CentOS 5 Hardware :: Laptop Hard Disk Load Cycle
Apr 26, 2009
A while back I decided to use CentOS as my main day to day operating system :) Previously I was mainly using Fedora (old Red Hat <9.x) and occasionally Debian / Debian based distros.Since I am running CentOS on a Dell M1530 laptop I am concerned by the Load Cycle issue that plagues many laptop hard disks due to aggressive default power management. For those of you who are not aware of the Load Cycle issue please refer to the following link from Ubuntu forums which documents it really well:URL...
In Fedora and various other distros I have successfully used Laptop Mode Tools URL... to help set the hard disk APM value meaning the hard disk would stop rapidly increasing the Load Cycle value when running on mains. The setting I choose to use was hdparm -B 254 /dev/sda when the laptop is running off of mains power and set in scripts supplied with the Laptop Mode Tools RPM which will run as a service.
The problem I am having with CentOS is I can't get Laptop Mode Tools to run as a service either from the RPMForge repo (old version) or by installing the latest Fedora version from Laptop Mode Tools site above. I am therefore having to manually set hdparm -B 254 /dev/sda when running which I occasionally forget An error is seen during boot but which changes the CentOS boot to verbose mode but I am unable to locate the error in any of the /var/log files so I can put it in here.Can anyone suggest a way of creating a script suitable for CentOS which will auto apply the above (or other) power saving value for when a laptop is running off of mains power?If anyone can also advise how I can confirm what the error is I can also forward it to the author of Laptop Mode Tools.
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Mar 19, 2010
I'm having installation issues with linux. I'm trying to set up a dual boot with vista and linux. I prepared my computer by backing up my files and partitioning my hard drive, leaving 20GB for linux. I downloaded Linux Mint 7, and booted from USB (using the universal USB installer from pendrivelinux.com). All good, entered into linux and installed by following the prompts (selecting use largest unallocated partition to point linux to the partition). At this stage the screen cleared to just leave me with the desktop background.
I patiently waited for it to reboot which never happened. So I waited for 20mins or so, then shut the computer down because I couldn't think of what else to do. When I restarted (without using the livecd/usb) it just went straight to vista. I did a bit of reading and found it might have been something to do with vista taking over grub, and some of the tutorials suggested downloading EasyBCD. So I did that, here's the summary:
Code:
There are a total of 2 entries listed in the Vista Bootloader.
Bootloader Timeout: 30 seconds.
Default OS: Linux Mint 7
Entry #1
Name: Microsoft Windows Vista
BCD ID: {current}
Drive: C:
Bootloader Path: Windowssystem32winload.exe
Windows Directory: Windows
Entry #2
Name: Linux Mint 7
BCD ID: {default}
Drive: C:
Bootloader Path: NST
st_grub.mbr
Code:
Windows Boot Manager
identifier {9dea862c-5cdd-4e70-acc1-f32b344d4795}
device partition=C:
description Windows Boot Manager
locale en-US
inherit {7ea2e1ac-2e61-4728-aaa3-896d9d0a9f0e}
default {bbf9569e-31e5-11df-a844-91f7867d7949}
resumeobject {3fb6bf64-700d-11db-8409-0016d303c867}
displayorder {3fb6bf63-700d-11db-8409-0016d303c867}
{bbf9569e-31e5-11df-a844-91f7867d7949}
toolsdisplayorder {b2721d73-1db4-4c62-bf78-c548a880142d}
timeout 30
Windows Boot Loader
identifier {3fb6bf63-700d-11db-8409-0016d303c867}
device partition=C:
path Windowssystem32winload.exe
description Microsoft Windows Vista
locale en-US
inherit {6efb52bf-1766-41db-a6b3-0ee5eff72bd7}
recoverysequence {572bcd55-ffa7-11d9-aae2-0007e994107d}
recoveryenabled Yes
osdevice partition=C:
systemroot Windows
resumeobject {3fb6bf64-700d-11db-8409-0016d303c867}
nx OptIn
Real-mode Boot Sector
identifier {bbf9569e-31e5-11df-a844-91f7867d7949}
device partition=C:
path NST
st_grub.mbr
description Linux Mint 7
Now when I turn my computer on, I get options for vista and linux. Vista works fine, but if I select Linux Mint 7 I get an error that reads "cannot load from harddisk, insert systemdisk and press any key".
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Oct 25, 2010
I just want to tell laptop users how they can protect their hdd from heavy load cycle count (spin up/down of the hdd) when using battery.If you are not sure then just type this command several times in interval of 1-2 minutes, and you will see how much the hdd head spins down, and up: Code: sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda | grep -i load_cycle.Change /dev/sda with appropriate hdd path for your pc.
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May 15, 2010
I have a problem in Ubuntu 10.04. The bug is well know which makes the hard disk head to park often (2-3 times per minute) that's dangerous for the drive in the long term and annoying for me (click-click-click).I found out the "ugly-fix" for old Ubuntu version which was :hdparm -B 254 /dev/sda instead of 128. It works. The problem is that it doesn't remains (when restart/standby/ac connection-disconnection).I found a script well known too :Code:1) make a file named "99-hdd-spin-fix.sh". The important thing is starting with "99".2) make sure the file contains the following 2 lines (fix it if you have PATA HDD):
#!/bin/sh
hdparm -B 255 /dev/sda
3) copy this file to 3 locations:
[code]....
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Aug 17, 2010
I would like to know if it is normal to experience 10MB/s data transfer rates during copying between partitions on my local hard drives (Toshiba 250GB 5400rpm SATA) while having three times faster (30MB/s) transfer rates between local partitions and USB drives (Kingston 8GB).
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Feb 7, 2011
I had this corrupted external hdd and so I formatted the main partition on it on windows but messed up in the formatting and ended up having to format the entire thing. I got some weird message about it not being initialized (no not mounted) so I was in compmgmt.msc in windows and right clicked it in device manager and it asked for master boot or GUID I selected the latter and formatted. Worked fine and all for a bit but now it doesn't show up as a drive. I noticed when using compmgmt.msc it showed up that it had installed driver software and was being recognized but in the partition editing area there was nothing on this drive, reinstalling driver software doesn't seem to help. Also GParted wont load up when I have it plugged in and Disk Utility doesn't show it. I am requesting help to fix this problem within Ubuntu 10.10 somehow so I can use it properly.
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Sep 1, 2010
I have seen that is possible to boot from a USB stick and use a USB memory as hard drive.I have a server enable to hold 6 sata drives 3.5", But I want to use the 6 drives and make a Raid-5 setup for backups 5 -1 spare. /boot cannot be on a raid-5 level 0 or 1. But I want to have redundancy for my OS, them I can install Centos on a Raid-1 using 2 disk, which let me only 4 for the raid 5. I will run a backup I want to have a lot of space.
Using 4 disk for raid-5 2 TB I will have 6TB no spare, no spare is not a good option at least I will prefer 1 spare.Well, I was thinking, the server MoBo have USB support, if I open the box I can see the small entrances, If Centos let me installed on a USB memory drive, can I trust a USB memory stick?t night with bacula.
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Apr 8, 2009
after installing Ubuntu on one WD 500 GB hard disk and after making mistake and pasting wrong code into Terminal:my OTHER WD 500 GB hard disk that was also in the system (I guess it was "hd1") - died.The problem must be, I guess, I typed wrong code: "hd1,1" instead of "hd0,0".)500 GB (NTFS) of data was on that other (non-Ubuntu) hard disk, and now I can not access it anymore. While booting, system gives "Hard Disk Error" warning and stops.One again: I installed Ubuntu od one hard disk and at the end of instalation I pasted wrong code for GRUB, giving address of another hard disk. Now that other hard disk has error and will not work
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Sep 23, 2010
I want to copy hard disk have ubuntu 10.04 and ext4 to 1000 hard disk for new 1000
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Jul 7, 2009
I have a sata 320 gb with mandriva linux 2009.1 on it.And it is what curently atached to my cpu. It is shown as 'sda' in the partition table.I also have another 40gb hard disk with windows xp installed on it.It is shown as 'hda' in the partition table . Now what i want to do is attach this 40gb hard disk to my pc and configure grub on my 320gb hard disk('sda') so as to boot windows xp(which is residing on the second hard disk,'hda')Can anyone tell me if what im doing is feasible or not? If it is feasible,can anyone suggest me how to get it working. I know i just need to add 2-3 lines to my grub.conf, but dont know what exactly i need to write.
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May 14, 2010
I had a dual boot (windows 7 + debian), both of them installed in my internal hard disk, with the GRUB in it. I have recently installed a second linux distro (mint), but I put it in an external hard disk. Now the GRUB allows me to boot any of the three operating systems, but I need the external disk to do it. It seems that after the mint installation the GRUB is now working from the external disk (if the external disk is not connected, the machine does not boot.) �Is there a way to change the location of the GRUB, to the internal hard disk of my laptop?
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Jun 3, 2010
Move centos to another hard disk?
My box is centos 5.4 x86 on one hrad disk. Now I have a problem at this hard disk, so I want to ove centos to another hrad disk.
But backing up centos and restoring them another hard disk is not so easy and takes so much time.
I heard Partimage" can backup hrard disk and restoring it to another hard disk.
[URL]
My box has one LVM composed 3 partitions on one hard disk.
Can I move centos to another hard disk with partimage?
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Apr 2, 2009
i have Cent OS 5.2 CD (6) with me. I need to install it in my hard disk. I have already installed Windows XP in C: partition. I need to install Cent OS in D: partition. During installation process its asking for hard disk partition. In this regard, how to select the partition. I have C,D,E and F partitions and C,E and F are in common use. So i have to install Cent OS in D partition.
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Apr 3, 2009
Especially /var because I am running a MYSQL server on this box. I want to know if there is a safe procedure to follow to move these partitions from the current sda2 and sda3 that they are now to sdb2 and sbd3 because this is a much bigger disk. I don't want to break MYSQL and I don't want to be down for a long period. I have heard of some people suggesting a sym link to a /newvar and /newuser on sdb but I have also read this will not work when moving to a different physical drive.
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Dec 29, 2009
Can some one tell me how many space does a plan CentOS 5.4 take and the minium size of the memory.
Also, what is the minium size I have to partition on /boot
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Mar 3, 2011
I want to install Cent OS5 on my machine. The Hard Disk is SATA. I want to discuss about how to custom partition the hard disk. In the old version there is a drop down list for manual partition the hard disk. like /,boot,swap,var etc etc. In the new version of centos 5 I can not see things like that. During installation process and in partition page there are things like:
Code:
Remove all partitions on selected drives and create default layout.
Remove Linux partitions on selected drives and create default layout.
Use free space on selected drives and create default layout.
Create custom layout.
When I choose custom layout it show me an error message. "An error has occurred-no invalid devices were found on which to create new files system. Please check your hardware for the cause of this problem."
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Jul 1, 2010
I need to install a voice recording application on a server.My problem is that I have four hard disks with 150 GB storage space each. So I have 150*4 = 600 GB Storage available as whole .I need all four hard drives (600 GB ) as single volume to store and retrieve recording .
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Nov 7, 2010
I just invested nearly 12 hours configuring a CCTV system using CentOS 5.5 Server and Zoneminder. I have it setup just the way I want it. I would like to make a clone image of the drive just in case disaster strikes (lightning strike, failed hard disk, etc). In the Windows PC world, I use a program called Ghost to make a mirror image of a hard disk. I power the computer down, run Ghost to make a block level clone of the drive, then power it back up. Can I assume that will work with CentOS without problem?
In the computer now is a 320GB SATA drive. One partition on it is swap, and the other is ext3. There is no raid setup on the drive. I have an identical 320GB drive I could use and keep it in the computer unplugged from the power and not spinning. That way if anything ever happens, I can power down, move the power and data cable to the new drive and power it back up. Granted, I will lose any new config and database changes, but it will be a lot better than starting back at square 1 and reconfiguring the entire OS and software.
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Jun 21, 2011
I was using Terminal and browsing a directory in my home folder. My "home" directory is located on "/dev/sdb1". When in Terminal I typed "ls" in one of my directories and the output was garbage. The output didn't show the files in the directory. I think it said something like, "input/output error". Unfortunately, I didn't write the exact error down. Instead I rebooted.The hard disk with the problem is:
Code:
$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sdb
[sudo] password for brian:
[code]...
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Jan 8, 2010
i want to configure a cluster for combining CPU / RAM / Hard disk
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Jan 13, 2010
I have a server with two hard disks SATA (500 GB), I installed centos in one of them, desire to know how I can mount the other hard disk empty and without format, so that this hard disk always appears mounted when "reboot" the system.
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Feb 18, 2010
server is :intel 5000p ,2gX4 ram ,cpu 5405 X13 sata sda 500g sata use for system rootfilesystem primate mastersdb 500g sata use for data filesystem second mastersdc 500g sata use for data filesystem second slavebios set use enhance and ide i install centos5.4 x86_64 on sda when i install system on sda, sdb and sdc is offline.after system install sucess ,poweroff and add sdb and sdc when system kernel start report ata0 error or ata1 error. exp XXXX (rydy).but when only add sdb or sdc ,system can startup and use all service ,exp vncserver ,kvm,pptp..
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Feb 20, 2010
I am trying to port the current Fedora4 system to the CentOS5 on a new hard disk. Actually, the Fedora4 system is constantly being hacked due to my lazy update. So i prefer a fresh install of CentOS5. I am not clear what files need copy and what does not need for ease and for avoiding possible backdoors.
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May 31, 2010
This is Mushtaq here. I am using CentOS 5.3. Everything works fine regarding Hardware Support except of External Hard Disk. I have a HDD Western Digital 80 GB in USB converted case. Its working fine under WinOS, Fedora 10 / 11 / 12 + & RedHat Enterprise Linux. But CentOS is unable to access it even it does not detect it (fdisk -l command is used to verify the connected disks). Can any one please help me in this regard, I am fed-up of this situation.
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Apr 6, 2010
If you have a hard disk image (including partition table, multiple partitions,...), is it possible to let Linux treat it as a regular hard disk?
By "regular hard disk" I mean I would like to have the image show up as, for instance, /dev/hdx and its partitions as /dev/hdx1,...
(I know I can mount one of the partitions in the image using "mount -o loop,offset=x ..." but I don't really like this option.)
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Feb 1, 2011
We have had a hardisk crash in our RAID1 webhosting server running CentOS5 and Plesk. We first realized something was wrong when our main site didn't load but showed MySQL errors. We then found out that the system was in read-only state. Something that also happened the day before yesterday, but we could fix with a FSCK. Then the system worked well til around 18 hours later when it crashed with the same sympoms. So, we rebooted the server and wanted to do a filesystem check again. But the HDD wouldnt even load. It was gone. Unfortunatelly it was not realized that the second disk in the system was also not working any more for some time now. Fortunatelly we had our main site backed up externally though. So we could re-install a fresh box and mounted the two drives to the system. We checked the harddisk. One is practically empty (the older one), the other has almost only files in 'lost + found' but these are all "numbered", no real filenames or so.
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Feb 27, 2011
I would like to build a bootable system image on an attached hard disk on a running CentOS machine.The hard disk would be moved to a headless server, where only SSH access would be available. It seems that all the documented install methods assume that the installation runs on the taget machine. In this case, I would like to create a bootable system image of CentOS on a running host system. The new install mage would generally have a newer version of CentOS than the running host system where the image is created. Also, I would prefer
to do a text-based install.
The reason for all this is that I have network access to several remote machines. I can ask disks to be moved between machines, but I have no physical access. In order to do software testing, I would like to have several system disks with different installed CentOS versions. It would be easer if I could build the system disks on one single machine. The hardware an all machines is very nearly identical.
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Jun 30, 2010
mount from the old hdd to the new hdd i mean (Hard disk)
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Mar 2, 2010
I was transferring some files from my external USB hard drive onto my laptop (running 64bit Karmic), and my laptop froze up for whatever reason.Everything on the screen stopped and the Scroll Lock and Caps Lock LEDs began flashing.Not knowing anything else to do, I hard booted off with the power switch.At this point, I was concerned if anything on either hard rive would be damagedI booted my laptop back up, and all seemed well until I trued to open my Documents folder.For some reason, Ubuntu will no longer open any folders at allI can't click on ComputerDocuments, Music, etc. When I do, a tab opens in the taskbar that says Opening folder. It stays on screen for about 20 seconds, and then goes away and the folder never opens.The weird part is if I open gEdit and try to load a file, I can see and get to everything.
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Apr 29, 2011
Is it possible to install GRUB in the MBR of the only bootable disk in the system, but load configuration and images from another disk?Basically I want to install GRUB on /dev/sda, but menu and images will be under /dev/sdb2.Note: /dev/sdb is not bootable.
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