Fedora :: Fill /dev/sdxx With Random Data - Make A "professional Effort" At Encrypting The Partition
Jul 5, 2011
If this is correct [URL] I can expect that it will take more then 16 days to fill my 2TB partition from /dev/urandom. That's not workable for me. dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/sdxx has been running for 36 hours, and I need to finish setting up the filesystem. But I also need to make a "professional effort" at encrypting the partition. Ok, so I can try
Code: sudo /sbin/badblocks -c 10240 -s -w -t random -v /dev/sdxx So, what is "10240" doing there? Yes, I rtfm, "is the number of blocks which are tested at a time", but is that for the partition size? If so, then I would want to increase it to 204800 for a 2TB partition, right? If not, what should I do?
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Jul 5, 2011
If this post is correct [URL] I can expect that it will take more then 16 days to fill my 2TB partition from /dev/urandom. That's not workable for me. dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/sdxx has been running for 36 hours, and I need to finish setting up the filesystem. But I also need to make a "professional effort" at encrypting the partition. I am supposed to fill the partition with random data, to strengthen the encryption for a LUKS partition. It seems that if the bad guys get the drive, they have much more time to try and crack it, then I have to encrypt it. Ok, so I can try Code: sudo /sbin/badblocks -c 10240 -s -w -t random -v /dev/sdxx How long can I expect badblocks to run on a 2TB partition?.
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Aug 6, 2010
Am quite new to Ubuntu (10.04) and have recently reinstalled XP. I want to make an image of my windows partition to save time and effort when wanting to restore this. I read the Ubuntu documentation on Drive Imaging [URL]..community/DriveImaging and am wondering if I've done things ok?
I've booted using the Live CD. Windows is on sda1 and is a 50GB partition. I have a hidden ntfs partition on the same hard drive at sda9 of 10GB. The first time I tried this I got an error regarding my output file saying "Not a directory". I'm assuming that was because I hadn't mounted sda9. It also reported an error saying permission denied on sda1. I then mounted sda9
Code:
sudo mount /dev/sda9 /mnt
I then changed to root as I thought not being in that was why I was getting the permissions error.
Code:
sudo -s
I've then done the following;
Code:
dd if=/dev/sda1 bs=1024 | gzip > /mnt/sda1.bin.gz
The terminal window is just showing a flashing cursor in the bottom left corner under the above command line input. Is the fact that my mount partition being smaller than my windows partition going to cause a problem or will gzip solve that? My Windows install occupies about 7.5GB of the 50GB partion.
I'm not sure if dd is just taking a long time to complete the task???
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Aug 6, 2010
On my laptop (Dell Studio 1745) w/500GB HD, I have a common data partition shared by openSUSE. Fedora, FreeBSD, and windoze 7 currently. I would like to encrypt this partition (/Common) and have it accessible from all distros either with a passphrase key in /root or on a flash key. I've been researching on the web and there seem to be several possibilities using eCryptfs, Luks, cryptosetup, or any of several methods.
My question is, what have people here used and how well did it work? Also, what was required for setup (I'll probably have to explain/teach it to my wife who is technology challenged-but I still love her anyway) and my daughter who's just getting into linux. I would like to be able to keep the entire directory on the hard drive but also have the ability to copy it to external USB device for transport.
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Aug 10, 2011
I would like to encrypt my swap partition ...During installation, I tried to select the "encrypt partition" choice, but it needed a passphrase.After installation, I tried to encrypt my partition ... I followed this article: The problem is that my swap partition always changes its path ...When I first booted the system, it was /dev/sda10, next it became /dev/sdc10, now it is /dev/sdb10. This is probably the reason why in fstab all entries are according to UUID.However, the swap partition is not fond of UUIDs ! I tried to mkswap /dev/<current swap partition> -L Swap, I received a UUID, puted it in /etc/crypttab ... it worked for the first time ... but the second time... did not.
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Oct 17, 2010
I was using dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/user name/wipe.conf however i got a message that my hard drive is full.
lots of this is scary - dangerous. what is the best way to fill in random or zeros in deleted files without the hard drive filling up ?
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Jun 1, 2009
I just discovered that my server is sending huge amount of data out at about 1Mbps. My immediate thought was the deluge bittorrent client, however it is supposedly not running (and a check confirmed its total active torrents was set to 0). I turned off the network and went in to Firestarter to set the outbound traffic to restrictive, turned on network again and no more data was sent. A look in Firestarter / Events showed a long list of random ports being used (see further down). How can I identify what program is sending all the data?
In Firestarter it doesn't really say much more than the port. Not sure if it is some misconfigured program or a malware/virus. I just got my ADSL connected a few days ago, and before that I used a mobile broadband (3G) as I just relocated. During the period I used the 3G the server might have been without firewall for a few days and it was also at this time I discovered an increase in network traffic (but I didn't really pay much attention at that time). I am running Fedora 10.
List of events from firestarter, my server is 192.168.1.100:
Time:Jun 1 16:48:12 Direction: Outbound In: Out:eth1 Port:39435 Source:192.168.1.100 Destination:58.208.xxx.56 Length:129 TOS:0x00 Protocol:UDP Service:Unknown
Time:Jun 1 16:48:12 Direction: Outbound In: Out:eth1 Port:6990 Source:192.168.1.100 Destination:112.94.xxx.212 Length:129 TOS:0x00 Protocol:UDP Service:Unknown
Time:Jun 1 16:48:12 Direction: Outbound In: Out:eth1 Port:2973 Source:192.168.1.100 Destination:118.93.42.xxx Length:129 TOS:0x00 Protocol:UDP Service:Svnetworks .....
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Jun 12, 2011
I have Kubuntu 11.04 64-bit installed (software upgrade from 10.10) and I have a separate /home partition. I want to encrypt my /home partition (and perhaps the swap partition as well) but I don't want to have to reinstall Kubuntu. (Mostly because it was a software upgrade and I don't have an 11.04 disc.) I found a tutorial for Encryptfs via one of the stickies that mentions post-install migration, but it says that using Encryptfs on a separate /home partition is more complicated than if it were part of the root partition and that the CDs don't have any software to preserve and configure existing encrypted /home partitions. (Granted this tutorial is made for 9.04, so things may have changed.)
Also, this tutorial makes it sound like if you have your /home directory encrypted that the encrypted data is stored in a folder on the root partition. Is it done the same way if the /home directory is on its own partition? Because I don't think my root partition is large enough to have all of my /home data. (I purposely kept it small because the root partition doesn't seem to get very large.)
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Aug 15, 2010
So I was wondering about the dilemma of how to encrypt the password file on a key card to unlock your harddrive without having to enter any password. I came to the conclusion that that the scripts could do this without storing any passwords in plane text them self. Have a few extra steps to the scripts that would:
1. Read the UUID of any disks coming in.
2. Attempt to use that ID to decrypt a password file stored in the initrd.
3. Use the decrypted password file to unlock the the keycard partition.
4. THEN use the password files on the keycard to decrypt the main partition and boot the system.
However, if somebody stole your key card and didn't know what the unencrypted information was, then it's harmless for them to have it anyway. And if they did know, you wouldn't be any better off with it being encrypted because they probably can gain access to your computer anyway; leaving them to just pop the key card in and automatically decrypt the drive.
I suppose encrypting the keycard would give you extra assurance that the information would be much harder to recover if you destroyed the key card in a hurry. So would this extra security step even be worth it?
I guess the most secure thing would be to only have a password and type it in every time... unless you are concerned about the aliens/government stealing that from your brain which would probably mean they wouldn't need your password anyway.
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Jan 27, 2011
I've created a /tmp partition on a server that I would like to encrypt in a fashion that doesn't require a password to be entered on boot because this server is in a remote data center. Storing the password on the server so that it can automatically boot would obviously defeat the purpose of encrypting in the first place. Skipping automounting is another option but I'd really like to avoid that because there are a number of other services that would have to be suspended until the /tmp partition is online.
I found this article designed for centos (HowTos/EncryptTmpSwapHome - CentOS Wiki) which seems perfect since it generates a key randomly on boot and that key is destroyed and regenerated on each successive boot. However, the script doesn't seem to work on openSUSE - it throws errors saying . /etc/init.d/functions doesn't exist, restorecon command not found, action command not found, etc. Is there an openSUSE-ish way to achieve promptless partition encryption?
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Jan 8, 2010
I want to encrypt Full partition instead of creating a file and encrypting it, and also want to move this disk to another server. do i need some files also (that hold keys) with my self on new server. i am using FC11.
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Mar 9, 2011
Has anyone tried encrypting the boot partition to prevent the kernel from being modified. Iv tried following this but I'm running into issues when building. [URL] Im using the source from bzr checkout [URL] Last time I tried I screwed grub and it wouldnt boot.
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Feb 22, 2011
I was wondering what version of Fedora I have to install on a server in a professional environment. At the moment I install the Fedora 14 (minimum) version 64bit. Is this a good choice?
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May 9, 2011
I'm brand new to linux and just started with fedora 14. I'm trying to mount the resumemaker professional iso so I can download the program. It's a windows program so I'm not sure if that matters. I've spent the past 2 hours trying to figure it out.
i did:
mkdir /mnt/iso for the new folder
then:
mount -o loop /home/jordanamman/ResumeMaker/ResumeMaker Professional 16.0 Deluxe.iso /mnt/iso
(I've tried like 20 different combinations from different websites so idk what I'm doing wrong)
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Sep 22, 2010
Once random data is obtained by means other than a pseudo-random number generator, what software is available to measure the entropy or quality/randomness of the data?
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Jan 11, 2011
Given the following data structure: Quote:
[Code]...
What is the minimum possible MySQL query to get a random data selection that includes each Index number only once and ordered ascending. The maximum index number is known. For example running the query should get the following data: 01, 06, 07, 02. Running the query again, you may get the same data or another possible combination like: 01, 05, 07, 04. Of course you could run a loop for 1 to max_index and process a random ordered data selection until the next index number is found. But I think this will result in too many database access. Also you could run max_index queries to get all IDs that correspond to the given index and randomly select one ID for each index.
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Mar 9, 2011
I want to view a hard drive and see if it has all zeroes, how would I do this? I want to view a hard drive and see if it has all random data, or random data mixed with zeroes. How can I do this? I prefer to do all this in linux if possible without a gui...so looking for any cli tools to view with.
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Sep 3, 2009
I created an ext3 partition to be able to share data or files between CentOS 5.3 and F11 (and possibly other distros...) on /dev/sda5. I created the folder under /mnt and edited fstab and it's mounting ok and it lets me write to the drive.
But it's only seeing the files I wrote to it in F11, not the files or folders I created in CentOS; not even the text files created in gedit. I read some messages on here, and made myself the owner of the folder (data2share) and rebooted and it's still not seeing the files.
Might it be because F11 is using ext4 and CentOS is using ext3 ?? To test that theory, I started my external usb drive that's also formatted ext3 and it's seeing those files just fine. So I'm stumped.
Here's the output from /sbin/fdisk -
Code:
Disk /dev/sda: 250.0 GB, 250059350016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x8f97908e
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
[Code]....
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May 30, 2011
I am trying to install the bucktooth gopher server on a Windows xp laptop. I have cygwin 1.7 installed, and I recently installed the xinetd and perl packages. I successfully (?) configured bucktooth, but I have had trouble with the connection cutting out partway through (partial directory listings, half-blank pictures, etc.). I used tintin++ to get the connection's data directly, and found that in addition to occasionally missing lines, some lines are duplicated.
I then ran the bucktooth server directly (to bypass xinetd), and found that the server was giving consistent, correct output. I then added a test service to xinetd (m4), but after connecting to this test service (through tintin++), xinetd would respond with one line of unexpected data (such as "gf" or a line from a recent bucktooth directory listing) and close the connection. Could this be a broken xinetd? My xinetd configuration:
[Code]...
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Dec 4, 2009
In the process of preupgrading to FC12. Towards the end of the process I get a warning that my /boot partition isn't big enough (12 recommends minimum of 300Mb).
My disks:
[root@fatbeast boot]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_fatbeast-lv_root
35G 6.6G 28G 20% /
/dev/sda1 194M 176M 8.4M 96% /boot
/dev/mapper/vg_fatbeast-LogVol02
29G 25G 3.2G 89% /home
tmpfs 1.9G 676K 1.9G 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb 7.5G 319M w7.2G 5% /media/CDF2-6BE2
[root@fatbeast boot]#
Is there a tool I can use to resize my existing partitions WITHOUT data loss? I've been using gparted up to now for sorting partition stuff, does that maintain data when resizing (assuming I run from a boot CD or USB rather than a running system)?
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Jan 26, 2011
By mistake I formatted an ext3 partition on my external hard-drive. Now it has turned into a vfat filesystem. Is their any chance of recovering the lost data?
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Jan 6, 2011
I have a problem with the evolution mail client. I have created a privat PGP key. Now I'd like to attach my puplic key to a E-Mail in order xchange the puplic keys with friends.I'm not able to find a option like "attach my privat key".I also wasn't able to find a solution by searching the web
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Jul 24, 2009
During a recent request to install fedora 11, I ran into an interesting problem. It seems that between fedora10 and fedora11, the developers switched from fdisk, to parted for creating the initial pre-mke2fs partition table creation.
It looks like the implementation of this is broken, as it's writing the partition table with overlapping cylinder boundaries. While this can sometimes be ignored, it can in certain cases cause significant data corruption.
On an installation I took it through, using the latest installation media, in both manual & automatic partition creation, the layout looked like this:
The last two partitions turn out fine, for some reason. However, those two partitions should not have overlapping cylinders. After my very first installation, the system was completely unbootable, and not even fsck wouldn't rescue it. If this is possible, then that means that a system that's been online for months or even years could simply drop out of functionality simply due to a byte or two of system-critical data falling on that last cylinder. Considering that a lot of the time kernel data ends up on /dev/sda1 (commonly the /boot partition), this is something that should not be ignored.
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Jun 3, 2009
I have a home directory which is mounted on the LVM partition,How can i reduce the size of LVM partiotion without loosing the data on home directory...whenever i use lvreduce command it show me a warning mesg that the whole data will be lost...reducing the size of LVM partition without loosing my home directory data.
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Feb 20, 2009
I'm actually not a Linux newbie, but I'm DEFINITELY no expert either... I'm trying to copy all my data(approx 50 GB) from a usb drive(western digital 250GB) with ntfs partition in one go... The problem is that it only fails for big transfers... works fine for smaller transfers like 1Gigs or less... I have just one internal hdd partitioned into two ext3 partitions.. so I have sda1(Primary.. mount pt /), sda2(swap) and sda3(mount pt /piyush)... The usb drive comes up as sdb(sdb1).. just has one ntfs partition... I've also installed the ntf-3g drivers.... but doesn't seem to work... I've also noticed that when the machine hangs and I try to shut down, it fails and I get a message again again... (sdb1- no sense detected) or something like this... don't remember the exact message... will post the exact one if no one is able to figure out what's wrong...
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Jun 17, 2009
i have recently installed thunderbird on my fedora 11 box and so far so good. i am interested in encrypting my emails and digitally signing them as well. does anyone have documentation as to how i can do this? i messed around with it last night but i was not able to import a valid certificate.
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Dec 12, 2009
I'm installing fedora 12 on a laptop using the live cd, and I have a few questions about the encryption process.
First, I'd like to fill the drive with random data. I've read the fedora documentation and it suggests using the following command: dd if=/dev/urandom of=<device>. The installer didn't offer an opportunity to do this, so I opened a terminal and typed the command. I expected it to take hours on my 160 gig hard drive, but it only took about 3 minutes, and indicated about 600 megs of data had been written. Did I do it correctly? According to palimpsest, my boot partition is sda1 and the other partition is sda2, so that's the one ran the command with.
Second, I need some advice on what to encrypt. The installer shows me the following layout after I select encryption:
LVM Volume Groups
Hard Drives
I know I can't encrypt boot, but I can encrypt lv_root and lv_swap. But is it necessary to do that? And tell me the pros and cons of using a boot loader password?
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Feb 21, 2009
I have just spent dome time using gparted to sort out my partitions. I have a vista partition, a fedora one and a big chunk of unallocated space I wish to use as my data drive.
I want to move my ~ folder to the new partition and have windows/vista access the folder and write to the Documents, Downloads folders etc.
What is the best format to use?
Also I plan to start backing up my partitions to a server, for instance using g4l to save a linux image (maby a windose one too). Is there any benifit in keeping all the hidden files (ones starting with period '.') i.e moving the whole ~ folder or would I be best off leaving the ~ dir and moving the folders I know i use such as ~/Downloads, ~/Documents etc?
And how should i preform the move of all these files? 'mv'? do i need to add any special options?
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Jun 12, 2010
I just installed F13 x86_64 on a system that used to be running Windows 7.
The boot drive is a SATA drive attached to the motherboard which is working fine.
However, my data drive is an NTFS partition filling a 3.6TB SATA raid.
It's GPT--Gparted sees 3 unknown partitions, and gdisk shows:
Code:
How do I mount this in Fedora 13? I had intended to shrink the NTFS partition so that I can create an ext4 partition to move the data to. Will this be possible?
I've got a LOT of valuable data on this drive, and nothing else big enough to store it.
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Jul 19, 2009
Is there a way to make fedora 11 can write the hfs+ partition? Beside fedora i have mac os x, and usually i use third partition(fat) as medium to transfer file from fedora to mac.
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