Debian Installation :: How To Find Out If Swap Partition Is Active
Feb 12, 2015
I recently installed Debian 7.6 64-bit on Dell Vostro 1520 laptop.Using Gparted, create extended partition in the remaining disk space 67.91 GB
Install Debian 7.6 as follows
Code: Select all/dev/sdb5 / 8GB Ext4
/dev/sdb6 / home 17GB Ext4
/dev/sdb7 swap 5GB
I opened a terminal and ran some commands to show the results below....
Code: Select allroot@DELL-DEBIAN:/home/hugh# cat /proc/swaps
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/sda7 partition 4979708 0 -1
root@DELL-DEBIAN:/home/hugh#
Code: Select allroot@DELL-DEBIAN:/home/hugh# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
[code]...
I have a couple of questions....
1. Does the data above indicate everything is running as it should?
2. What does this command tell me about swap? "/sbin/swapoff /dev/sda7" I read somewhere it should be run on 64-bit system but not sure what it does.
3. Is the command "cat /proc/swaps" the best way to determine if swap is running ok?
4. Can I share this swap partition with another distro, e.g. Ubuntu or Xubuntu? as I would like to multi-boot for testing purposes.
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Jan 17, 2015
I am having issues with Grub 2 after installing Debian 7.8.0.The computer is a HP Pavilion 500-307nb. I made the original harddrive /dev/sdb and inserted a Samsung Evo 840 as /dev/sda. From the original hard drive (/dev/sdb), I wiped the windows partition, but left all other partitions unchanged (in case I would ever want to recover the desktop to its original state). I replaced the wiped windows partition with a swap partition and an LVM partition.These are my hard drive partitions:
/dev/sda (Samsung Evo 840)
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 3146kB 2097kB primary bios_grub
2 3146kB 944MB 941MB ext4 boot
3 944MB 94.4GB 93.4GB host lvm
4 94.4GB 1000GB 906GB guests lvm
[code]....
The partition /dev/sda3 has 2 logical volumes with filesystem ext4 that I mount to / and /home.The partition /dev/sda2 is mounted to /boot..When I install like this, Debian installs fine, however Grub2 is not installed correctly.Debian installs grub-pc which seems not able to boot the gpt partition. So I boot the Debian CD in rescue mode and execute:
mount /dev/sda2 /boot
aptitude purge grub-pc
aptitude -y install grub-efi
After rebooting, I come in the grub rescue shell, which says: error: no such device: 986f2176--4a4b-4222-83b9-8636a034b3c7.
When I then enter in the grub rescue shell:
set boot=(hd0,gpt2)
set prefix=(hd0,gpt2)/grub
insmod normal
normal
Grub and Debian start up correctly.why can Grub not start up automatically correctly? Where does the UUID 986f2176--4a4b-4222-83b9-8636a034b3c7 come from? I have reinstalled Grub several times, I have reinstall Debian several times, I have even wiped all partitions from /dev/sda and recreated a new gpt table with parted and manually set the partitions in parted. Still on each reinstallation, Grub fails because it cannot find exactly the same UUID. Since this UUID is always the same, it must be stored somewhere, but it cannot be the partitions, I have wiped them and the partition table several times.
I did though a firmware update of the Samsung Evo 840 before reinstallation, could this be a cause?Also the problem is not in grub.cfg. Grub starts correctly if I enter the commands above in the grub rescue screen and the UUID value does not appear there.
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Feb 27, 2015
After some years using OS X, I'm returning on Debian on my Macbook Pro in single boot.
I've bought a Samsung SSD (850 EVO 500Go) in order to replace the slow built-in HDD.
But I've earned about the need of repartition of writing operation on that kind of drives, and I'm concerned about swap partition.
I need swap (especially for Darktable, browsers and maybe Steam games), but I wonder if the usual swap partition (even with discard mount option) is really recommandable for SSD drives.
Actually, on Debian wiki and others, the usual recommandation is "if you have enough RAM, don't use swap or minimise swapiness to 1", but using of swap file is not mentioned.
Indeed, if I have only one "big" partition on the SSD drive and TRIM activated, the garbage collector (low level) built in chipet's SSD will optimize SSD life, but I don't know how the low level garbage collection works with multiple partition.
So there is my questions :
- Will SSD garbage collection will preserve the disc use even if I have a 2GB swap partition ?
- Will I'd use a swap file instead of swap partition (I don't really need to hibernate) ?
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Feb 23, 2010
Since I tested with suspending/hibernating my laptop, the system seems to have lost the swap partition. That is to say: it cannot find it at boot anymore. Some message shows during boot like "waiting for device listed in fstab: swap" or something and then it continues toboot normally. When I start the systemmonitor it reports Swap usage 0 byte out of 0 byte.
I checked my devices with
Code:
blkid
in terminal and it lists one of the partitions with its UUID as TYPE="swap".
Then I opened fstab with
Code:
sudo mousepad /etc/fstab
and noticed the line for the swap partition was using a completely different UUID. After changing the UUID to the correct (new) one and reactivatin swap with
Code:
sudo swapon -a
in terminal, all was well again but...
How could the UUID suddenly have changed? Did that indeed have something to do with trying (and failing) Suspend and Hibernate ? If so, should I stay away from those features (that served me well under Windows) or is there something to be done about it?
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Jul 27, 2009
I have a brand new thinkpad X301 with 4GB of RAM and thinking of getting fedora 11 on it. The plan is to have it triple boot with vista/seven and hopefully OSx86. I am aware of the 4 primary partitions limit on an MBR disk. I was thinking of having a swap file instead of swap partition and not creating a boot partition as well. If I install the boot loader(GRUB?) on the root partition will I be able to boot it without any problems by using vista's boot loader?
Or Maybe I should install GRUB on the MBR and add all the other operating systems on it? Does anyone have any objections for not creating a swap partition or a boot partition? When comes to desktop environment I've been using KDE in the past, is there any major advantage of using Gnome over it? KDE seems to look really nice on fedora where Gnome is maybe more stable?
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Dec 15, 2015
I bought a bluetooth pen, I connect it via USB, my bluetooth connection is active but I can't find other therminals, and my debian machine it isn't visible to other terminals.
It seems that my bluetooth connection works, but it can't pair other terminals. I want to connect bluetooth speaker, but it seems impossible.
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Apr 26, 2015
Is it possible to use the same swap partition between distros or not ?
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Jul 3, 2011
Currently my system runs on two disks, sda 30GB and sdc 1GB. sdb is my data disk. I have set the partitions as sda1 /boot, sda2 /(root) and sdc1 /(swap).
Thinking that sdc was udma33 i used the disk for a swap area. Later i found out that it is pio4 and i want to relocate my swap area to sda.
Using GParted Live i am planning to create a swap partition to sda. Will fixing the entry in fstab be enough to correct this or do i need to do something more?
I could also use some advice on which live debian image i can install in sdc, to use for rescuing purposes. The capacity of the disk is 1080MB.
As a side note, the images i find for usd-hdd are direct download. Are there any torrent files for these?
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Mar 20, 2011
Does one need to Check the Swap filesystem, from time to time
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Jan 23, 2011
During the second OS (CentOS) setup, the shared SWAP partition was formatted and now I get the following under Debian:
Code:
# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 507524 251436 256088 0 11488 78332
-/+ buffers/cache: 161616 345908
Swap: 0 0 0
How to configure Squeeze to use again this SWAP partition?
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May 31, 2009
On numerous installs I ignored "swap" message but want to create one this time. And can it be done post installation?
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Apr 5, 2010
I'm installing a new SSD this upcoming weekend. My thought was to go easy on it so it lasts longer by putting my swap files on a mechanical drive instead of the SSD. I don't - however - want to waste space for swap files. It would be nice if I could use the same 6GB FAT32 partition for swap files for both Windows 7 and Ubuntu. Is this possible? It might not even be necessary though, I have enough RAM that I rarely use the swap file at all (I've even considered going without swap all together), so it probably won't pose a huge load to the drive.
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Aug 3, 2010
I have Ubuntu 10.04 installed. When I run Ubuntu 10.04 LiveCD and I start GParted I see that there is a "key" on my swap partition marking it as locked I guess. When I right click, I cannot select "Delete" option. What does this mean? What if I want to rearange my partitions sizes including swap partition for whatever reason?
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Apr 9, 2011
I'm using ubuntu 10.04 and it seems that I forgot to set up a swap partition when I installed my system. So, I can't install hibernate, and I don't think I have any virtual memory any more.
I know that I can always set up a swap file to play the same role, but since swap file is not contiguously stored on hard disk, the performance is expected to be worse than a swap partition.
So, how can I add a swap partition and make my system boot with it every time from now on? I have unused space on my hard disk, and re-installation is NOT an option.
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Aug 9, 2011
I am using a Dell Inspiron 580 that I recently recieved as a gift. I wouldn't normally purchase a Dell, but I have no money and it my old computer was WAY past it's prime. After going through a miniature nightmare I now wonder how to create swap space for my ubuntu installation. I am running 10.04, 64 bit. I am having no problems, but I have no swap space. My computer is a new -Intel i3- with 6GB of ram; so I assumed I could worry about getting it installed, then set a swap file later. As I said, it runs well, but i don't feel comfortable with ZERO swap space.
When I installed Ubuntu I already had a problem because Dell had included 2 special partitions that are diagnostic and recovery. This didn't surprise me, but I want to make my system backup less than 100GB, so I shrank the "c:" partition to 100Gb and made the free space "storage":NTFS partition. After backing everything up (before messing with the partitions), I installed Ubuntu. Since I had created the backup that Dell asked me to (the very first time I turned the PC on) as well as my own system image I wasn't concerned.
Using GParted Boot disk I deleted the Dell "Recovery" partition and marked the "C:" drive (COS)) as active. I used a Windows 7 install disk to "repair" the bootmgr problem. Had to run "repair" twice, but it worked.
My question now is: why didn't Ubuntu installation say anything about a swap partition until I had already set up my partitions? I could easily give up a gig or two for swap space but I cannot make a swap partition unless I delete the Dell diagnostic partition (NOT the "recovery" partition; the other hidden one). I don't mind deleting the "recovery" partition because it is backed up, but I would prefer not to delete the "diagnostic/utility" partition, just in case. The 40MB is crap anyway.
It hadn't occurred to me that I would have trouble making swap space. I am used to windows (I am dual booting with GRUB BTW, if that matters) and the swap FILE doesn't need it's own partition. I understand why a separate partition would be better, but unless I can somehow create a logical/extended partition for swap, I need to know what else I can do.
I believe Ubuntu is a better system for many reasons, but little things like this do puzzle me. I am no engineer, or software designer, but I don't understand why I wasn't given an option, such as: You cannot make another primary partition; would you like to use a virtual disk/file as your swap space?"
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Sep 9, 2010
I decided to have my laptop with dual boot. Already having Win7, I tried installing Ubuntu on another partition. While installation was in progress, during the step where we manually choose partitions to install ubuntu on, I was asked to provide a swap area for ease of operation. I provided another active partition for this supposing that this "swap area" is needed only during the installation. Unfortunately, as I found out later that this makes that important active partition to be unavailable to work upon both in windows as well as Ubuntu. I need to use this partition again.
I tried the "disc utility" in System--->Administration section to change the partition type to "hpfs/ntfs". After a longtime it showed me error (Unable to perform the operation). What could have gone wrong? I absolutely need that drive back, as it contains valuable media files.
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Nov 11, 2010
I am using my flashdrive to install. I allocated 200gb for window 7 ult and used partition magic to format the rest to ext3 and swap for DISK 1. But when I try to install Ubuntu, installation can't seem to find the ext3 or the swap. It only sees my other drive in RAID 1.
My harddrive setup
Disk 1(RAID ready)
NTFS 100 mb - System
NTFS 195.21 GB
EXT3 253.88
Linux Swap 16.46 GB
DISK 2 (RAID 1)
NTFS931.31
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Mar 14, 2010
Is there a way to encrypt your swap partition after installation?
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Apr 23, 2011
RAM of the machine is 4M. I never see the swap partition has been used via system monitor. So can I safely delete the swap partition?
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Mar 26, 2010
When I do a "clean" install of Ubuntu 9.10, Step 5 of 7 is when you choose how to partition your hard drive. My Acer Aspire Desktop has 8GB of RAM and a single 160GB SATA hard drive. If I choose to let Ubuntu do the partitioning, only three partitions are created and one of them IS a Swap partition. However, if I choose the second option to manually create my own partition tables, there is NO Swap option listed in the drop-down list of partitions to create!! Why in the world not, considering the importance of this partition and the fact that the first option DOES automatically create it? A second related (I think) is about the Live System Rescue CD and GParted 4.9. When do you use either of these utilities? After all, GParted is included System Rescue CD.
So, if I want and choose to do a manual/advanced partitioning of my hdd, the only time I can see using either utility is after the complete installation of the Ubuntu distro. Yet, choosing to manually partition my hard drive always results in an error or warning message that I haven't created a Swap partition before proceeding to Step 6 of the installation. Well, of course not since the choice isn't even possible. Good grief, what am I supposed to do when I arrive at the step where I am supposed to choose and then create the partitions for my hdd? Choose the first option, which I don't think is wise/good at all, especially with security in mind. Or choose the second option of using a program like GParted at all? It is hard enough for me to choose a partitioning scheme at all, since opinions on how many partitions are needed and what sizes they should be.
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Mar 19, 2010
my friend was installing ubuntu when he while editing the table from the installation menu, chose to shrink the partition and use it as swap, he didn't realize he was using the actual partition not the 1 to be created as swap.so he ended up with 160 GB swap and 15 GB NTFS partitions.will deleting the partitions and recreating the NTFS partition again restore his data?
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Dec 1, 2010
I just installed kernel 2.6.37-rc3-natty in an effort to clear up the audio stuttering problems prevalent in Maverick. It worked, but now my swap partition won't mount on startup and because of this the computer won't hibernate. I'm using a Toshiba NB305-400 netbook w/1GB of ram, 250GB HDD and 1.6 GHz processor.Here's what's in my fstab file:Quote:
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
[code]....
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Dec 22, 2010
i want to create/assign a swap partition so i can hibernate by comp. i've tried the ubuntu guide on creating a swap file but it didnt work, i created a linux-swap partition and used the mkswap command but that didnt work either (maybe it did but i cant hibernate anyway?!) right now my partitions look like this:
/dev/sda1 extended
/dev/sda5 linux-swap
/dev/sda3 ntfs (windows partition)
/dev/sda4 ext4 (ubuntu partition)
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Feb 25, 2010
I want to install from scratch or change a current system, which ever works best to have the following partitions: I have a 160GB HD and want a 50GB root partition 3 GB swap and the rest for home. When i go throught the guided partitioning process the largest i can get is 8GB. The root partition is the bootable partition correct?
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Feb 13, 2010
The problem is, on a machine, you can only have 4 primary partitions. sda1 and sda2 are my Vista and Recovery partitions respectively, which eliminates two of my primary partitions already. I myself have never used logical partitions, and was wondering if any of the partitions the Beginner's Guide recommends (/, swap, /var, and /home) could be made logical, and if I even need a swap partition.
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Jan 12, 2010
1. Pentium 4 with 1.8 gh 2. 512 ram 3. 15 gb hard disk. installation specially regarding partition option (eg.. how much alloted should be for swap/ root/home etc)
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Mar 20, 2011
(This is for a 100% Clean install)
Q1) I was wondering if it is possible to Dual boot Ubuntu with Windows XP on a 1TB RAID-0 setup ?
Q2) Also, is it possible to create a SWAP partition (for Ubuntu) on a NON RAID-0 HDD ?
Q3) Lastly... I read GRUB2 is the default boot manager... should I use that, or GRUB / Lio ?
I have a total of 3 HDDs on this system:
-- 2x 500GB WDD HDDs (non-advanced format) ... RAID-0 setup
-- 1x 320GB WDD HDD (non RAID setup)
(The non RAID HDD is intended to be a SWAP drive for both XP and Ubuntu = 2 partitions)
I plan on making multiple partitions... and reserve partition space for Ubuntu (of course).
I have the latest version of the LiveCD created already.
Q4) Do I need the Alternate CD for this setup?
I plan on installing XP before Ubuntu.
This is my 1st time dual booting XP with Ubuntu.
I'm using these as my resources:
- [url]
- [url]
Q5) Anything else I should be aware of (possible issues during install)?
Q6) Lastly... is there anything like the AHCI (advanced host controller interface) like in Windows for Ubuntu?
(Since I need a special floppy during Windows Install...) I want to be able to use the Advanced Queuing capabilities of my SATA drives in Ubuntu.
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Sep 1, 2011
I am about to get a new laptop here soon and I was planning a dual boot like I have on my current laptop (Win7 and Ubuntu), but I have something special in mind. I looked around the forum to see if there was anything like what I had or if it was even possible but I didn't see anything quite like this.I was wondering if this was even possible, and if so, would anyone be able to tell me what filesystem I should use for my windows swap partition?
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Feb 23, 2011
I had a drive with a partition layout like so:
~50gig Windows 7 - NTFS
~100gig Ubuntu - EXT3
~100gig Snow Leopard - HFS+
~100gig Extended Partition
-- ~100gig Swap Disk - exFat
I wanted to delete the Snow Leopard partition and format the Swap Disk partition to something else. exFat was causing major file size bloat on small files. QT sdk bloated to like 11 gigs or something ridiculous like that. Anyways, I loaded up an Ubuntu 10.04 LTS live cd and gparted then deleted the Snow Leopard partition. Gparted said "Mission Accomplished" and tried to rescan the drive, but never found it. At this point I restarted the computer, a dell laptop, which didn't boot with an unable to find a bootable device error. The ubuntu live cd doesn't see the drive anymore. gparted scans for drives indefinitely and fdisk -l has no output.
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Feb 8, 2010
I was reading another thread about someone with a bad partition table and I decided to join this forum. I'm not going to take any drastic actions with the partition (/dev/sda3) in question. I am going to wait for instructions on what to do first. I am not very good with Linux and need some hand holding. System: DELL 4550 Dual-Booted with XP and Ubuntu. Works OK, just no swap. Well, here's what I did: I deleted a partition for Windows XP Pro because it was a trial, and it ran out. I then decided to slide the swap partition for the Ubuntu Linux that I dual-boot into over. (If this was successful, I was going to try expanding the root partition to take up the unused space.) I used Gparted on a CD to do this, as I figured it was safe to do.
I now cannot mount the swap space at bootup (and have to go into a backup version of the OS), although I can use Gparted in Linux to execute the "swapon" command, and it appears that it worked because I now see "swapoff" as an option on the context menu. (I actually don't even need a swap partition, except to hibernate.) If I highlight the swap partition and click on "Drive" on Gparted's menu bar and select "Create Partition Table", it will erase all data on /dev/sda, so how do I fix the bad partition table non-destructively?
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