Installation :: Grub2 Not Passing Parameters To Kernel?
Sep 8, 2010
I have installed grub2 on a flash drive to boot some os's that I want to carry around. But in grub.cfg when i put this:
Code: menuentry "BackTrack Persistent" {
set gfxpayload=1024x768
linux/backtrack/boot/vmlinuz BOOT=casper boot=casper persistent rw quiet
initrd/backtrack/boot/initrd.gz
} it does exactaly the same thing as this
[Code]....
I'm thinking of filing a bug report but I want to make sure i'm not doing something wrong first.
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Mar 13, 2010
I have the following bash script:
Code:
Which has the name 'extractemails.sh' and works just fine.
However, i whish to be able to give the url (or any other url) as a parameter when i run the script like this: $ extractemails.sh [url]
What should i change in my code? i have never tried passing parameters to scripts before.
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Apr 16, 2011
I get no print to stdout on screen from the C code.Does bash somehow block or mask it?I get print from bash. I get this error in the non-test bash script like: let "rdval = $rdstr"syntax error: operand expected (error token is " ")The let command prints rdval= but I presume this is due to the printf test statements getting in the way.I am getting no compile errors. Why does the C code not print the values specified?
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Jan 17, 2010
I have the following problem. I have my script /usr/lib/cgi-bin/login.cgiand two page in /var/www, home.html and welcome.html.When I log in /var/www/home.html with email and password, then login.cgi to extract exact user informations from mysql. Now I'd like start welcome.html page from login.cgi and passing user informations trought parameters
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Apr 26, 2010
Ive read a few books and a lot of tutorials on C but can't find this topic explained in a deliberate way.I can find bits and pieces but nothing thorough.
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Jan 24, 2011
I want to load grub2 from grub4dos.I want to load directly the grub2 core. I know how to load first 512 bytes from some patition by chainloader and load grub2, but what I need is to load directly grub2 core without passing by bootstriping code (first 512 bytes).So, my first boot manager is grub4dos, then I can load grub2 and later I load Ubuntu. But I think I have to edit --set-root
What I dont know is how.
In hdd 0,7 (sda8) I have Ubuntu 10.10 and /boot/grub/core.img is in sda8 (hd0.7)
I tried this way:
Code:
title grub2
find --set-root /boot/grub/core.img
kernel /boot/grub/core.img
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Feb 4, 2010
Bottom line first: Is there a GUI or otherwise friendly tool to modify the kernel parameters? One that will give help on a highlighted parameters?
Now as to my reason for this question:
In preparing for an Informix installation, I may need to change some kernel parameters. I could follow the advice of G�rard BIGOT from a couple of years ago at this URL. However, messing with the kernel this way, by directly editing /etc/sysctl.conf, is a bit scary. I have already backed up the current one and started editing according the Informix machine notes. However, I have commented out my new settings. [:Chicken]
The scariest aspect of this is that the notes recommend settings to kernel parameters that I do not find in /proc/sys/kernel. for example, it recommends setting SHMMIN to 1 but when I can /proc/sys.kernel/shmmin, there is no such file. (I did find shmmax.) Similarly for the very logical shmseg (max number of shared memory segments) - not found. I am afraid to add these into sysctl.conf if the equivalent pseudo-files don't exist.
Additional question: Where [on-line] do I find all kernel parameters documented? This is so that I am more certain of what I am doing instead of relying on my memory. For example, I don't recall the names of the parameters that control Kernel-Asynchronous I/O (KAIO) events.
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Oct 23, 2010
I would like to create an unattended install ubuntu 10.10 cd. I have followed the ubuntu [URL].. on creating the preseed file, however, I can't find any useful tutorial on how to set the kernel parameters to perform an unattended install using my preseed file.
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Aug 10, 2011
I have a mental block whenever I'm confronted with anything to do with grub2. Changing things in menu.lst was SO much simpler....
I want to include the command 'acpi=off' - but where do I put it? Can I change the detail of an existing grub entry in this way, or do I have to create a complete custom menu entry in grub.d and include it in that?
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Aug 20, 2010
after a successful installation of the latest debian testing amd64 kde CD-1 iso, the monitor shuts off about 2 seconds after passing the grub2 menu while computer remains powered.
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Apr 16, 2010
I have not dug into Ubuntu for almost a year now (Since Jaunty, really). I am trying to come to grips with Grub2, but have just now encountered it in Lucid. I am having a terrible time with the graphics chipset, and it may well be that Ubuntu cannot be used on this computer (an older laptop with the dreaded Intel 82845G graphics chip). There are a number of older bug reports that it is unsupported, but some success in more recent versions.
Anyway, one suggestion has been to add i915.nomodset=1 to the kernel boot line. Now, this was a cinch in Legacy Grub, but I have been reading Grub2 wikis and tutorials for two days now, and I know about the config files, but I cannot find anything which tells me specifically how to add a parameter to the kernel boot line.
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Apr 28, 2011
How do you go about removing old kernel from other distros from the grub menu. For example I have lucid and ubuntu studio installed. Lucid controls the grub2. So how would I remove the old kernel out of the ubuntu studio?
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Mar 7, 2010
I've been using Ubuntu since 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon. I only recently fully switched to Linux OS's, and Ubuntu is now my primary. I currently have 9.10 installed. CURRENTLY I also have Backtrack 4, and Fedora 12 (Ugh!).Previously, I thought something was wrong with my my filesystem in Ubuntu 9.10, and after an upgrade of the linux kernel, I started to get Error: You need to load the Kernel First. That's where my problems started. I had upgraded to 9.10 from 9.04 and I still had Grub Legacy, so I went through hoops to try and get it to work, but eventually everything just kind of broke, and I completely wiped off my partitions on it and started fresh installs of all 3.
And now that the new linux kernel is released, 2.6.31-20 generic (I think... That's what the highest number on a file I can find in /boot is)I went through a few more hoops and ladders and tried to get it to work, but to no avail. I've looked the internet for a solution to this and tried just about everything but there is no unified answer, and I've seen on Launchpad there are alot of bugs that are classified as 'Fixed', but the problem still remains.I took out the 'quiet splash' part in the GRUB2 line for the newest kernel and it didn't do anything. It only changed it to "Error: Couldn't find file".This is the top two kernels (Main and Recovery for the new, and Main and Recovery for the previous working one)
Quote:
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
menuentry "Ubuntu, Linux 2.6.31-20-generic" {
recordfail=1
[code].....
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Feb 8, 2011
I have a strange problem with RHEL4.7, with kernel 2.6.9-78.
I cannot set any kernel parameters by editing sysctl.conf file and run sysctl -p, everytime the old value appears, while it was possible before.
I tried to edit files under /proc by using vi when trying to save it gives me: E667: Fsync failed!
While echo 1>/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward also cannot edit the file.
Also I mounted proc device on another mount point:
# mount -t proc proc /mnt
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Apr 19, 2011
Im am building a Linux distro. It will be very tiny and fast.
I only have a minimal linuxkernel (bzImage) who is 1,2 mb big. And then I have Busybox who is 174,6 kb big.
The commands in busybox is: cd, ls, mkdir, rmdir, wget, httpd, clear, rm, poweroff, halt, reboot, fdisk, mount, umount, free, and cp.
When I compiled the kernel i use initramfs/initrd function and point it to a folder where initrd/initramfs source is.
The kernel works OK with others initramfs/initrd files. But not with my own.
Quote:
Here is how the end of the kernelcomplie look like.
Quote:
Here is my init file who is the initrd/initramfs source.
Quote:
The initramfs folder contains "bin" (folder) and "init" a file. No more.
The problem is that the kernel cannot find/read init file.
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Apr 14, 2010
Here's how to always have only the latest kernel version in your grub:
Code:
sudo gedit /etc/grub.d/10_linux
Find these lines:
Code:
list=`for i in /boot/vmlinu[xz]-* /vmlinu[xz]-* ; do
if grub_file_is_not_garbage "$i" ; then echo -n "$i " ; fi
done`
And change it with this:
Code:
for ver in /boot/vmlinu[xz]-* ; do
list="$ver"
done
Notice two differences.
1. There's no ` before "for" and after "done" keywords.
2. There's no list= before "for"
If you want to change the name of entry, scroll down to the end of the file and find last two occurrences of:
Code:
linux_entry
${OS} stands for Ubuntu and ${version} stands for your kernel version. I changed this into:
Code:
linux_entry "${OS} 9.10 Karmic Koala"
You can use your own imagination. If you want to have specific name for your Windows entry, in /boot/grub/grub.cfg copy everything between:
Code:
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
and
Code:
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
paste it in
/etc/grub.d/40_custom
Change the text between double quotes right after menu entry. (For example, my 40_custom looks like this now:
Code:
#!/bin/sh
exec tail -n +3 $0
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change the 'exec tail' line above.
menuentry "Windows 7" {
insmod ntfs
set root=(hd0,1)
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set bcdc24dddc249424
chainloader +1
}
)
and make 30_os-prober not executable:
Code:
sudo chmod -x 30_os-prober
If you want to remove recovery mode entry, just uncomment this line in /etc/default/grub:
Code:
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true"
PS Don't forget to run
Code:
sudo update-grub
After you finish editing everything! And check in /boot/grub/grub.cfg if everything is ok!
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Jun 9, 2011
I have recently installed the Maverick backport kernel (2.6.35 - from the lucid-updates/main repo) and while I was at it I also manually (through synaptic) got rid of some old kernels. I made sure that I kept the current Lucid kernel though (that was working fine). All seemed well (although I didn't actually check - just no errors) so I rebooted.On reboot I have lost all my Ubuntu kernel options!
I rebooted with a live cd, mounted, etc and ran
Code:
sudo update-grub
but it doesn't seem to find any kernels!
Code:
grub-install --recheck --root-directory=/media/mnt /dev/sda
Checked /boot to see if the kernels are there:
Code:
jed@lightning:/boot$ ls
abi-2.6.32-31-generic memtest86+.bin
abi-2.6.32-32-generic System.map-2.6.32-31-generic
[code]....
Even reinstalled burg (used to use it but it got broken by a kernel update long ago and never bothered to fix it as I only use Linux these days anyway)Funny thing is that BURG finds the kernels and reports no problem, but then drops to the grub-error prompt on boot.
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Jun 18, 2010
Ubuntu 10.04 Gnome IBM Thinkpad 600e.I am trying to get sound going in my 600e which has the wrong chips in the sound card. I found some notes from 2008 that said in one of the steps to add the following to my kernel boot parameters: noapci nolapci notsc acpi=off pnpbios=off pci=noacpi
It said to hit the Esc key when I see the Grub Count on boot up to get into the kernel boot parameter's editor. However, I am not seeing any Grub Count and pressing the Esc key every second during boot up doesn't seem to get me there either. I have been searching for how to edit the boot parameters but no luck so far.
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Apr 27, 2011
We're using 10.10-server. We are trying to make grub boot changes permanent. I've already looked at thread [URL]. We updated /etc/default/grub, and update-grub propagates those changes into /boot/grub/grub.cfg, but not into menu.lst. It appears to use menu.lst as the source at boot, so our change doesn't show up as a linux parm.
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Nov 16, 2010
We just doubled the RAM on our RHEL 4 production servers...Oracle from 16gb to 32gb and Apache/JBoss from 8 to 32 gb. I am trying to figure out how to get the biggest bang from the increased RAM. Should kernel.shmmax be upped to be 50% of the 32gb....from its current 8gb? I need to create the largest possible SGA and was unable to do so, apparently because the kernel.shmmax value had gone unchanged.
And for the JBoss web servers, also RHEL 4, and particular kernel changes which can take advantage of the increased RAM and provide an immediate performance improvement?
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Aug 28, 2009
I want to start to play with "homemade" kernels. (To get some experiences in this subject). I want to do this step-by-step. I have already read a lot about this. I have a Fedora 10 running. So I want to start with this. I have read that there is a "special" way to create a kernel for Fedora. [URL] OK. I understand this +/-. When you build a new kernel with an other version number, you have to rebuild all the modules with this new kernelversion, and you have to install these also.
But : I want to start with modify only some parameters in my kernel config. Do I need to rebuild and re-install the modules also? Will it not be enough to rebuild only the kernel? (vmlinuz) Where can I find some information about the options I can disable in my kernel to speedup my system? (boot process ed). I want to suppress the loading of unneeded modules. I want to understand the options in menuconfig (and there are a lot of options ! ! )
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Jan 16, 2010
insmod: error inserting 'kernel.ko': -1 Invalid parametersI am getting this error when i am try to insert kernel.ko into kernelMy systemfedora 12 with gcc 4.4.2insmod kernel.koinsmod: error inserting 'kernel.ko': -1 Invalid parametersmy program
__________________kernel.c________________________ ___________
#include <linux/module.h> /* Needed by all modules */
#include <linux/kernel.h> /* Needed for KERN_INFO */
[code].....
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Feb 8, 2010
How do i find out the exact kernel parameters (from the grub config file) when the boot loader is corrupt. Seems like a catch 22 that I need the exact boot parameters when I cant get to a prompt to read the grub.conf file to being with.
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Sep 1, 2010
i have an hp pavilion dv7 and am using f13 64bit. my laptop has a built in woofer underneath that i have never been able to get to work. after the latest kernel update today my laptop now has woofer sound. there must be some new support for my laptops audio card. the problem is that it is a little overbearing. how can i a) disable this feature b) tweak the parameters like crossover frequency or gain? edit: i checked the changelog for 2.6.34 and couldn't find any info on any new audio support features.
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Nov 16, 2010
I saw this forum post and I want to try it out so I went here and copied and pasted the following text into a file called test.patch.
Code:
---
Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt | 2
drivers/tty/tty_io.c | 1
include/linux/sched.h | 19 ++++
init/Kconfig | 12 +++
kernel/fork.c | 5 +
kernel/sched.c | 25 ++++--
kernel/sched_autogroup.c | 140 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
[Code]....
1 out of 1 hunk FAILED -- saving rejects to file linux-2.6/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt.rej I'm not so good with patching so I am sure it is probably something easy.
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Mar 7, 2010
i initilally installed ubuntu 9.10 then installed windows 7 ,then i recovered grub2 using livecd as told in the post [URL] i did "sudo update-grub" and got windows 7 menu entry but when i select that entry windows 7 does not load but the grub2 is reloaded again.
i cant boot to windows 7.
Windows 7 have 100 mb partition "System Reserved" the grub2 points to that partition but still windows 7 not loaded.
sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x3c3a81f5
[Code]....
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May 17, 2010
I went through so many post but I haven't found the proper answer yet hope you have an Idea1. Grub2 saves only Linux OS as last selected no Windows OS2.It is possible to boot into a cdrom (drive)?
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Dec 13, 2010
I am developing a I2C CDROM client driver. The CDROM firmware supports TOC information read through a I2C command. It sends the TOC information in burst ( Interrupts a GPIO pin when it is ready ) and my CPU does a I2C read to read the TOC. When the CDROM firmware finishes sending the last data burst , it informs my CPU that it is done with the TOC, by a flag in the last data burst. I would like to know, which is the most efficinet way I can send these TOC information to userspace?
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Nov 8, 2010
How can we add a kernel to grub2? i knew the stuff we could do with the former versions, but it seems to have changed. What files should we edit?
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Jan 10, 2010
I have been reading for hours and just do not get how to do this simple task. I need to add a couple of kernel options to the 3rd menu item that shows in my grub.cfg list. I understand which files to edit (not grub.cfg) and run the updater.
If I look in /etc/default/grub I cannot figure out how to add a kernal parameter unless it is the default.
So basically I want to change the equivilent of this line below:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
But for a kernel menu item that is not the default.
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