Debian :: Moving Debian From Virtual System To Physical
Feb 19, 2010
I have been learning Debian by using a virtual machine. After fine-tuning my installation procedure, I decided to copy that installation to my physical system. The hard drive already has another Linux based system installed. I plan to dual boot.After copying files I updated fstab and menu.lst.
The partition scheme between the virtual and physical environments are similar, but the partitions are not mapped exactly the same.Thus the Debian system on the physical hard drive fails to boot. I think the initrd created in the virtual machine is looking for the root file system on /dev/hda1 whereas on my physical drive the new location is /dev/sda7.How can I rebuild the initrd on the physical system? Or how can I build an initrd in the virtual system that will function on the physical system.I started to use the installation DVD in rescue mode, but I did not get too far.
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Feb 20, 2010
I have been learning Debian by using a virtual machine. After fine-tuning my installation procedure, I decided to copy that installation to my physical system. The hard drive already has another Linux based system installed. I plan to dual boot.After copying files I updated fstab and menu.lst.The partition scheme between the virtual and physical environments are similar, but the partitions are not mapped exactly the same.Thus the Debian system on the physical hard drive fails to boot simply because the initrd is created for the root partition location on the virtual machine. The initrd created in the virtual machine is looking for the root file system on /dev/hda1 whereas on my physical drive the new location is /dev/sda7.How can I rebuild the initrd on the physical system? I started to use the installation DVD in rescue mode, but I did not get too far.
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Oct 6, 2015
I've been experimenting with Debian coming up with a system with suits my needs. I have done this and I'm wondering, "Do I have to start from scratch on my physical machine or can I convert an existing VDI to IMG and possibly port it to the physical machine?"
System: Debian Testing
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Feb 11, 2011
This may seem like a silly question but I have many servers and sometimes we forget when we login if it physical or virtual running on a VMware system. This makes a diffrence when I try to get a console access etc. So I wanted to know before if its physical or VM.yes I know i can change motd once i get the info or make a list etc. There are many ways not OS related for me to find this info out. But I was wondering if there was a Linux command that I could use when I ssh to a system to check if its physical or logical?I have inventory information etc and vm vsphere to check but that can be time consuming if I just want to check something quick.
uname -a or something like that that would tell me would be cool. I am thinking there is no command as Linux really does not care if its running Vm or physical.
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Dec 30, 2015
I want to move my old system to a new drive. Currently I have Debian installed with following configuration:
I have an encrypted system where everything is encrypted except /boot. Currently I've /boot and / installed on a 16 GB mSata SSD and /home on a regulard HDD. I've got a 500GB SSD for Christmas and want to move the whole system to the new SSD.
I just wanted to ask if I've got the process required to to this down:
1. backup root-directory (/) without and /boot /home using tar keeping file-permissions and owners to ext. hard drive
2. backup /boot and /home separately using the same method
2. replace HDD with SSD remove mSATA SDD.
3. boot via live-usb
4. create appropriate volume groups, partitions, setup encryption etc.
5. extract backups to appropriate partitions
6. chroot to old /.
7. edit fstab
8. reinstall grub
9. create new init ram img.
I'm pretty sure I've got steps 1.-6. down but I'm very shaky on what to do next.
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Apr 28, 2015
I got a rather big problem since an attempt to upgrade.My debian version is 8.0.I upgraded when apt proposed the change. I did that in two steps, with apt-get upgrade and then apt-get dist-upgrade, with the installation of a new kernel. I moved from 3.2.0-4-686-pae to 3.16.0-4-686-pae.Since the upgrade, I can't boot my system any longer.During the boot sequence, this message appears with a countdown (it's copied by hand) :
Code: Select all(1 of 4) a start job is running for dev-disk-byX2du
At the end of the countdown, the boot sequence starts again, and ends up on an invite to log in as root in rescue mode. I can't connect (maybe due to some azerty/qwerty issue, I got a French keyboard. I tried to type in "qwerty mode", with no success (the password is not prompted)).I can connect with the 3.2 kernel however, selecting it form the grub interface. I can't log in in rescue mode either, but with this kernel the boot sequence goes on and I can log as a regular user or as root, at the end of the boot sequence. There is no X, but the system seems to work.What could I do to make the system boot properly with the new kernel, or to go back to the 3.2 version ?
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Feb 20, 2011
I supposed to install a server (mail,dns,dhcp etc) but we need to record all the steps that we're doing, thats why i decided to setup a virtual machine and record everything with Xvidcap (which works great by the way).
The problem:
Now we need to test this server at school which means i have to take my computer to school and setup up a network overthere, whats the big deal about this? my computer case is a huge xclio a380 which weights about 35lbs (not kidding) so taking this thing to school riding a bus 3 hours to get there every weekend is not a good idea.
Is it possible to make a copy of the entire system and put it on a laptop?
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Jan 1, 2011
i need some information about how Debian 5 manage the physical memory . such as the memory management algorithms. i have googled it a lot but i couldn't find it.
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Apr 1, 2011
I am running a Postgres server and after I did the whole installation I realized the Postgres data was set in /usr/pgsql/data. Sda1 is just 10 Gig so I decided to re-organize the partitions to be able to move /usr to say /dev/sda7 with a mount point as /usr. The / partition is on the only primary partition and the rest is on an extended partition. When I tried to resize the primary partition GParted did not give me that possibilty so I decided to move /usr
Original partitions:
sda1 / 10 G on primary partition this includes /usr /var and all others
sda5 swap 2 G on extended partition
sda6 /home 140 G on extended partition
So I did create another partition using Knoppix and Gparted the disk:here is the new picture:
sda1 / 10 G on primary partition this includes /usr /var and all others
code....
I did rsync to copy all the file to /dev/sda7/usr and then mv /dev/sda7/usr* /dev/sda7. I stop the postgres database and services then I mv /dev/sda1/usr to dev/sda1/poufusr . When I rebooted it reports errors from kbd files on /etc File not found. It brings me to a terminal (No GUI) I did a check with :#mount: nothing is reported about sda7
What am I missing ?
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Oct 19, 2010
i am trying to get starting installing debian on my virtual server what is supported for IA64 and i have try'd this few different version(se bellow) and the img fail isin't boting?
debian-503-ia64-businesscard(notice diffrent version tryed to)
debian-503-ia64-CD-1(notice diffrent version tryed to)
debian-503-ia64-netinst(notice diffrent version tryed to)
I have used before virutal server and booted successfully a img file and installed a operating system sow what is wrong?
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Apr 21, 2010
I'm having an issue with setting up the virtual hosts on my web server. I have 2 virtual hosts (example1.com, example2.com). example1.com works but example2.com is sent to the index file of example1.com. I did some searching on google and it seems the problem might be with my /etc/hosts file.
First virtual host that the second is also directed to...in sites-available/sites-enabled (note port 80 is blocked by my isp so I use 8080)
Code:
Second virtual host file
Code:
And my hosts file
Code:
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
Also I'm using a dyndns.org...would that make a difference?
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Apr 20, 2010
I am installing debian onto my external usb hdd, through sun virtual box. The problem is that every time i reboot my hdd the instalation disappears and i need to go through it all again, am i doing something wrong ? or is it not meant to be on an external hdd ?
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Jun 18, 2010
I am renting a virtual server which is running Linux Debian Etch. I have access through the root account.
I am very new to virtual servers, and also very new to Debian Etch. I am happy I found this forum when trying to research on the Internet.
The things I need to know are:
- Comes Debian Etch with a GUI (graphical user interface) which I can use on the rented virtual server?
- And if not, I would like to ask the community here if there are any GUIs which I could install to that server, and how?
I want to be able to access the server in a much easier way than to have to type each command. I want to use that server to host domains, as soon as I am more self-confident with Debian Etch.
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Mar 3, 2010
I am new to Linux kernel/user space programming having been an assembly programmer in my previous life. I am now using 2.6.x kernel on an embedded CPU that has a few dedicated hardware blocks (including more CPU running just C-code, i.e., no operating system). There is a single DRAM connected to this chip with one Linux CPU + multiple h/w blocks. No swapping.Question(s):
1. The Linux CPU needs to talk to hardware blocks that obviously physical DRAM addresses while Linux processes/threads use virtual addresses.
2. How do I translate these addresses back-n-forth? For example, a Linux process may want to allocate memory and then hand it off to a hardware block to write into it. Then after a while the process will read it.
3. Sometimes, the hardware block may write a physical address into the shared memory. The Linux CPU will read the shared memory and then convert the physical address to virtual memory and go read that location.
How does one achieve all of this? If this is being extremely stupid, then please let me know. Hopefully, you can give me some pointers.
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Jul 18, 2010
I use the command ln -s a lot to create symbolic links. The problem is that I need to run a routine that looks for a specific string in ALL of my websites and I'd do it somehting like this:
Code: cd /home grep -R "function_enhanced_mail_v100.php" * however, it's going to recurse all the "folders" and include symbolic links which I don't wish to do. Is there any way to prevent this?
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Jul 15, 2010
I am interested to know memory layout in linux os.What are the differences between physical address and virtual address?
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Apr 2, 2009
I've read several write ups on how to convert a physical linux box to a virtual one, but have yet to do it. I've tried a few times just playing around with no success. Generally I use VMware ESX as my host of choice, but am open to citrix's XEN (as citrix presentation server is my day job). I run 3 websites out of the house (on junk left over desktop.. can't believe I've had such good (lucky) uptime). One of the sites was particularly difficult to set up, so I'd rather not ahve to do it over again. It's built on OScommerce (LAMP).. so it's a database server as well come to think of it. So.. what have you tried to convert with/to?
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Jul 8, 2010
I have two old windows 95 computers. The problem is I have files and programs that have specific settings that I need. The computers are old and I want to just make a copy of the hard drive and insert it into virtual box. How can I do this?
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Feb 21, 2010
A process is trying one access to memory, for example through an array (ex.: vect[0]=123. What happens?
Here below what I guess but I'm not sure and accept any comment (please, distinguish between "the system" and "the CPU" in case).
Let's suppose swapping to disk disbled.
We have two scenarios: without and with cache.
If no cache is present in the system:
1. The CPU must discover the phys addr of vect[0] virtual addr. To do that, has to read from 3 (or 2 depending on the system?) pages tables, stored in memory as well.
2. The CPU writes to the final address.
These mean 4 memory accesses.
If cache is present:
1. Like above but, if the pages tables are in cache, we have 3 accesses to that.
2. If the req. page is not in cache, it's reads from ram and transferred to it. Afterwards, cache is written.
In the best case we have 4 cache accesses.
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Jan 27, 2010
I have set up OpenVPN server using a bridged configuration. My networking "powers" aren't that advanced, so I did this by following the openvpn tutorial for bridged servers. I have tested this with several clients connecting to my server from different locations and it works very nicely (including broadcasts).
My server's LAN IP address is 192.168.2.4, and my LAN's mask is 24. Clients connecting to my server get assigned IP address that also fall within that subnet (i.e., the 192.168.2.x pool contains both physical machines in my home and "virtual" hosts). This is what the OpenVPN walkthrough specifies:
[Code]...
I was wondering if it would be possible for the VPN to fall within a different subnet (such as 10.0.1.x). I would also like to do that without adding another physical NIC to my server, or changing my physical IP address. I would imagine this is possible, since that's how hamachi does it.
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Jun 26, 2010
I have a 32 bit Ubuntu installed and my Laptop has 4GB RAM, but only 3GB is considered by Linux. My question is: what is the reason for the upper limit on physical memory ?
Code:
dmesg | grep Memory [0.000000] Memory: 3052428k/3112960k available (4673k kernel code, 56364k reserved, 2121k data, 656k init, 2200904k highmem) I am familiar with the virtual memory concept where linux splits upper 1GB for kernel and lower 3GB for user processes. In total, linux 32bit can address 4GB virtual addresses. Does this meant that 1GB of physical memory is already mapped to 1GB of kernel space and Linux only shows the remaining 3GB physical memory left for the user in the above command.
I did some searching on the internet and found some articles related to this, but it only confused me further since some articles suggest 4GB is the upper limit with mentioning whether it's virtual or physical memory, some bring in the concept of PAE, etc. I'm relative new to Linux's memory management, so it'd be really helpful if someone could answer this.
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May 12, 2011
I am encountering some problems regarding CentOS 5 and I am going to kindly ask your help in debugging further what is happening. I will give as much information as possible about the setup. Here we go. We use on one server of our servers, GOautodial, an inbound/outbound call center application, that it's installed on a CentOS 5.5 (Final).
# cat /etc/*release*
cat: /etc/lsb-release.d: Is a directory
CentOS release 5.5 (Final)
GoAutoDial CE 2.0
# uname -a
Linux xxxxx.com 2.6.18-194.8.1.el5.goPAE #1 SMP Fri Jul 30 05:30:57 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
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Aug 17, 2010
I am currently using windows xp, but I have acquired another hard drive and wish to install ubuntu to it, unfortunately i do not have a working cd drive. I have loaded the newest iso in daemon tools and it asks me if i want to install it in windows, or restart my computer to do a full install. i wish to do neither. i want to install a full copy to my other drive with the virtual cd drive. I have found alot of help dealing with installing it on the same drive as windows or something that would require a floppy drive. this task seems like it would be alot simpler than installing on the same drive, buy maybe not. Did i miss a tutorial somewhere?
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Mar 26, 2016
I wrote a GRUB multi-boot configuration so I can boot multiple distributions and have storage space on one 32GB flash drive.
set imgdevpath="/dev/disk/by-label/multiboot"
Code: Select allmenuentry 'Debian Jessie amd64' {
set isofile='/iso/debian-8.0.0-amd64-DVD-1.iso'
loopback loop $isofile
linux (loop)/install.amd/vmlinuz
initrd (loop)/install.amd/initrd.gz
}
This works in virt-manager when I boot the physical usb device a virtual disk with a usb bus and it works flawlessly, but when I plug it into a physical machine the cdrom detects fails to mount /dev/sdb1 as fstype=iso9660.
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Nov 4, 2010
As i undertsand - out of 1GB of the virtual Address space for Kernel from 3GB to 4GB of the process address space, Kernel image (code, data, bss, stack, heap) resides staring @0x0 address. Vmalloc area starts either at the end of Physical ram size or at 896M. This 896M cap is mandated to ensure that minimum of 128MB is reserved as vmalloc_reserve for vmalloc,kmap etc.
Is the understanding correct? Now trying to map Physical Zones into this 1GB address space
Initial 16MB is mapped to ZONE_DMA
16MB - 896MB is mapped to ZONE_NORMAL
896MB - 1024MB is mapped to ZONE_HIGHMEM
Does this mean that Kernel image is residing in ZONE_DMA area? Any call to vmalloc() in kernel code will return address beyond 896M? insmod of any LKM will internally invoke vmalloc() to obtain contiguous area - where will this code physically located along with rest of kernel code in ZONE_DMA or in ZONE_HIGHMEM?
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Sep 24, 2015
I've installed years back Debian on my laptop. Last year i did upgrade, i putted an ssd in my old laptop which works great with debian.
Now I bought a new laptop, to replace my old one. Because my new laptop doesn't have an SSD installed, i want to replace the harddrive by the SSD from my old laptop.
Now so said, so done. I replaced the hard drive easy by the ssd. Now if i boot the new laptop with the ssd installed i'm getting message from EUFI/BIOS that there is no OS installed on the ssd???
Debian is installed on it! If a place back the ssd in my old laptop, it's booting like it should, so it's working. Why is EUFI/BIOS think there is no OS installed? Debian is installed on the ssd so it should work i think?
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May 29, 2010
I was looking around in Xfce4 Taskmanager to see what's taking up some memory/processor power, and I noticed when I move the cursor around in cirlces, the CPU spikes from about 5%-10% clear up to about 40%. I also have Audacious2, Chromium, and a file manager open as well.
Why is this? My system is an Eee PC with a 1.6GHz Atom processor and 2GB of DDR2 RAM.
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Dec 20, 2010
I recently installed Debian (*former Windows user*) with xfce and I only aligned one partition. I have a 80gb SSD where I have the OS and apps. I just now installed a hard drive which I'm going to use for documents, pictures, music etc., but I haven't mounted it yet. I'd like to move /home to it's own partition on the second drive, and I'd like the desktop to be on the HDD also, but I don't really have any idea how to do this and haven't found any information about this (that's why I haven't mounted the HDD yet either). I'd like to keep the SSD purely as a drive for OS and apps so if there's anything else I should consider or if there's a better approach for this?
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May 18, 2011
I'm running Debian Wheezy on a Dell XPS M1530 laptop, 64-bit.
I'm having a boot problem after moving my /usr directory out of the root partition and into its own partition.
I followed the "easy way" here: [url]
Basically, I moved the contents of /usr to a new partition -- renamed /usr in root to /oldusr -- and edited fstab and tried to reboot... but the boot process wasn't able to find the new /usr.
After using /dev/sda7 in fstab (to no success) I ran blkid to find the UUID and used that (again, to no success).
My fstab is below:
For what it's worth, grub is also looking different -- none of the debian backgrounds that were there previously remain. While it lists the same kernels to boot into the boot (as described above) fails.
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Apr 2, 2011
I'm wondering I've read in some places that if people would like to move from a stable branch of Debian to the testing you can usually just replace the lines in sources.list with the testing release and update and then dist-upgrade. Is this true...and if so is it safe?
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