Hardware :: Raid5 HD Acquired Swap Space Cause Raid To Fail
Mar 6, 2010
The weirdest thing I have ever saw happened today after i rebooted my server.I have an IDE drive with fedora core 12 installed.I have 4 500g sata drives that I made a FD partition on.
Created the raid using mdadm and had a sh script that assembled and mounted.This worked just fine for 4 days and about 6 reboots.then the other day I noticed an odd amount of net traffic coming in and out of the box and took it down to do some router configuring.
After I brought it back up and ran the sh script, I got a weird error, /dev/sdc device was busy. so I did an fdisk /dev/sdc, and sure enough it had a swap space and boot partition. I deleted em, rebooted and now I'm stuck at the grub screen. Somehow my drive names got fubared and I don't know how to recover my system.
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Dec 7, 2010
Lucid on an Acer Travelmate800.Can anyone tell me why I have 0k for swap space? I allocated swap which I can see in my Disk Utility's 'volumes' display.
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Apr 23, 2010
I am having a RAID5 with a spare(total 4 disk).then the steps which lead me to a problem:
1. i was doing I/O on the array.
2. i pulled out a drive manually. So the spare drive took care of the failed one and started rebuilding. then
3. in the, mean time i pulled out the power plug of my NAS box.
4. After power up i saw my array was not active(by -D command option of mdadm). then
5. i executed: mdadm --assemble --scan /dev/md0 it gave me
I checked into the linux source and found that bd_claim is a function inside fs/block_dev.c and it failing due to which lock_rdev function (calling bd_claim in md.c) is failing and we are not able to start the array.I don't know why my RAID is not live after power on.
Plese help atleast can i save my data?
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Sep 12, 2009
Ok, as the title indicates I have a RAID5 array with 4 500GB SATA drives. This is the only drive configuration on the system (i.e. the OS also resides in the RAID array). I'm running CentOS 5 and need to know how to go about increacing the space in the RAID array by replacing the drives with 4 1TB drives.
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Jun 7, 2011
I recently upgraded a server from Fedora 6 to Fedora 14. In addition to the main hard drive where the OS is installed, I have 3 1TB hard drives configured for RAID5 (via software). After the upgrade, I noticed one of the hard drives had been removed from the raid array. I tried to add it back with mdadm --add, but it just put it in as a spare. I figured I'd get back to it later.Then, when performing a reboot, the system could not mount the raid array at all. I removed it from the fstab so I could boot the system, and now I'm trying to get the raid array back up.
I ran the following:mdadm --create /dev/md0 --assume-clean --level=5 --chunk=64 --raid-devices=3 missing /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1I know my chunk size is 64k, and "missing" is for the drive that got kicked out of the array (/dev/sdb1).That seemed to work, and mdadm reports that the array is running "clean, degraded" with the missing drive.However, I can't mount the raid array. When I try:mount -t ext3 /dev/md0 /mnt/fooI get:
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0,
missing codepage or helper program, or other error
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
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Jan 9, 2011
I've got a raid5 array of 4 disks with ubuntu 8.04 runing on it that is currently still working:
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdc
/dev/sdd
Smartmontools for /dev/sdc tell that there are 9 sectors pending for reallocation:
Code:
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 9
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 9
And /dev/sdd has increasing number of reallocated sectors (about 1 every couple of minutes):
Code:
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 1735
/dev/sdc has failed a coulple of times this week (but I have always sucessfully readded it to raid5) . But the increasing number of reallocated sectores on /dev/sdd concerns me even more.
I'm affraid that during removal of /dev/sdd and adding new /devs/sdd disk, raid might fall appart. That's why I would try to do it in Ubuntu Live CD:If the raid falls appart (/dev/sdc fails) during the readding of new /dev/sdd disk, I might still remove the new /dev/sdd and return the previous one and assemble the raid with:
/dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdd (old one that was previously removed)
Does assembling Raid in Ubuntu Live and adding new disk for /dev/sdd write anything on /dev/sda, /dev/sdb and /dev/sdc in the process of adding /dev/sdd into raid5?
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Oct 7, 2009
I'm running fedora 11 on Dell laptop. I find that fedora is using swap space even if memory is available.
Isn't it slower to use swap ?? Or Am I just missing something ?
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Oct 4, 2009
I had been testing the this link Raid Setup
I can do this in the installation phase, no issue, but I have to know how to make it in a production server.
I follow, read and test the article 3 times without any success, went I try to boot my machine with the raid disk it show error about that cannot find my root "/dev/root"
mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root'
...
setuproot : moving /dev failed: no such fie or directory
no fstab.sys
[Code]....
But I still don't know what I have done wrong, this is my 3rd time that I try this without any luck, I'm running Centos 5.3 updated. Both disk are the same size.
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Dec 21, 2010
i had to install oracle in my laptop...it required a certain amount of swap space which i didnt have... i tried to create it using the datadump command... dd if=/dev/zero of=/extraswapf bs=1M count=512 i then rebooted and made the swapfile using: mkswap /extraswap i then made the entry in /etc/fstab as follows "/extraswap swap swap default 0 0" and i used the command : swapon /extraswap the swap space was visible after that... but after rebooting the swap space is not visibille
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Feb 3, 2010
When i first installed ubuntu about 2 weeks i left about 30gb left for windows vista. I have not used vista at all so i decided to delete it and use the whole hard drive for ubuntu. I got the liveCD out and went into the partition editor on that (i had ubuntu,swap,vista in that order) and deleted the swap space and vista and increased the size of the Ubuntu partition to so there was only 4gb left for swap. I then booted up again from the hard drive and i get this message "one or mounts cannot be mounted" or something to that effect and it talks about the swap partition and offers to boot in recovery mode which does work.Once in recovery mode i go in and try and make swap partition with Disk Utility and i do that and it works. I go to restart Ubuntu to test it out and the same problem happens again, cannot mount swap ect. so i go back into Disk Utility and it now says 4gb Unrecognized instead of swap
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Oct 13, 2009
a friend of mine recently installed Ubuntu in his Laptop however is running really slow. It's Dell 1520 so I don't think the computer is that slow. I think what the problem is that he doesn't have a swap space. ok, I could use GPARTED to resize the HD and create SWAP space but how can I tell the system to permanently use that space?
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Jul 6, 2011
I have a rel 5.6 system that we just added more memory to.
1. What is the correct or best way to increase swap?
2. Can I remove the swap space later on?
3. How do you remove it when done?
Our rootvg only has 8G available to it and I want to be sure if i allocate anything out to it I can reclaim when done without having to rebuild the system.
We have to do a lot of data moves so we allocated extra memory to this VM system and now we need to increase swap. I did see several articles in google but they describe using a new swap partition, a swap file and increasing an existing swap space. I am still not sure what is the best way to go knowing this is a temp situation.
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Apr 29, 2011
Before I start a flame war, I'd like to qualify my question with...I have a boatload of ram and a VERY thin install.(CLI openSuse 11.4-64) If I'm running the most baseline, text-only-install...and the whole system install is like 2GB or less, and I have 8GB of ram (which I could easily upgrade to 16). At install time...do I really need a swap partition at all? What purpose could a swap serve if I have that much ram in such a trimmed down environment?
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Jan 30, 2010
swap space consumed is not released when there is enough main memory. pls advise how to release used swap space.
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Mar 10, 2009
I had just installed gparted , not used yet.I have a problem , at the time of installation i havent created necessary swap space , my linux partition contains 30GB with ext2 filesystem..I'm fully having this , but my question is with the above mentioned tool can I recreate swap space from this 30GB , like 20GB as user space and rest 10 as swap space . Can I?
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Jun 17, 2009
I have a dual xeon e5420 server w/ 16GB ram running 5.3 x64 that I was trying to partition out in the following configuration:
250GB on / (root)
4.2TB on /home
50GB on /tmp
2GB on swap
The issue is that no matter what size I set the swap space to in anaconda if always shows 8GB when I "df -h". I've tried setting it to 2GB 1GB and 512MB all with the same result.
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Mar 20, 2011
How to add swap space?
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Aug 1, 2010
I'm in the process of setting up my very first ubuntu server.
Using 10.04 and has 2gb ram
I am using Ubuntu's software raid (mdadm)
It will be a file server, with 4 hard drives (3 in RAID5 and 1 as a spare)
All 4 drives have 2 partitions:
Partition 1 - 100mb
Partition 2 - The remaining drive space
I setup the first 3 drives' partition 1's to be RAID1 with the 4th drive's partition 1 as a spare. This is where I'm mounting "/boot" (it's my understanding that /boot cannot be on a RAID5). I setup the first 3 drives' partition 2's to be RAID5 with the 4th drive's partition 2 as a spare. This its where I'm mounting. I believe so far I'm setup correctly to be able to deal with a drive failure and the system should operate just fine. What I don't know what to do is with the /swap. I want to retain the ability to be able to operate with a drive going down. But I have also read warnings about putting /swap on a raid. How would you setup /swap?
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Sep 10, 2010
i just got a new motherboard for a router/server at home i got something beefier, the deal is that the raid 0 i've got running on the old chipset is running ubuntu desktop edition and i just wanna install the server edition on the new beefier board, i've a /home partition in the raid if i swap the boards will that crap out what i've got in my /home dir... or can i just swap the boards and make a fresh install on a root partition without messing up my /home partition?
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Apr 4, 2011
I am unable to hibernate my computer while using Ubuntu and I figured out the reason--Ubuntu is not using my swap partition. I would follow the existing tutorials on setting up a swap partition after installing Ubuntu, but since the volume uses hardware RAID 0, the swap partition is not assigned a /dev/ entry (like /dev/sdxx) and I am not sure how I can mount it.
Here is what I have:
Code:
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Apr 30, 2011
GRUB2 / RAID 10.10 to 11.04 Upgrade Fail.....
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Oct 31, 2010
I am currently running 32 bit ubuntu in my PC with 2.5 GB RAM, Intel Pentium Dual Core inside. I am coming to debian soon. I will be installing 64 bit squeeze. Now I have 3 GB of swap space. I do satellite image processing. Therefore what is the recommended swap space for me with the kind of work I do. RAM is in very small amount but as of now I have to stay with it.
Also I am interested to know would KDE be an overkill for my machine. Will I run short of memory when I start image processing?
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Jun 10, 2010
How can I figure out which programs are using up swap space? My current memory usage is 2.9GiB out of 3.0GiB used(and I though I had 4GB, I need to check into that) and 1.3Gib of swap used.
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Sep 12, 2010
When we want to setup a linux system, there is a common a suggestion like set the swap space as twice as big than your physical memory, I want to know why do we need this and how is this suggestion come from?
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Jun 21, 2011
I have a linux server top reports about 9GB of swap used:But I cannot figure where's it use swap, some google results said that top - O commad follow by p will show swap usage by process. But as shown in the above image, taking a brief sum of the SWAP column shows that > 10GB of swap is used, so where does the 9GB figure for swap usage come from? Top reports that about 96492kb of ram is used by buffers. Is there anything I can do to utilize this, instead of using swap?
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Oct 7, 2010
I got back to my laptop after dinner and found a blank screen with one line of text saying something about running out of swap space - I tried all kinds of key combinations but nothing worked to bring the desktop back - eventually I pressed and held the power button to shut it down - I suppose this is Ubuntu's version of the "blue screen of death"?I went to System - Disk Utility to make a 2GB free space right after the swap space. Then I tried to make that 2GB free space a swap space partition but it came back with an error
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Nov 25, 2010
How can I add more space to my drive since I only have 1gb of ram and plenty of hard drive space? Right now it does not seem to be utilizing the swap space very efficiently.
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Jul 6, 2011
Is there any way to force the system to use swap space instead of RAM? I just upgrade form 512 to 1 gb. And when I installed ubuntu I give the swap space 1gb according to 512mb RAm requirement. Now I have 1 gb. When I use heavy applications i-e firefox, office, any game etc at a time the processing go to 100% and the RAM use 50+% of the memory. No swap memory will be use. Any way to use swap instead of RAM?
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Aug 9, 2011
I am using a Dell Inspiron 580 that I recently recieved as a gift. I wouldn't normally purchase a Dell, but I have no money and it my old computer was WAY past it's prime. After going through a miniature nightmare I now wonder how to create swap space for my ubuntu installation. I am running 10.04, 64 bit. I am having no problems, but I have no swap space. My computer is a new -Intel i3- with 6GB of ram; so I assumed I could worry about getting it installed, then set a swap file later. As I said, it runs well, but i don't feel comfortable with ZERO swap space.
When I installed Ubuntu I already had a problem because Dell had included 2 special partitions that are diagnostic and recovery. This didn't surprise me, but I want to make my system backup less than 100GB, so I shrank the "c:" partition to 100Gb and made the free space "storage":NTFS partition. After backing everything up (before messing with the partitions), I installed Ubuntu. Since I had created the backup that Dell asked me to (the very first time I turned the PC on) as well as my own system image I wasn't concerned.
Using GParted Boot disk I deleted the Dell "Recovery" partition and marked the "C:" drive (COS)) as active. I used a Windows 7 install disk to "repair" the bootmgr problem. Had to run "repair" twice, but it worked.
My question now is: why didn't Ubuntu installation say anything about a swap partition until I had already set up my partitions? I could easily give up a gig or two for swap space but I cannot make a swap partition unless I delete the Dell diagnostic partition (NOT the "recovery" partition; the other hidden one). I don't mind deleting the "recovery" partition because it is backed up, but I would prefer not to delete the "diagnostic/utility" partition, just in case. The 40MB is crap anyway.
It hadn't occurred to me that I would have trouble making swap space. I am used to windows (I am dual booting with GRUB BTW, if that matters) and the swap FILE doesn't need it's own partition. I understand why a separate partition would be better, but unless I can somehow create a logical/extended partition for swap, I need to know what else I can do.
I believe Ubuntu is a better system for many reasons, but little things like this do puzzle me. I am no engineer, or software designer, but I don't understand why I wasn't given an option, such as: You cannot make another primary partition; would you like to use a virtual disk/file as your swap space?"
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Mar 11, 2010
I'm a first time installer of Ubuntu. I've run it directly from CD a few times earlier, but I'm installing it from the CD for the first time. I've read some stuff about this from other sites, and have some doubts I hope you geniuses would be able to clarify. Situation : My 80GB Primary HDD is partitioned into what I think is 1 Primary partition [10GB] and 1 extended partition [70GB] which is further divided into three logical partitions.
I don't have to worry about other data, since I've got a 320GB External HDD for that. Now, Ubuntu says that it can squeeze the free space out of the Windows Partition. But my Windows partition is pretty full, and I don't want to re-install it on a larger partition. I've got one logical drive [20GB] free on my Primary HDD. Can it be converted into a primary partition without affecting anything else i.e. my Windows partition and the other two logical partitions remain intact ? Or do I have to format my extended partition and subdivide into a primary and extended partition ?
Q2 - How do I adjust swap space ? Does it have to be a primary partition ? Or can it be a logical partition ? To make a logical partition swap space, do I have to reformat my entire extended partition to squeeze out free space, or can it be kept intact? I'm using Ubuntu Hardy Heron. I know it's a lot to read, but I'm pretty confused right now.
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