Software :: Password Encryption In /etc/shadow?
Jun 16, 2009
I am moving my Linux server from Suse 10 to Ubuntu 9.04 and I moved the significant parts of /etc/shadow, /etc/passwd, and /etc/group over to Ubuntu 9.04. I am not able to login into the computer with the old accounts. The only problem I see is that the old accounts use Blowfish and DES to encrypt the passwords in /etc/shadow, and Ubuntu uses SHA512. If I change the passwords, the accounts will work. However; I have about 300 accounts to move, and I don't want to do that to all of them. I have tired Ubuntu Forums and talked to every linux expert I know, and no one has an answer.
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Nov 26, 2009
I am just wondering what encryption method the shadow file uses, so that I may be able to manually change it. I ask this because I am trying to make a web page that will allow people to change their linux password via a browser.
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Nov 4, 2009
I'm looking to find out exactly how to go about changing the encryption method of shadow passwords from MD5 to something a bit stronger, like SHA. I've been looking around for a bit now and haven't found out how to do it. I've gathered that I'll most likely need to change the /etc/pam.d/system-auth file. Right now, there is a line that looks like this:
password sufficient pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok.I'm guessing the md5 should be changed to something else, like sha256. What else? I know I'll need to reset all passwords once the change is made, but I thought there was someplace else that controls how the passwd command encrypts passwords.
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Oct 22, 2010
I know this has probably been asked too many times here but I need to secure my emails. Personal matters of course. But yeah. I use the program "Password and Encryption Keys" to generate a key to sign my emails with but I do not know what to do. To be blunt, I'm stupid when it comes to this. IF not, steps in creating a key? and giving it (my public key) to the significant other? Finding where both keys are? Implementing it into Thunderbird? If it helps any here's some extra information: Ubuntu distro: Ubuntu 10.04 Email client: Thunderbird
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Oct 1, 2010
Today i was going through some of security guides written on linux .Under shadow file security following points were mentioned.1)The encrypted password stored under /etc/shadow file should have more than 14-25 characters.2)Usernames in shadow file must satisfy to all the same rules as usernames in /etc/passwd.3)password for application Username should display * if username is not locked.4)If a user is locked it should be displayed as ! as the first character in second field of shadow file.
Confusion for point 1 and 2:Now i m confused as why the encrypted password should be more than 14-25 characters.Also what rules to satisfy How to check it?Confusion for point 3 and 4:There are lot of users with * as second field i guess they are not locked but according to 4th point there are lot of users with ! as first characters.How would i check whether they are actually locked or not.I m posting the output of /etc/shadow and /etc/passwd files for the account.
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Apr 26, 2011
The /etc/shadow file contains an id of $1$, $2$, $5$ or $6$ to show the encryption method used.A salt follows this,followed by the password hash.When a user is created and a password is set, a hash is RANDOMLY generated and used as the salt to the password hash. Everytime that user logs in, login checks /etc/shadow for the $id$ and salt and runs the password given by the user through the hash mechanism ($id$) using the salt in /etc/shadow.So basically does login look at /etc/shadow for the $id$ and salt to create a hash with which to compare to the /etc/shadow hash?question 2 - If my $id$ was $5$, which is sha256, how would i go about changing this? Like is there a shadow.conf or crypt.conf or something? Can i change it per user?
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Apr 15, 2010
I need to manually convert an string ( like with echo ) to a DES crypt format to be inserted inside a /etc/shadow file, does anybody knows how can I do that?
Maybe there are some little tool that could handle that operation, well.. I don't know, hope someone can give me a hint on that.
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Jun 7, 2010
I noticed that our /etc/shadow file is readable on a patch I released for one of our in house linux boxes a while back ago. Could they use it to gain access the root account etc? Our passwords are all MD5 encrypted.
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Jan 14, 2010
I would like to grep all values other than encrypted password from /etc/shadow fileFor example,each line consists of 8 fields separated with :/The only thing that I want not to print out is the contents between first : and second : (encrypted password)
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Mar 11, 2011
I am working on building a customized ISO image of a server based on linux. The thing is after the server is installed and run for the first time, three users have to be created for the various services to run properly. I want this to be automated. To achieve this what is was thinking is automatically enter the user entries in the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files through init scripts when the server starts for the first time after the installation. I tried creating user and assigning password in one of my machine, and the /etc/passwd and the /etc/shadow entries of this user I copied it into the other machine and tried login in on the other machine and everything worked fine. How I am trying to achieve this.
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Jan 24, 2011
I want to know, how does changes happened in the encrypted password in /etc/shadow file , when user changing password . because user doesnot have access on that file
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Sep 24, 2009
I am trying to write a remote access module. Is there any function in linux where I can give string (password entered by user) and compare it with the actual user password stored in /etc/shadow. Since the password is stored encrypted in /etc/shadow I cannot parse and compare. So I want some method to compare if my user entered the correct password..Is there any function for that..
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Jul 3, 2009
I've been trying to write php or perl code to generate the sha-512 password hashes in fedora. I've been unable to do the hashing which is encoded in the shadow file on fedora core 11. Does anyone have php or perl code which provides the hashing algorithm. (All of my attempts result in the encrypted hashing being longer than 86 character -- the length that crypt says the sha-512 should be)
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May 17, 2011
I need to create a script that returns a list of the users who have never changed their password from /etc/shadow. As I know on linux there is a command "chage" used for find last password change.
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Nov 13, 2010
I couldnt find any relevant threads so I created a new oneI am at my wits end sudden my encryption password is being rejected. It has worked before and it is written down I even tried loading a LiveCD hoping maybe an update screwed it up but even in the LiveCD the password isnt working.This wouldnt be such a big deal if I havent changed all my passwords and stored them in KeePass and havent got a chance to back it up yet
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Oct 19, 2009
When I installed Fedora selected the option to encrypt the hard drive. I want to change the passphrase, is there a way to change the passphrase, or do I have to re-install Fedora?
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Mar 22, 2011
I decided to go for an encrypted home folder. It's really really cool that ubuntu offers the encryption now out of the box!
However it auto generated a password for the encryption for me. While the password might be safe, it is impossible for me to remember. And writing it down on a piece of paper, which I would then carry around along with my laptop seems to make the whole encryption obsolete...
Long story short: Can you pinpoint me on how to change the encryption password?
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May 11, 2011
How to disabling Encryption keys ?(ubuntu 10.10)
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May 12, 2011
Am configured SVN on Ubuntu 10.04 ,It's Working fine ;svn access method is svn://ipaddress .In this method am not encrypting the password ,Currently my passwd (/homesvnMyProject/conf )file like that [users]test = testNow i want to Implement the password Encryption for any users, without implementing svn+ssh:// method
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Jan 18, 2011
am fiddling around using an AES encrypted password which is stored in passwd.txt:cat ../passwd/passwd.txt
{AES}yTMWTrdbuPtCxikvv5udVDTQ70anBVVKvP+GPQEH1RY=Yet I like to interpret this password on the command line using svn checkout, so I do not have to type in my password ( which is visible on the command line):Exporting the variable SVNPASS reading it from the passwd.txt ( export SVNPASS=`cat <../passwd/passwd.txt`) won't work obviously as it interprets it as "text", so my question is, if there is a proper way to interpret this stored AES password so I can read it from the file?The alternative is to type in the password on the command line, but this needs to be invisible eitehr showing #, * or "hidden".
the last option is described: http://www.tech-recipes.com/rx/278/h...-shell-script/
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Nov 20, 2010
I have two cryptsetup volumes with the same password that I want to open in a bash script, and I want to avoid writing the passphrase twice. I was thinking of using read -s. Is there any security problems with this?The other alternative would be to have a password file on a small partition encrypted with a passphrase. Then only give the passphrase and let the script open up all encrypted volumes using the password file. However this seems overly complicated. But is it more secure?
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Feb 2, 2010
When I user wants to navigate through the internet, he must first give his username and password. The password is sent in clear text. I would like to encrypt this using SSL (or an other solution already integrated in Squid). Is this possible in Squid?I read that "user_cert" option can do this, but I couldn't configure it.I have: acl myacl user_cert src 192.168.1.5Which gives: "aclParseAclLine: Invalid ACL type 'user_cert'"The other solution is probably tunneling, but I don't want to install special software on the client machines
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Aug 8, 2010
Is there a way to change the password for the whole disk encryption?
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Nov 11, 2010
there is one problem i encountered here while working with Embedded Artist board or Lpc 2478 uclinux.so my questions.what type of encryption does this uclinux use to encrypt the password?instead of using these 2 username and password,can i put my own password and username?
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Apr 28, 2010
I recently mashed the passwd, shadow, gshadow, group files in my Fedora 12 installation. I was dumb and didn't take a copy of the originals and all I have is the originals from a Fedora 11 installation.
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Aug 6, 2010
I'm running RHEL 5. When using the GUI System>Administration>Users and Groups, I get the error: The user database cannot be read. This problem is most likely caused by a mismatch between /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow or /etc/group and /etc/gshadow. The program will exit now.
Some research showed that I need to use vipw and vigr respectively to find an inconsistency between these two sets, which I did - to make it easy I copied each from [vipw | vigr] to an excel file and did =exact(%1, %2). There are no inconsistencies.
[Code]...
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Mar 20, 2010
When installing the latest Distro of Mint (I believe this is not much different, if at all, from Ubuntu as far as this goes) I chose to have my Home folder encrypted using the login password. This was a function of the installation. What I was wondering about was how secure this was and if I should maybe use something to do a better encryption or not.
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Jul 30, 2010
I want to automate the following manual process.Currently, I am encryptying a set of files using openssl as follows:Encrypt file.txt to file.out using 256-bit AES in CBC mode $ openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -salt -in file1 -out file1.enI am then prompted for a password, which is then used to encrypt the fileWhen decrypting, I type $ openssl enc -d -aes-256-cbc -infile1.enc -out fileI am then prompted for the password - which again, I manually type.I want to automate this process of en/decryption - so I need to find a way of providing openssh with the password.
My first thought is whether it is possible to read the password from a file (say)? Or is there a better way of doing this?Also, I suppose that I will have to place restriction on who can view the password file - otherwise, that defeats the whole objective of using a password. I am thinking to run the bash script as a specific user, and then give only that user read rights to the contents of that file.Is this the way its done - or is there a better way?Ofcourse all of this leads to yet another question - which is, how to run a bash script as another user - without having to type the user pwd at the terminal.
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Apr 26, 2010
I would like to known whether I can configure the server to input the password for the encryption disk automatically during boot up.Is it possible
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Nov 24, 2010
Two questions concerning the "insert your password screen" that pops up after some minutes of inactivity: 1) How can I disable it, if I don't want it to pop up anymore? (maybe on startup, but not after inactivity) 2) If it is not disabled: During the installation of Ubuntu, it is asked whether the password chosen will be used only to unlock the screen or also to unencrypt the user's home folder. Supposing the user chose the former option, how can he currently go back and choose to also have encryption? Also: is this encryption good? Is encrypting the home folder enough to protect personal data from eventual laptop theft?
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