For my project, it's absolutely necessary to have a read-only root partition system. I have a writable /opt/project partition.But, I also need to start x server. startx This tries to write to some temporary files and fails as / is readonly. Is there any how-to on how to move this temporary files to the writable portions of the file system.
View 3 RepliesI have built a kernel with a ramdisk(ramdisk.image.gz) included. Also in the kernel command line I specified root=/dev/ram0. I am trying to use this ramdisk to load a loopback file as the root filesystem off a fat partition. This is /sbin/init from the ramdisk.
#!/bin/sh
mount -n -t msdos /dev/mmcblk0p1 /mnt
losetup /dev/loop0 /mnt/linux/linuxdsk.img
mount -t ext2 /dev/loop0 /mnt2
[Code]....
The problem is both umount and blockdev report "device is busy". I want to free up this RAM any suggestions?
I am interested in making the root file system is read-only. I've moved /var and /tmp file systems to another partitions. There are two files in the /etc directory that need to be writable.
These are:
I've moved this files to /var and linked it. I've added command to the /etc/rc.d/rc.local file:
That's it. Are there other solutions to make the root file system is read-only?
I have a 9.04 64bit Ubuntu server that I use for a home file server and for downloading duties, every few days the root filesystem gets remounted as read only, usually requiring a reboot and fsck to get everything running again. The box is tucked away in the roof space to keep the noise down so it's a bit of a pain to keep pulling it out to get console access.troubleshoot what might be causing this?/ is on a raid 1 array on 2 8GB usb sticks last few lines of DMESG EXT3-fs error (device md3): ext3_journal_start_sb: Detected aborted journal
Code:
[632280.290419] journal_bmap: journal block not found at offset 23180 on md3
[632280.290470] Aborting journal on device md3.
[code]....
cups does not start with the server. When I try to start from the terminal I get the error message
cupsd: Unable to read configuration file '/etc/cups/cupsd.conf' - exiting!
cupsd: Child exited with status 1!
The log files show nothing. cupsd.conf exists. It is user - root and group - root with permissions set at 0644.
My interpretation of this is that the program is not launching from either boot or terminal for a fundamental reason. I do not quite see what that reason is .
I am using Gentoo Linux and for a while now, the root file system is mounted read-only on booting. For obvious reasons, this is quite annoying as most services do not start up correctly (I do not use a separate file system for /var). After the system is up, I have to log in, remount the root file system read-write, fix /etc/mtab, mount all other file systems in from /etc/fstab and then start up all the missing daemons. I know that there are ways to make a system run properly with a read-only file system, but I would rather restore the old behaviour of a writable root file system.
The strange thing is that after running mount / -o remount,rw, the file system is mounted in writable mode without any errors. I suspected some problem with fsck, but now I have disabled automatic file system checks on the partition (tune2fs -c0 -i0).When I run dmesg, only these lines mention the partition at all, although I am not sure if not something gets lost because /var/log is not writable:
EXT3-fs (sda5): mounted filesystem with writeback data mode</code>
EXT3-fs (sda5): using internal journal
The line in /etc/fstab looks like this:
[code]....
I have a "time-server". It's sending time to different devices through different ports/protocols. The problem is that it has no operator and that makes some extra difficulties.
Now when i try to start it using terminal Code: Select allsudo ./myprogram works fine and
Code: Select all./myprogram doesn't work.
It is so because without sudo i have no access to ports. As a result If i add my program to System->Preferences->Startup Applications it has the same problem. So i need to start it as root, auto-start, right after auto-login to system but without entering password cause nobody will do it.
Also I need to start ntpd but it also asks password sometimes I've tried googles but it offer a few ways with entering password that isn't suitable for me or writing some scripts/changing system files but with no example I'm afraid to break it all. So is there a way to start Myprogram and NTPD as root with no password entering?
My system is Debian 6.0.10 Squeeze, Kernel 2.6.32-5-686
I am using debian squeeze server with asterisk 1.6 installed and configured.my problem is non root users need to access the server using ssh and restart asterisk server after making changes in asterisk configuration files.As of now i am giving root username/password for this process (i know it is not at all a good idea) .now how can i create a username and configure it which can only access and modify asterisk configuration files and restart asterisk server without any other privileges.
View 1 Replies View RelatedCan windows read files from a home file server with an ext4 file system? or do I have to partition the drive with the server (ext4) and an ntfs partition with the files on?
View 4 Replies View Relatedcups does not start with the server. When I try to start from the terminal I get the error message cupsd: Unable to read configuration file '/etc/cups/cupsd.conf' - exiting! cupsd: Child exited with status 1!
The log files show nothing. cupsd.conf exists. It is user - root and group - root with permissions set at 0644. My interpretation of this is that the program is not launching from either boot or terminal for a fundamental reason. I do not quite see what that reason is ..
I have a videos server here at work running Mandriva 2009 Spring and I need to copy a 10 gig file from it to a USB drive. The drive needs to be readable and writable from Windows. The file size rules out FAT, and when I try to write to it when formatted as NTFS I get an error about it being a read-only file system. How can I get NTFS support up and running?
View 2 Replies View RelatedI tried to send mail from my debian system commandline as root user But i did not get the mail in the destination email inbox No errors was shown
View 1 Replies View RelatedI have just recently installed firestarter to get an idea of iptables editing with a GUI. Firestarter works great and I love it, however when I turn my system on, and my system is booting up the terminal displays a "Failed" message when attempting to start up firestarter. Now I have been doing my homework (reserch) and have read that a user will get this error because firestarter trys to load prior to the network manager starting up. I have also read some other variables that can cause this is if you use network manager and have a password on your user account (which I do have) can cause this issue.
However in most cases from what I have read is even though it gives the user a "Failed" startup message, once the user logs in, and is connected to the internet firestarter will actually load the iptables. I did some tests and from what I understand I can see that this is true because I have allowed access to certain torrent trackers, and denied access to others, and I can see some come online. Does firestarter load iptables once the user logs in? Or once it fails to load, does it not load at all unless you manually open/load the application. If firestarter just modifies iptables, then once I save my listings in firestarter then I really don't need it to start up correct?
After install debian 8, I can't see system start and stop message from console ... How can I enable system message from console in debain 8?
debian 7 output
----------------------------------------------
root@demo:~# service apache2 restart
[ ok ] Restarting web server: apache2 ... waiting .
root@demo:~#
debian 8 output
-----------------------------------------------
root@demo:~# service apache2 restart
root@demo:~# <=============================== No message (start or stop)
My linux distro is CentOS 5.3. Today I edited /etc/sysconfig/readonly-root and set "READONLY" to yes, now my /etc/sysconfig/readonly-root file is like this:
# Set to 'yes' to mount the system filesystems read-only.
READONLY=yes
# Set to 'yes' to mount various temporary state as either tmpfs
[code]...
my iwlist scan is normal. ethernet connection ok, wirless not working but does seem to receive. wifi radar lists my router ssid. Does this say I have the correct router for my wireless is my question? I am also getting this error message with this system on KDE, LENNY. From KWLAN a wpasupplicant front end.
"you do not have permissions to start pppd or pppd was not found. Dial up networking will not work."
[code]...
There is this bug in the latest version of Ubuntu, which is also Jessie, which is:
Can't copy a file from SMB share to the local file system: Software caused connection abort
The problem, apparently, is that newer versions of Samba hit servers with multiple requests at the same time, and for some reason the Zyxel and Iomega boxes can't handle this. The best solution they've come up with is to modify the smb.conf file on your server to include this setting: "max mux = 1".
Here is the reference material on this bug: [URL] ....
People who develop samba have fixed it in the latest version but neither the ubuntu nor Debian have released the fixed version of nautilus, as of yet. Here, is the reference: [URL] ....
I have headless debian as a server which i use over tightvnc server running on it. Vnc works fine but I can't for example run sudo mousepad or any other gui app from terminal, it says something about not having the rights to open it as root. I understand this has something to do with security, but my computers are behind nat so the vnc server can only be connected inside my lan so i don't mind.
View 7 Replies View RelatedI will be relocating to a permanent residence sometime in the next year or two. I've recently begun thinking about the best way to implement a home-based network. It occurred to me that the most elegant solution might be the use of VM technology to eliminate as much hardware and wiring as possible.My thinking is this: Install a multi-core system and configure it to run several VMs, one each for a firewall, a caching proxy server, a mail server, a web server. Additionally, I would like to run 2-4 VMs as remote (RDP)workstations, using diskless workstations to boot the VMs over powerline ethernet.The latest powerline technology (available later this year) will allow multiple devices on a residential circuit operating at near gigabit speed, just like legacy wired networks.
In theory, the above would allow me to consolidate everything but the disklessworkstations on a single server and eliminate all wired (and wireless) connections except the broadband connection to the Internet and the cabling to the nearest power outlets. It appears technically possible, but I'm not sure about the various virtual connections among VMs. In theory, each VM should be able to communicate with the other as if it was on the same network via the server data bus, but what about setting up firewall zones? Any internal I/O bandwidth bottlenecks? Any other potential "gotchas", caveats, issues? (Other than the obvious requirement of having enough CPU and RAM).Any thoughts or observations welcome, especially if they are from real world experience in a VM environment. BTW--in case you're wondering why I'm posting here, it's because I run Debian on all my workstations/servers (running VirtualBox as a VM for Windows XP on one workstation).
Since upgrading from Wheezy to Jessie I have not been able to start the MySQL-server. When I do a "systemctl start mysql" I get the following answer on the console:
Job for mysql.service failed. See 'systemctl status mysql.service' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.
Entering 'systemctl status mysql.service' the answer is:
● mysql.service - LSB: Start and stop the mysql database server daemon
Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/mysql)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Don 2015-06-18 18:35:41 CEST; 4min 1s ago
Process: 11272 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysql start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
syslog and hostname.err don't show any pertinent messages.
When I try to install anything recently, I was getting errors about "No Space". I noticed that the root drive (/dev/sda1) has 100% usage which I'm not sure how that suddenly happened.
Code:
tom@HouseMedia:/$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 9.0G 9.0G 0 100% /
none 1.5G 552K 1.5G 1% /dev
none 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
none 1.5G 300K 1.5G 1% /var/run
none 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /var/lock
none 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/sdb1 294G 182G 97G 66% /mediastorage
There was a powerloss recently and I wondered if some serious corruption had occurred. Since I'm checking the root drive, I had fsck run after a restart:
Code:
sudo shutdown -F -r now
FSCK went to work, briefly, and the logs (/var/logs/checkfs and /var/logs/checkroot) remain empty. Speaking of log files, I had a look at all of them and they take up a mere 32MB, so that's not the issue...
Code:
tom@HouseMedia:/var/log$ ls -h -l
total 32M
drwxr-x--- 2 root adm 4.0K 2011-06-05 06:39 apache2
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K 2011-01-20 10:43 apparmor
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K 2011-06-01 06:37 apt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2011-03-01 06:43 aptitude
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 851 2011-02-08 10:08 aptitude.1.gz
-rw-r----- 1 syslog adm................
Using Code:
du -h
I know that:
/var uses 1.2 GB
/root uses 100 K
/usr uses 1.4 GB
/tmp is empty
/home has 35 MB
Have already ran apt-get clean. How can I figure out what is taking up so much room? How can I go about figuring out what is huge and is safe to remove?
I bought a new SD card which I intend to put some MP3s on - except that I can't write to it because it tells me the destination is Read Only. No-probs thinks I: I'll just reformat it.
"Error creating file system: helper exited with exit code 1: cannot open /dev/mmcblk0p1: Read-only file system"
Various chmod commands all result in Read-only file system. I tried umount then mount commands, but it couldn't find it to mount once I'd unmounted it using the same /media/ file path (I assume it's the only one).
My Redhat Enterprise Linux 4 with 6x partitions (/, /boot,/home, /usr, /var, /tmp) of 6.0 GB IDE Hardisk was working quite fine. I decided to create LVM on /home and /var partitions but due to some errors occured and I delete the /home partitions. That's why partition table altered. I then delete 4,5,and 6th partitions (/home, /var, /tmp) partitions and now try to create one by one but following error is coming:-
[Code]....
The Super block could not be read or do not describe a clear ext2 file system. E2fsck b 8193 <device> I have tried following commands,but could not successful:- e2fsck -p /dev/hda7 (where hda7 was created but afterthat it was deleted) e2fsck -a /dev/hda7
There isn't any separate file system for /home and we have only one (/) root file system for everything else on the system. Is there any way that we can still implement quotas for users through their home directories was mounted on (/) root file system. Do we need to have a separate file system (/home) compulsory for implementing disk quotas?
View 3 Replies View RelatedAfter a fresh install of Debian I came across an error Im hoping you guys can help me with. Ive searched for the error and it appears there are multiple reasons that could be causing it. To compound the problem, Im at work so I dont have the specific error messages....so I just installed Lenny (standard install, no desktop) using a USB installer and everything went very smooth. On first boot, the system paused while waiting for the root file system. After a minute or two it just errored out complaining it could not find the root file system and put me at a (vmlinuz) prompt?My guess is that I need to go into my bios and change my boot priority.. but again, thats just a guess.
View 1 Replies View RelatedCentos 5.3 includes Ext4 and improved support for encrypted file systems but it appears to be aimed at laptop/desktop systems, in that a password must be entered at boot time.
Is it possible to have a server with an encrypted root file system boot up without entering a password?
Mandos will do it...
http://wiki.fukt.bsnet.se/wiki/Mandos
...by serving up the password from another server...
http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/mandos
...to a client loaded into the initial RAM disk environment...
http://packages.debian.org/squeeze/mandos-client
...but it's not available on CentOS, and is only in Debian unstable.
Is there a similar (or any) solution for CentOS?
In particular, I'm envisaging encrypted virtual machines being served passwords from their virtual host.
Alternatively, the data that *really* needs to be protected could be encrypted while the system core remains unencrypted. But then the keys to decrypt the file system must be stored in the unencrypted portion, so this is not an effective method.
I'm a long time user of Debian, but I'm having trouble with my partitioning process. Here is where I currently stand:
I am installing the latest Wheezy build. I am trying to install debian with an encrypted LVM that spans two hard disks.
My partitioning layout is as:
1. /home
2. /root
3. swap
4. /boot
I then added partitions 1, 2 and 3 to a physical volume group. I then took that physical volume group and added it to a logical volume. Then I encrypted the logical volume, leaving the /boot partition untouched. I was under the assumption that the only partition the system needed free to reach the loading of the LVM is the /boot partition, as it holds the files necessary for booting. But when I attempt to finalize the disk, it gives an error stating, "No root file system detected". That would be an issue as it is currently sitting inside the encrypted LV. Am I wrong in including the root partition in the encrypted LV?
What is the best way of having as little of my file system non-encrypted as possible while still allowing a proper boot?
I currently have a debian hpc server unit of 10 p4 computers running under debian lenny in use for serving my home network via pxe. I was wondering if there was anything I could use to allow the same read and write acces that is on my pxe machines on my new palm pre plus. That would save me the hassle of syncing all my documents and movies etc to my phone every day or so.
So basically what I am asking is if I can use the current 5tb nfs raid and mount it some way to a remote ip that I can access fully on my phone without the need for a flash plugin. Btw the phone is homebrew app ready.
Have just assembled a new computer and thought I would install the 64 bit version of openSUSE 11.2 in a "Windows free zone". After a hiccup or two I have managed to get a system of sorts running but on trying to copy files from my old computer(via a memory stick) it tells me that Vfat is an unknown file system.On my old computer I am running 32 bit openSUSE 11.2 as a dual boot system with Windows XP and have no problems moving files between the two different file systems.Is it possible to get a 64 bit file system to read 32 bit file system drives and if so how do I do it?
View 7 Replies View RelatedRemember back in the days of MS-DOS, a file could have 4 different attributes: archive, read-only, hidden, system. As you know, MS-DOS didn't have any user rights or privileges. Files had no owner. If you were at the command line, you could do whatever you wanted, you could change or delete any files you wanted to... so long as they weren't read-only. Under MS-DOS, if you had a read-only file and tried to delete it, you would get an error saying "Cannot delete read-only file". There was a simple remedy to this, just turn off the read-onlyness:
Code:
attrib -r hello.txt
The point I'm trying to make here is that even though you had full permissions over the file, you still had to turn off its read-onlyness before you could make a change. Well I'm trying to do something similar in Linux. Under Linux, the root user has full permissions over every file. But I need to make a particular file read-only so that not even the root user can alter it. I have a few programs on my computer that need to be run as root because they do some low-level networking (raw sockets and the like), and these programs alter my "/etc/resolv.conf" file. Well I need to find a way of making my "/etc/resolv.conf" file READ-ONLY, even for the root user. It doesn't seem as though the Linux filesystem provides a means of doing this, reason being that the root user will always be able to alter any file it wants to. I was thinking though... there's some way I could turn my "/etc/resolv.conf" file into a virtual file of some sort, like maybe I could use some sort of mount program to mount the file as read-only... ?