctrl via a script to resize Eclipse (and Chrome, etc.) to better fit my smaller VNC viewport.
When I return to my dual-monitor desktop, I want to resize/move my windows again. But wmctrl does not work correctly. If I do
Code:
(from a script), then instead of putting the window at 0,0 and width 3200, the window appears on the second monitor (i.e. at 1600,0) with width 1600. So I must manually resize it which is more difficult.
Am I using wmctrl correctly? Is it not wmctrl's problem but my window manager? I'm using compiz in Ubuntu 10.10.
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Feb 28, 2010
I am using Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic Koala with Firefox 3.5.8 and the Synaptic touch pad driver for laptops. The problem occurs no matter if I choose to reinstall Firefox or the driver, a fresh install of Ubuntu 9.10, or a combination of them. As I browse through Firefox, on no certain, but continually occurring occasion my mouse cursor distorts as I hover over links.
The distortion look as if the cursor is rapidly alternating between its normal state and the link hovering state. The thing is, this happens so rapidly it can become distracting and even downright maddening, as it sometimes doesn't click the link. The best term for the oddity is: it freaks out; it goes crazy. This has happened on various themes and preference settings, so it apparently has nothing to do with that. It does not happen anywhere else apart from Firefox, as far as I know. I think this is a generic Ubuntu-Firefox bug, but I have not been able to retrieve a solution.
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Jan 15, 2010
I typically have pidgin and amsn, as well as firefox and thunderbird running.Once in a while, the left mouse button ceases to function as the left button, and the right button becomes the left button, or almost.. I wonder if this is a bug, or am I hitting the left-handed-mouse function while typing accidentally??
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Jun 20, 2010
I just did my first rsnapshot backup of my /home/ to an external harddisk. When I am not at my computer for a couple of hours, I always shut it down. Therefore, there are no predictable hours of the day where I know that my computer is running. So, how should I schedule/crontab my rotating rsnapshot backups?
Is anyone using rsnapshot in combination with a schedule which is not based on exact times but rather on the time the computer is running?
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Jan 27, 2011
I'm running OpenSuSE 11.3 (64 bit) with the latest kernel update as of yesterday. I've recently moved from NFSv3 to NFSv4 on 4 servers. Between the 4 servers there are 9 exported directories. All of them work except 1 on 1 of the 4 servers.
/etc/exports
# NFSv4 fsid=0 for the top level directory
/export *(rw,fsid=0,async,no_subtree_check,insecure)
# End
# NFSv3
/export/apps/oracle *(rw,async,fsid=7,no_subtree_check,insecure)
/export/ftpserver *(rw,async,fsid=6,no_subtree_check,insecure)
# End
I had to keep the NFSv3 entry as I need that as the mount doesn't work with v4.
/export directory listing
/export:
total 5
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 104 2002-08-08 16:47 .
drwxr-xr-x 33 root root 944 2011-01-25 17:28 ..
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 232 2010-01-26 10:01 apps
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 2010-12-13 12:31 ftpserver
/export/apps:
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 232 2010-01-26 10:01 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 104 2002-08-08 16:47 ..
drwx------ 3 root root 72 2008-08-06 16:40 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 240 2011-01-24 03:00 htdig
drwx------ 3 root root 72 2008-08-06 16:40 lib
drwx------ 2 root root 48 2002-07-02 13:18 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle oinstall 104 2009-01-07 09:59 oracle
drwx------ 5 root root 120 2008-08-06 16:40 usr
Now on any of the 4 servers if I do:
# mount -t nfs4 machinename:/apps/oracle /mnt
mount.nfs4: mounting lister:/apps/oracle failed, reason given by server:
No such file or directory
But the other sub-dir of /export is fine:
# mount -t nfs4 machinename:/apps/ftpserver /mnt
If I mount the pseudo root:
# mount -t nfs4 machinename:/ /mnt
# ls -l /mnt
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 2002-08-08 15:20 apps
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 2010-12-13 12:31 ftpserver
But the apps sub-dir is empty
# ls -l /mnt/apps
total 0
On the server:
# ls -l /export/apps
total 0
drwx------ 3 root root 72 2008-08-06 16:40 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 240 2011-01-24 03:00 htdig
drwx------ 3 root root 72 2008-08-06 16:40 lib
drwx------ 2 root root 48 2002-07-02 13:18 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 4 oracle oinstall 104 2009-01-07 09:59 oracle
drwx------ 5 root root 120 2008-08-06 16:40 usr
Well that explains why the NFSv4 mount of /apps/oracle fails because for some reason it can't "see" any files below that, but as I say the ftpserver sub-dir & mount are fine.
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May 24, 2010
We have Nagios running on a server, and are installing NRPE as a daemon on web servers we need to monitor. I'm two servers in and have hit a small snag. The two servers we're currently trying to monitor are, to the best of our knowledge, very similar (Centos 5.4, Apache, MySQL, PHP etc etc), and the installations of NRPE on them should be the same. One is being monitored just fine, however we can't check on the other one without including the -n switch (to disable SSL) in the check_nrpe call. If we don't, however, the error we get is, "CHECK_NRPE: Socket timeout after 10 seconds.". In /var/log/messages on the machine that fails we see:
May 24 17:23:49 ourserver xinetd[23583]: START: nrpe pid=27932 from=123.123.123.123
May 24 17:23:59 ourserver nrpe[27932]: Could not read request from client, bailing out...
May 24 17:23:59 ourserver xinetd[23583]: EXIT: nrpe status=0 pid=27932 duration=10(sec)
The only kind of related thing I can think of that's different between the two machines is that one (the one that works) has actually had an SSL certificate installed on it, for the site it hosts.
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Jun 22, 2011
Was running 10.10 64-bit on Thinkpad X201. I mistakenly clicked on upgrade this morning (really meant to just do a plain old update)... I tried to stop the process, but nothing that I did could get me out of the upgrade loop... so I eventually was forced to go ahead. Machine boots into 11.04; however, keyboard and mouse doesn't work. I have an external keyboard/mouse combo and that will intermittently work, but questionable. I was able to turnoff Unity; however, Classic doesn't seem to work with either external keyboard or laptop builtin.
My root and home are on separate partitions. I have a very fresh copy of home backed up on a separate drive. I don't have a recent backup of root. If I could get Natty working with Classic (including minimize/maximize) I'd be OK...I'd be also OK with going back to 10.10 if I could do it without too much pain. Meanwhile, I'm using another machine with Windows 7 so that I can at least do some work and come back to resurrecting my machine after I've had a bit of a timeout..
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Jun 25, 2010
Due to the enormous quantity of flash plugin related problems, I decided to expand my tutorials and create this thread to provide support for flash issues (is getting really hard to follow all the flash related threads and provide a decent support)
Current available tutorials:
Flash Optimization
Flash Issues & Solutions
Firefox extensions:
When asking for support, please describe your problem in detail and provide the output of the following commands and instructions. This will make sure I will have a good understanding of your Firefox and Flash installations, so I don't need to guess what might be happening to your system:
1 - Flash Version
Type about:config in Firefox address bar, then type plugin.expose_full_path in the filter, then double-click the same item in the results to make it true. Then type about:plugins in the address bar, find Shockwave Flash, copy the corresponding Path and Version and paste here. it should look lie the image below:
2 - Firefox version and architecture
To find Firefox version and architecture, click "Help >> About Mozilla Firefox" in the menu. The info will be located at the bottom of the info dialog:
3 - System Info
Execute the following commands then copy the generated file, named firefox-report.txt from your Desktop and upload it here or paste the contents.
To execute those commands, select the entire content below, then go to "Applications >> Accessories >> Terminal" and click the terminal with the middle-mouse button.
Code:
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Jul 19, 2015
I think linux must has something like RAM or memory optimization , when system can not find enough RAM .some process must be control and control some process for eat RAM .
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Nov 12, 2009
I'm setting up a Fedora 11 server for the company of one of my friends. So far so good. But now he has asked me to setup access restrictions to folders through samba. Now I'm quite familiar with user access policies, even though I'm quite new to the GNU/Linux world. What I want to know is : what is the best way to give and remove, on the go, rwx access for a specific user to a certain folder in a linux system? Can I create groups for each folders, whose members will have the given permissions? Or do I have to create users for each folder and add to their group the user witch i want to give privilege to?
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Apr 8, 2010
I compiled and install a binary source using "make" and "make install", but after I done that I think it's kind a messy not to build it in package. Therefore I tried to uninstall it and make a package out of it.
Questions:
1. How do I uninstall a compiled binary from "make install"? Some suggested to do it manually. How do I do it cleanly so that I won't miss any spot?
2. I understand that makepkg is used to build a package. I have the binary compressed in tar.gz format and have some difficulties to understand the man page for makepkg since I'm not familiar with "make". How do I build it using makepkg, what is the proper step?
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Oct 3, 2009
I have a rock solid server running CentOS 5.3 (probably 5.4 soon enough). Basic LAMP box with a few tweaks thrown in. Everything is running perfectly, with one problem - the drive is too small (I project it filling up to dangerous levels in 6-8 months). So, what I'm looking to do is basically clone the drive, store the image, pull the current drive and replace with a bigger drive (same number of heads and cylinders though), and install the image.
What I did do once, a million years ago, is put the new drive as a slave on the same IDE cable, and use dd (working from a live CD of the distro) to copy from the master (smaller) to slave (larger). Then, yank the smaller, change jumper on bigger drive from slave to master, and away I go. Next step as I recall was using gparted to get access to all the space on the new, bigger drive.
Is this more less still a reasonable way to go? I recall the issue was making sure the old smaller and new larger drive had the same number of heads/cylinders (although I don't remember exactly why).
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Oct 16, 2010
[URL]. I am installing the above later this week with the intent of it being my OS drive.
Potential Partition Scheme ->
Boot 100 M
Swap 8 Gig
/ -> Balance
/home --> Separate Drive
Does this make sense for a SSD drive. Not sure if I should place the swap on the SSD drive or if there are any issues around any paticular partition set up. I am looking at installing either -> LM 9 / Ultimate Edition 2.8 / Debian / Ubuntu 10.1.
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Sep 6, 2010
I work on Linux for ARM processor for cable modem. There is a tool that I have written (as the job demands) that sends/storms customized UDP packets using raw sockets. I form the packet from scratch so that we have the flexibility to play with different options. This tool is mainly for stress testing routers.
The details are here.
I actually have multiple interfaces created. Each interface will obtain IP addresses using DHCP. This is done in order to make the modem behave as virtual customer premises equipment (vcpe).
When the system comes up, I start those processes that are asked to. Every process that I start will continuously send packets. So process 0 will send packets using interface 0 and so on. Each of these processes that send packets would allow configuration (change in UDP parameters and other options at run time). Thats the reason I decide to have separate processes.
I start these processes using fork and excec from the provisioning processes of the modem.
The problem now is that each process takes up a lot of memory. Starting just 3 such processes, causes the system to crash and reboot.
I have tried the following:- 1-I have always assumed that pushing more code to the Shared Libraries will help. So when I tried moving many functions into shared library and keeping minimum code in the processes, it made no difference to my surprise.
2-I also removed all arrays and made them use the heap. However it made no difference. This maybe because the processes runs continuously and it makes no difference if it is stack or heap?
3-I suspect the process from I where I call the fork is huge and that is the reason for the processes that I make result being huge. I am not sure how else I could go about. say process A is huge -> I start process B by forking and excec. B inherits A's memory area. So now I do this -> A starts C which inturn starts B will also not help as C still inherits A?. I used vfork as an alternative which did not help either. I do wonder why.
reduce the memory used by each independent child processes.
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Nov 7, 2010
My Pastebin for .HTACCESSIf you can offer any tips on improvements..but the main reason: I cannot get the bots to stop showing up.Esp the first one in the list.I need to block these two specifically
Code:
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-GB; rv:1.9.2.8) Gecko/20100722 Firefox/3.6.8
&
[code]....
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Jun 21, 2011
My postfix server has been working great for the last 1-2 years. Lately the number of spams encreased (from 1-2 every day to aprox 8-10 every day per domain for some domains ).I post here the output of postconf -n. Maybe someone gives me some advices about what cat I change or how can I optimize. I must recognise that I don't fully understand details of how postfix and all the restrictions works together, but I will document every advice.
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Mar 31, 2011
Though I have developed some web applications (automation tools) using PHP which have been primarily meant for Intranet (within the organizations I have worked for), I have paid little attention to SEO (it was not required until now). But now I want to understand how do we go about implementing SEO and where do we fit this mechanism in a system / website?
Do we need any other tools or learn some specific programming /scripting language to achieve it?Will implementing a good SEO yield identical results irrespective of what search engine (be it Google or Yahoo!) is being used by users?
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Sep 8, 2010
Having just executed a 11.2 to 11.3 upgrade (KDE), in which I preserved /home from 11.2 to preserve my data and settings, I now wonder if there is a "Best Practice" on how to setup the environment, anticipating future upgrades.Currently, for applications I frequently use and wish to launch from the desktop, I open /usr/share/applications (using Dolphin) and drag the application to my Desktop Folder, choosing the "Copy To:" option.After the recent update, my Desktop Folder files remain those from 11.2 or earlier.It seems now a better practice would be to populate the Desktop Folder with links back to /usr/share/ applications, so that changes would be implemented the the link to a newer file. That would be easily implemented by choosing the "Link To:" option when dragging.
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Jul 12, 2011
I'm trying to get the HP Proliant DL120 G6 server a lot quieter after startup under Ubuntu Server 11.04 (x64).
For now, it seems like there is no fan control at all: when I start the server, the fans start running at max speed, then it slightly lowers to 3.5K-5K RPM. Once there, it never goes down or up. There's just no fan or power control at all.
In no specific order, I will describe as much as I can my situation.
The system is IPMI 2.0 compliant, so when using the ipmitool package I can get the values of the sensors like this:
Code:
I tried to follow the procedures for using the fancontrol package together with lm-sensors, as shown at [url]. One of the very first steps is to launch "sensors-detect", which gives:
Code:
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Feb 23, 2011
I am building a new MiniITX system and partitioning/mounting points for SSD optimization. The majority of / will be on the SSD, but files that are written to often shouldn't be there as the high write operations will diminish the lifetime of the SSD. I will also have a 450G SATAIII drive where I believe that directories like /tmp and /home should be. I also like the idea of a RamDisk for browser/etc files
Intended system:
MoBo: Minix 890GX-USB3
CPU: AMD Phenom II X4 910e Deneb
RAM: G.SKILL 8GB (2 x 4GB) DDR3 1333 (PC3 10666)
HDA: SSD Corsair SATAIII 2.5" 128GB
HDB: Western Digital SATAIII 2.5" 450GB
PSU: Pico 160W PSU
Case: MiniBox M350
OS: Fedora (with Win7 in VM or DualBoot)
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Apr 24, 2011
Does anybody have some thoughts about a local dns server cache size? What is the optimal one? In terms of memory consumption and number of re-enters into the cache. Lets say that default size is 150, so I've change this to 500 and after some time I see 379 re-enters into the cache. Simply put I need to increase the cache size 2 times. But due to the fact that browser preloads dns names it is not possible to interpret the number of overwrites in terms that it is not possible to say if useful cache entries were overwritten or those that the browser precached ( in other words not needed ). In this case it is ok to overwrite unwanted entries because it is not likely that I'll need these entries anyway
I'm running the dnsmasq on an embedded system with limited ram and with an umts dongle attached. It is important to keep the cache size as small as possible to reduce memory usage and at the same time to reduce number of external lookups because dns latency of the umts connection is high (1-2sec for the dns query)
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Nov 16, 2010
we had a CENTOS 5.5 x86_64 machine with 8ered with MySQL 5.0.91-community.Currently we had a very high number of Created_tmp_disk_tables (31k in 4,5 hours!!!).I've read suggestion that we need to increase tmp_table_size, and we've set tmp_table_size to 64M, but this drupal modul's query still cause mysql create tmp table on disk
Code:
SELECT DISTINCT node.nid AS nid,
comments.subject AS comments_subject,
[code]...
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Sep 18, 2010
I want to move files from a $SOURCEDIR to a $DESTBASE/$DESTDIR. Under $DESTBASE there are many directories, and I need to test beforehand if a file from $SOURCEDIR already exists in any of them.
This is obviously extremely slow, and the real use case involves dozens of dirs and thousands of files. Creating a temporary "index" file for the find command (instead of running it every iteration) speeds it up a little, but it's still very clumsy.
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May 4, 2010
upgraded from Karmic to Lucid Friday. All seems OK, except I now have a "Uzb" icon in my taskbar. When I click it, it's the keyboard layout settings, which are now set to "Uzbekistan" by default.When I remove Uzb, to leave just GB, the icon disappears
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