General :: Debian - Minimal Distribution With Sshd And Apt?
May 27, 2010
When I signed up for my Debian Linux VPS hosting and first logged on and invoked ps, there was the only user process running: sshd. As I can see, this was minimal Linux with only two things installed and configured: sshd and apt (plus all dependencies, of course).
I want to build (or use existing) similar Linux distro, any advice on how to build (or pick) one? Googling "minimum linux", or "linux with sshd only" usually brings up Debian's netinstall, which is not what I want.
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Mar 5, 2009
I would like to install a program (R for statistical computing). I am using Slackware. On the download page of R (The Comprehensive R Archive Network) there are options to download the code for Debian, Redhat, Suse, and Ubuntu. Which one should I download in my case (using Slackware)? Is there any of them which I should not download?
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Aug 26, 2011
Is there a tool or tutorial to build a distro based on mint/ubuntu/debian?Git, scripts, and tools, small compilations for branding are OK. Compiling kernel, x11, gnome, compiz, etc. is BAD unless really required. Specifically, I'm looking for a way to have some applications installed by default, change logos/about boxes, change theme, configure what compiz options are, and add firmware drivers (connect to the Internet to download wireless adapter driver? <- headache, gotta find a lan cable now ...), and still have the liveCD install method. I'd like it to be based on linux mint, but I only want a few tools from it (update manager, software manager, flash, media codecs), so it's ok if it's ubuntu/debian with those mint tools added back in.
I saw some options, too complex, and others too simple. Not looking for a "learning experience" like LFS which gives me a horrible linux build if I don't do something exactly right. Nor any of those tools which are just package pickers and don't do enough. suse studio looked about right(maybe tad too easy), but was RPM based, not deb based.
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Feb 17, 2010
After a long time I tried ubuntu(9.10) again on my fileserver, I have some remarks; why does a minimal server installation include X/openoffice? I don't need document conversion on a fileserver and I bet a lot of people don't. Wouldn't it be better to create a new server package and leave minimal minimal? low memory installs (64mb) don't work unless you configure swap by hand in between things, 64mb ram is a lot in my eyes. I mean, not to be rude but if I wanted all this I could've better installed Solaris.
That said it's stable and running fine. Since it's my home fileserver I tried to convert my previously created raid10 mirror on an adaptec 1200 card to a softraid 5 solution. This is wat I did:
[Code]...
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Sep 20, 2015
When i login on localhost with pubkey-auth, i get the following in my log
Code: Select allSep 20 12:42:27 aldebaran sshd[19745]: Accepted publickey for root from 127.0.0.1 port 37520 ssh2: RSA 45:4e:27:4d:30:f5:3d:25:10:d0:92:88:53:77:1a:3b
Sep 20 12:42:27 aldebaran sshd[19745]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Sep 20 12:42:27 aldebaran systemd[19757]: pam_unix(systemd-user:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Sep 20 12:42:27 aldebaran systemd-logind[585]: New session 70 of user root.
Sep 20 12:42:27 aldebaran systemd[19757]: Starting Paths.
[code]....
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Oct 13, 2010
I set up a debian lenny in vmware on my windows machine. The network interface is set to bridged, so the virtual machine is connected directly to the university network i am connected to. I want to be able to ssh into the vm.I installed sshd via "apt-get install ssh", generated a key pair with puttygen and copied the public part to "/home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys", set rights to 600 and then tried to disable password authentication completely, following the "securing debian" documentation.this is how my /etc/ssh/sshd_config looks now:
# Package generated configuration file
# See the sshd(8) manpage for details
# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
[code]...
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May 30, 2010
I tried recompiling a new kernel yesterday (2.6.34) on my debian sarge box, but I ran into multiple difficulties. These difficulties forced me to do a double dist-upgrade to lenny. The new kernel was (seemingly) compiled without any hiccups, and I ran dpkg -i on both the image and the header debs. They didn't install properly into grub, but I think I managed to fix that manually.Next thing I did was rebooting the server. It refused to come back up. Luckily my ISP has recovery tools, so I managed to switch back to the old kernel. It boots just fine with that kernel, but the problem is that there is no ssh daemon running! I can access it through ftp and do limited jobs through php, but nothing big, as I have no root access.Now, enough backstory. My question is: How can I install openssh-server onto the server remotely? I cannot access the server personally, as the server is in a completely different country.
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Jul 31, 2009
I have a mini-ITX based system with a 256Mb Flash Drive and 256Mb of RAM.
I aim to use it for the following applications:
Samba Server
Cups
Rsync
Basic Web Server
File based Wiki (perhaps Dokuwiki)
Package Management (to easily add other software as required)
I don't need any X based software or Desktop.
I was hoping to create a Debian Live distribution and run the whole operating system either from a Read Only file system or from RAM.
However (after connecting a standard HDD) and installing basic Debian along with the packages I require (and their dependencies) the filesystem is already over 1Gb in size.
Is there any way this can be reduced drastically in size? Is Debian Live the best way of achieving what I want? Something like Puppy Linux is much smaller in size but I don't want something with such an emphasis on having a Desktop environment which I don't need.
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Apr 23, 2011
How can I create a minimal Debian live cd like GPartedI just need these packages:
GCC
firefox
perl,python
[code]...
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Jul 11, 2011
On a Debian 5.0.8 I have a problem with OpenSSH server (sshd): when connecting to it from another host there is always a 10 seconds delay before sshd gives login prompt to the client. After the connection is established the communication goes on without any interruption. This long delay started to happen a few months ago and sshd_config was not changed at that time.
Here is a short description of the conversation between the putty client (on MS Windows) and sshd:
- putty client starts connection to sshd
- 10 s delay
- sshd returns "login as:"
- user types username in putty window
- sshd returns "password:"
- user types password in putty window
- sshd returns MotD and shell prompt
Here is a short description of the conversation between the OpenSSH client (on a Debian 6) and sshd:
- client does "ssh user@host.foo.bar"
- 10 s delay
- sshd returns "Password:"
- user types password
- sshd returns MotD and shell prompt
I tried connecting from:
- local host - NO DELAY
- a host on the same subnet - delay exists
- a host on another subnet - delay exists
I've found the following suggestions but to no avail (of course I restarted sshd after changing its configuration):
- on server put "UseDNS no" at the end of /etc/ssh/sshd_config
- in /etc/hosts on the server define mappings between IP addresses and host names for the ssh clients
- on client use "GSSAPIAuthentication no" in /etc/ssh/ssh_config
Here are some logs and configurations:
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Oct 13, 2010
I am running Debian testing with KDE via KVM.
I love GNOME to pieces but I also enjoy KDE, and I decided to try Debian with KDE. It was a positive experience but a pain in the rear to set up. I installed KDE, and then had to manually remove most GTK packages, as I had installed KDE-full and was overloaded with KDE and GNOME apps.
I would like to do a minimal, CLI-only installation of Debian testing and then install KDE. My machine accesses internet via wireless, which I read the Debian installer does not support. I'm assuming I will have to go with a netinstall...?
Furthermore, once I attain this CLI-only environment, how difficult will it be to get my hands on KDE? A simple apt-get install kde-full ?
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Mar 16, 2016
Recently I tried to install Debian 8.3 from *netinst.iso as a VM on VmWare Worksation 12. I try this in my office where there is a windows proxy set, for some security measures. During the installation in order to download updated and install additional packages I need to choose a mirror and then a proxy. I try to set the proxy but all I receive was an error. Decide to continue with the minimal installation and when the system start just to enter the proxy in etc/profile the reboot and I was thinking that everything will work just fine and I will be able to install everything I need. When I try apt-get install I receive a message Ign cdrom:// Debian ... Then to remove that error I edit /etc/apt/source.list but even then nothing happened when I try to use apt-get install. I receive and error message "Unable to locate the package.
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Nov 1, 2014
I have recently acquired a micro-sized-PC (A Dell FX130) which comes with a VIA C7 processor, 1GB RAM and 1GB onboard flash. The only application I need is a web-browser, I will use the FX130 to access a (very limited) number of web applications and to download/print-html-to-PDF - putting files onto a USB thumb-drive. I want to encrypt the disk to guard against tampering, and to run a restrictive firewall.
When I try to install the i386 debian-7.7.0 image - I run into the snag that it won't let me use guided configuration for the 1GB flash drive... and - when I guess at a sensible partitioning... I find that I run out of space during the standard installs. I note, however, that a whole bunch of significant applications (which I don't need) are being installed.
I am sure I'm missing something - is there an easy way to do a "minimal" GUI install that would make it easy to fit (just) a web browser (Chrome - ideally) and dependencies onto a 1GB bootable flash drive in a 'Debian-standard' fashion?
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Sep 1, 2010
I am using the Debian stock kernel. I want a minimal kernel that works on my Pentium 4, 1GB DDR RAM machine. What do I have do to get a less resource hungry OS. Is there already a minimal kernel binary available?
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Nov 4, 2010
What happened to kde-core? I have two choices of bloat, kde-standard or kde-full. I don't want stuff like konqueror or kmail. I don't want Gwenview, Okular, or Ksnapshot. I don't care for all the media players. I don't need Kaddressbook or Korganizer. Is there a way to do a normal, minimalistic install without this stuff or am I screwed? I want to reinstall on my laptop and the boss' laptop and would prefer not to have the extras,
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Mar 14, 2011
Is there any easy way (i.e. command or file to view) to find out what distribution I am running? I know that my /etc/apt/sources.list has entries for stable, testing and unstable but I hear that (as of the 30th) "stable" has become Sarge. So if I performed an apt-get update then an apt-get dist-upgrade yesterday should I assume that I am now running Sarge?
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Aug 1, 2011
I have created some little .deb packages which are running fine within my local box. Now I like to create a personal repo for testing branch to distribute those .deb. I have a hosting space based on cetos server where I have both ftp as well as ssh access and I can create a subdomain there pointing to a folder which I can define. So based on this scenario what might be the best way for me to create a debian signed repo ? I have found
- dpkg-scanpackages
- reprepro
Which can create such repo for testing branch; as main non-free contrib style.
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Jun 17, 2009
Can squid do 'fair bandwidth sharing' ? What i mean is, if there is 1 user online on a 4mg line, that user will be using the entire 4mg line speed, and if there are 2 users online, each user will have 2mg line speed, and so on. I have squid cache set up already, but i just need to know how bandwidth distribution/sharing can be handled Can squid also be used to limit/disconnect users after they have used up their allotted bandwidth? [I have a mikrotik router connected to the adsl (for wireless users)]
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Jul 24, 2010
I have a home server set up with samba, proftp, and the torrentflux webUI via apache and mysql. To the best of my ability, I have stripped the system of any unnecessary software. After a fresh reboot the system uses around 250 mb of memory, which to me still seems like a lot, and after it has been on for a few hours with torrents downloading, the memory usage will steadily climb to and stay at 2 gb! Using top shows that the processes using the most memory are python, mysqld, and apache2. What the heck is going on?
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Jul 30, 2014
Fresh install without a desktop environment, I only selected "standard software utilities" from the software selection step of the installation process, nothing else is installed thereafter.
I cannot follow these instructions [URL] .... because "auto" and "iface" commands not found.
iptables isn't installed, but I want to install nftables since it's what iproute2 is to net-tools.
And it doesn't even have NetworkManager either and so far I found out ifconfig (net-tools) has been dropped in favor of iproute2, although that is just what Wikipedia says.
[URL] ....
"apt-cache search iproute2" revealed there is only iproute.
I just checked, net-tools is also installed, but ifconfig command not found?
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Mar 9, 2016
I'm running debian 8.3 (kernel 4.1) on a BeagleBone black and writing a program with C# (vs2015) along with mono on the beagle. So far everything is working out great. What I'm trying to figure out now is how to make this setup run like a kiosk with it booting into my program with a graphical environment but with no actual desktop (just a blank screen). There will be an LCD showing the program but at the same time I want the program available through a remote connection.
I've got the blank desktop working via VNC but I think I should change to xrdp (the target users all have windows with remote desktop connection installed by default but what vnc is or have the permissions to install a vnc client).
Anyway, I think getting xrdp started with my program at boot will be pretty simple (famous last words?). I simply start the xrdp instance in rc.local then use the session script to start my program.
What I cant wrap my head around is not having two copies of my program running - one showing on the LCD using HDMI and the other running on a second desktop through xrdp...
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Feb 15, 2011
I'd like to install absolutely minimal Xfce4 without any extra stuff like xfce4-panel, taskbar, calendar etc.
How to install it on Lenny?
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May 17, 2011
How to separate sftp and ssh and run on different ports.
i.e.
a) sftp on port x
b) ssh on port 22
I searched from the web and there are no detailed instructions. They suggested something like separating sshd_config into two files (file A and file B) and run two instances. Each instance points to its configuration file.
However, they didnt write down the detailed procedure of:
a) how to modify file A and file B (i.e. which line should insert specific commands)?
b) how to run two instances?
c) how to point each instance to its config file.
I am using Linux CentOS and the latest open-ssh.
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Oct 14, 2010
I have just built my first ever Linux desktop, using VM Ware and it is running Ubuntu 10.10. I wish to try and use SSH to contact the machine but I don't believe the SSHD is running.
I have done a grep for SSHD shows nothing and have checked the Synaptic Package Manager and can see an openssh-client version 1:5.5.p1-4ubuntu is currently installed.
On Solaris, you can start SSH by typing /etc/init.d/ssh start but when checking /etc/init.d on Linux, there is nothing in there called SSH so am unable to restart it.
I just want to have the SSH running on the machine.
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Feb 23, 2010
I've figured out that '~i !~M' will give me all packages I have manually installed. Can I formulate a query such that I get all packages manually installed from a particular distribution (e.g. Lenny, Squeeze, Sid)? Yes, I'm using pinning.
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May 15, 2010
I have installed the debian lenny base system in my old pc. I want only a minimal system with a small window manager like icewm and firefox to surf the web. What I need to write now in text mode to install this minimal system?
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Jan 27, 2016
I've just installed debian testing on my computer (netinst AKA basic shell version). Now, how do I do a minimal gnome install? Minimal means, I don't need libreoffice or any extra bloat. However, I do want nautilus, gnome-settings-daemon and networkmanager (and of course, firefox!).
Also, is audio included or not in gnome-shell?
If I just install the gnome-shell package (with --no-install-recommends package), will it pull in gdm, Xorg, etc. or do I have to install them separately? Also, need to confirm whether my sources.list is properly set or not:
Code: Select alldeb http://ftp.security.debian.org/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main
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Jan 8, 2011
I'm looking for a good tutorial to install minimal Debian with Gnome on USB Memory stick and make it bootable.
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Mar 11, 2011
Whenever I login to a certain server using SSH I get a very long delay before a prompt appears. Everything I looked up on this issue says that it's a DNS issue and that I should disable reverse DNS lookups on the server.
But, the remote server is a shared webhosting server. I e-mailed the sysadmins but they say they have no DNS issue and that they won't change the server configuration. So, how can I fix this issue from my side (client side)? I have a static IP address and a hostname that points to it.
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Aug 23, 2011
I'm running Ubuntu 10.4 and I've tried disabling IPv6 as I don't currently need it. I rand the following to disable IPv6 and then rebooted my server:
echo "#disable ipv6" | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1" | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1" | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1" | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
After the reboot I can see that IPv& is disabled by running:
cat /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/disable_ipv6
On running netstat -antlp i see that most of the IPv6 applications have closed but SSHd keeps running:
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9090 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 663/java
[Code]....
Ho can I close the SSH daemon on port 22 of the IPv6?
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