I copied my system disk to a spare disk. Both disks are listed in my BIOS "hard disk boot priority list".How do I install grub on the spare disk in order to boot from it when my system disk is no longer present or when I set my spare disk on top of the priority list ?
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I want to build a 6xSATA RAID 5 system with on of the disks as spare disk. I think this give me a chance of 2 of 6 disks failing without losing data. I am right?
Hardware: Intel ICH10R
First I will creat a 3xSATA RAID 5, after I will add the spare disk and after that I will add the others disks. This is what I think I should do.
Step 1:
Create RAID Device
Code:
mdadm --create --verbose /dev/md0 --metadata 1.2 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
I read that "--metadata 1.2" is the best option. It is true?
Create filesystem on the RAID device
Using this method of calculation:
* chunk size = 128kB (for RAID 5)
* block size = 4kB (recommended for large files, and most of time)
* stride = chunk / block = 128kB / 4k = 32kB
* stripe-width = stride * ( (n disks in raid5) - 1 ) = 32kB * ( (5)- 1 ) = 32kB * 4 = 128kb
Then:
Code:
mkfs.ext3 -v -m .1 -b 4096 -E stride=32,stripe-width=128 /dev/md0
Step 2:
Add spare-disk
Code:
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdd1
Is this enough?
Step 3:
Adding disks:
Code:
mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sde1
mdadm --grow /dev/md0 --raid-devices=4
fsck.ext3 /dev/md0
resize2fs /dev/md0
I want to build a 6xSATA RAID 5 system with on of the disks as spare disk. I think this give me a chance of 2 of 6 disks failing without losing data. I am right? Hardware: Intel ICH10R First I will creat a 3xSATA RAID 5, after I will add the spare disk and after that I will add the others disks. This is what I think I should do.
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EDIT:I'm thinking in put LVM with the RAID 5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of it (LVM over RAID 5). It is safe? My MB (Asus P5Q) have Chipset Intel P45 ICH10R. What kind of RAID have it? Hardware RAID, fake RAID, BIOS RAID, software RAID? This are the specs of storage
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Is it possible to install GRUB in the MBR of the only bootable disk in the system, but load configuration and images from another disk?Basically I want to install GRUB on /dev/sda, but menu and images will be under /dev/sdb2.Note: /dev/sdb is not bootable.
View 14 Replies View RelatedI decided to install ubuntu 10.04 on a spare computer. It seems to work fine, but every now and then it will freeze, display a ubuntu logo on a purple background the logo is all dis assembled] then it goes to a black screen [does not display a source] and then every second flashes to a black screen with white lines extending from the top of the screen to the middle. my specs are 2.00ghz processor pentium 4, 495 mb of ram and it is a dell desktop
View 1 Replies View RelatedI need to install GRUB on my USB-drive. I've gone through variety of manuals and articles but I have strange errors during install.
1) Insert USB in my laptop.
2) My OpenSUSE automatically mount an USB-drive, so I unmount it
Code: umount /media/disk-1
3) Format USB-drive into ext3
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I would like to know if I can use spare partition to install new versions of Ubuntu ("use" as the CD drive, or USB stick; not as the destination of the installation).I have Ubuntu on my computer, and unused partitions on the hard disk. I would like to upgrade to ubuntu, but without needing to burn another cd or an (sufficiently) empty usb stick to do it.
I imagine that this is possible, as the partitions may be booted from, and the contents of the iso image are understandable by the installed Ubuntu. But I don't know how to do it - put the iso contents on a partition and boot from it to install a new Ubuntu.
In particular, this is with regards to freevo, but it applies to anything that can be obtained through apt-get.
How do i remove it, and re-install it, and start again from scratch? Time and again i do "apt-get delete blah", then "apt-get install blah", only to find it's exactly the same as it was in the first place, and still broken.
Why does this happen? How can i make sure everything is COMPLETELY GONE. I don't care about lost data, i don't care about lost config files, or anything. There is just one aim here - i want it to work again.
I'm convinced that mdadm is going to be the death of me. I've wasted numerous hours on this so far without luck.
OpenSuse 11.4 on an old Supermicro box, creating a software RAID1 array across 2 x IDE 500GB disks. Creating /dev/md0 as a 250MB partition across /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdd1 for /boot, another 465GB partition across /dev/sda2 and /dev/sdd2 as an LVM partition to hold volumes for the various other OS filesystems. After the initial installation and configuration there were a series of mishaps with faulty IDE cables that had drives failing to show up at boot. Somehow, /dev/sdd2 got configured to array /dev/md1 as a spare drive. And nothing I've done so far gets it to show up as an active drive.
The obvious step of failing the partition, removing it, then adding (or re-adding) will bring it back as a spare. I've tried roughly a dozen different permutations of those same steps. The latest was to 'dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdd2' to clear the partition. Thought this might be the trick - after the zero, mdadm -E /dev/sdd2 reported 'no superblock' and no md1 configuration.
So 'mdadm --add /dev/md1 /dev/sdd2' and it still comes back as a spare. Here is mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
Version : 1.0
Creation Time : Sat Jul 9 10:26:01 2011
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 488119160 (465.51 GiB 499.83 GB)
code....
I can't stop this array, the OS is running from there. I can't easily boot from CD to repair, all IDE ports have disks attached.
Does anyone have an incantation to promote a spare to active?
I'm having trouble getting a system to boot. Specifically, I think the MBR is trashed and I don't know how to repair it. I'm scared to experiment The system has a PATA DVD drive, a SATA drive via a motherboard connector and two 3ware RAID controllers. I can boot systems from the DVD drive but when I try to boot from the hard drive grub says Error 2 (which is a stage 1.5 error, I think).
The m/b SATA drive has both a 10.3 and an 11.1 system installed, on partions 2 and 3 respectively. Partition 1 is a swap partition. The RAID arrays are whole-disk LVM systems containing data. I want to run the 10.3 system. The BIOS is set to boot from the DVD then the m/b SATA, and NOT to boot from the RAIDs. Two issues worry me: grub's disk numbering and grub version dependency. If I boot into the rescue system on the 10.3 install DVD it shows the partitioned disk as /dev/sda. If I boot into the rescue system on the 11.1 install DVD it shows the partitioned disk as /dev/sdc. I suppose that means something in the kernel changed?
If I run grub in the 11.1 rescue system, I can say "find /boot/grub/menu.lst" and it reports two files on (hd2,1) and (hd2,2). If I run grub in the 10.3 rescue system it says error 15 file not found.I'm scared to use 11.1 grub to setup hd2 because when I've tried previously I've managed to overwrite the LVM metadata on one of the RAID arrays. Is there some way I might get the find command in the 10.3 grub to work? Or is there some way to test what the 11.1 grub will do that is non-destructive.
Every time I start my computer, I get a message saying:
I press any key, and the start-up completes without further problems. The first line on the screen after I press any key is
I`ve looked on the web, and grub stage 1.5 seems to be where the size of the hard drive is identified. Problems often seem to be linked to partitioning. My hard drive has (since new) a 115GB and a 5GB partition.
When I try to access the 5GB partition, I get the following error message:
Linux 2.6.34-12-desktop i686
System: openSUSE 11.3 (i586)
KDE: 4.4.4 (KDE 4.4.4) "release 2"
I have a dual boot machine (Win XP + Ubuntu 9.10 on separate physical drives) which was working fine. I now want to replace the Ubuntu 9.10 with LinuxMCE which is based on Ubuntu 8.10. Using the LinuxMCE install disk, I did a fresh install of Ubuntu 8.10 over the top of Ubuntu 9.10 (repartitioning the whole drive). On reboot, I now get a Grub "no such disk" error. I have run the boot info script which produced the following RESULT.txt:
Code:
Boot Info Summary:
=> Grub 2 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks for
(UUID=6a59ab9e-041f-41e2-b27c-02b8ada4c1af)/boot/grub.
=> Grub 0.97 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb and looks on the same drive
in partition #1 for /boot/grub/stage2 and /boot/grub/menu.lst.
=> Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc
[Code]....
That is my disk
Code:
fdisk -l
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 1 3724 29912998+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 29256 30401 9205245 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda3 3725 4271 4393777+ 5 Extended
/dev/sda4 * 4272 12104 62918572+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda5 3725 4271 4393746 82 Linux swap / Solaris
I want ot install a new opensuse 11.4 as yest another OS. Due to the fact that I already have 4 sda partitions, I have to make some changes. What I am thinking about is to copy the sda2 (windows recovery) data to some folder etc (nevermind), then delete the sda2. Then I want to create a new primary partition for the new suse 11.4 and install it. What is worying me is the grub boot menu. I was planning to edit the new one (the opensuse 11.4), with old data.
Code:
###Don't change this comment - YaST2 identifier: Original name: linux###
title Desktop -- openSUSE 11.2 - 2.6.31.5-0.1
root (hd0,3)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31.5-0.1-desktop root=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-Hitachi_HTS542525K9SA00_080105BB0F00WDHE41DC-part4 resume=/dev/disk/by-id/ata-Hitachi_HTS542525K9SA00_080105$
initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.31.5-0.1-desktop .....
Now my question is will the settings of (hda0,n), change due to the fact that I have deleted the sda2? I have a lot of unused space at the end of my disk and want to create a new "sda2" there.
I have an old HP PC with 2 drives: Primary (C = 20GB) and a slave (E = 60GB). I have Windows XP Pro OS (which I want to completely replace with Ubuntu). Ubuntu 10.10 is installed on E as a side-by-side (with XP on C). I am done testing Ubuntu and now want to completely replace the XP OS.Ubuntu is installed on E-drive as a partition. ISSUE: When I log on the PC goes directly to the GRUB menu but I get no option to boot from the Live Disk 10.10 during the boot-up.
HISTORY: I have tried (unsuccessfully) to remove Ubuntu from my E-drive by use of the uninstall function from Windows control panel. I have also tried to remove it using the manage/Disk Management process but the "Format" and "Delete" options are unavailable (grayed out) so cannot use that. I would like to do a complete clean up and fresh install of Ubuntu as my only OS.I have read and tried a number of internet articles / recommendations about opening BIOS and redirecting the start-up to the disk, but I do not get any option or any time during the boot to do that.
QUESTIONS:
1) How can I get my HP PC to boot from (recognize) the Ubuntu Live Disk (CD)?
2) Would a complete removal and clean reinstallation be a better approach?
3) And how can I remove Ubuntu from the partition on E (as I want to dedicate the C-drive exclusively for Ubuntu)?
This is my first post so please be patient. I am unfamiliar with this part of the installation process.
Is there a way to re-install grub on the master boot record of a hard disk using a live cd?If so will i have to configure it?I'm trying to install a linux distro on my ao751h(with poulsbo ) but i after installing it i can't boot.I get an error 15 or a flashing underscore.I have already tried ubuntu,debian,mint and slackware(LILO isn't compatible with poulsbo).Also,does anybody experience problems with the ubuntu 10.04 and 10.10 installers or is it only me?when i choose the language and keyboard settings the installation stop as it is and i get a crash report.
View 4 Replies View RelatedDownloaded Ubuntu 10.04.1 Desktop AMD64, tried to install it to a cleand HDD using the whole HDD, i.e. gave it permission to use the whole HDD. Installation process appeared to run OK but when it came to the restart it just fired up the message
error: out of disk
grub rescue>
I've searched this forum and found numerous references to these error messages but cannot make head nor tail of the diagnostic suggestions. Apart from anything else they suggest strings of command lines which I don't understand and can't enter anyway since they don't correspond to my keyboard layout (if I hit > or ) something completely different appears on the screen). Is there someone here who can provide a step-by-step solution in lay language ? Or is there such a thing as a bootable file which can be downloaded and inserted into my CD drive to correct this problem ?
Company laptop HP Compaq 6710b, NTFS on hd0, Win7 installed. BIOS allows boot from USB drive, so wanted to use Ubuntu with no influence on laptop (no disconnecting internal drive, no dual boot, etc). Performed an install from CD to an USB drive making a JFS partition mounted on / and a swap partition. The installer made the JFS partition bootable (boot flag is set) as I asked. On first boot I got:
error: hd0 out of disk.
grub rescue>
error: unknown filesystem grub rescue>
Background: My mother's HP laptop had Ubuntu and Vista on it, Ubuntu my brother's doing. He decided he wanted to take off Ubuntu yesterday (he had forgotten the password), and deleted the partition that it was contained within. The computer now boots to this error.
Inventory: We no longer have the install disk for Windows Vista, he cannot tell me what version he used of Ubuntu, what partition it was on, any of the specs for the machine, or generally any information about the system. All I am aware of is that error on the boot-up screen. I have nothing else to work with.
I would like to remove Grub, and Ubuntu, and leave Windows intact (the request of the owner of the computer), but I have no idea what commands I could use to get rid of either when I can't access Windows, or how to properly remove them if I did access Windows.
I know nothing about this at all. I have never programmed a computer.. I loaned my tower to a friend who put this on ...now i have it back and cant get to my windows 98. all i get each time i boot is ...
GRUB loading ... error:no such disk grub recover>
I have tried ubuntu sec 8.4 recover mode and all i get is unreconized command.. i do not know how to set anything.. i have no disks for this not even the orginal windows recover disk.. is their anything i can do to get win to run as it use to??
If I use the super grub disk I can get to my ubuntu partition otherwise my windows partition boots automatically. I spent over an hour in the community documentation using the live cd to reinstall grub and nothing has fixed it. I think that grub is installed and the windows bootloader is just taking precedence.
View 3 Replies View RelatedIn terms of hard disk failure when using raid 1 setup,how important is to use one of the following (example) partition setups not to run in "GRUB hard disk error" if one of the disks fails.Which method is prefered? To make "boot" partition or not?
1st:
* /boot 100 MB
* /swap 1GB
* / 10 GB
* /home (the rest of the hard disk)
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I have a sata 320 gb with mandriva linux 2009.1 on it.And it is what curently atached to my cpu. It is shown as 'sda' in the partition table.I also have another 40gb hard disk with windows xp installed on it.It is shown as 'hda' in the partition table . Now what i want to do is attach this 40gb hard disk to my pc and configure grub on my 320gb hard disk('sda') so as to boot windows xp(which is residing on the second hard disk,'hda')Can anyone tell me if what im doing is feasible or not? If it is feasible,can anyone suggest me how to get it working. I know i just need to add 2-3 lines to my grub.conf, but dont know what exactly i need to write.
View 3 Replies View RelatedI had a dual boot (windows 7 + debian), both of them installed in my internal hard disk, with the GRUB in it. I have recently installed a second linux distro (mint), but I put it in an external hard disk. Now the GRUB allows me to boot any of the three operating systems, but I need the external disk to do it. It seems that after the mint installation the GRUB is now working from the external disk (if the external disk is not connected, the machine does not boot.) �Is there a way to change the location of the GRUB, to the internal hard disk of my laptop?
View 2 Replies View RelatedI'm running Karmic Server with GRUB2 on a Dell XPS 420. Everything was running fine until I changed 2 BIOS settings in an attempt to make my Virtual Box guests run faster. I turned on SpeedStep and Virtualization, rebooted, and I was slapped in the face with a grub error 15. I can't, in my wildest dreams, imagine how these two settings could cause a problem for GRUB, but they have. To make matters worse, I've set my server up to use Luks encrypted LVMs on soft-RAID. From what I can gather, it seems my only hope is to reinstall GRUB. So, I've tried to follow the Live CD instructions outlined in the following article (adding the necessary steps to mount my RAID volumes and LVMs). [URL]
If I try mounting the root lvm as 'dev/vg-root' on /mnt and the boot partition as 'dev/md0' on /mnt/boot, when I try to run the command $sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/md0, I get an errors: grub-setup: warn: Attempting to install GRUB to a partition instead of the MBR. This is a BAD idea. grub-setup: error: Embedding is not possible, but this is required when the root device is on a RAID array or LVM volume.
Somewhere in my troubleshooting, I also tried mounting the root lvm as 'dev/mapper/vg-root'. This results in the grub-install error: $sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt/ /dev/md0 Invalid device 'dev/md0'
Obviously, neither case fixes the problem. I've been searching and troubleshooting for several hours this evening, and I must have my system operational by Monday morning. That means if I don't have a solution by pretty early tomorrow morning...I'm screwed. A full rebuild will by my only option.
Want to install ubuntu on existing Homebrew win7 box that has a spare unused hdd, and am a bit lost as to where to start.
Asus p5qpl-am micro
4 gigs a data gaming ram-ddr2-6400 pink
antec 430 earthwatts
on board intel x4500 dsub only
intel e6300 2.8 oc at 3.4
antec 300 case
windows 7x64 on wd 500 aaks drive
spare seagate 750 hdd for ubuntu
gig enet
DVD-Rom Drive: TSSTcorp CDDVDW TS-H663B ATA Device sata
wireless b/g/n Zonenet usb Network Card :
Do not have to dual boot, although it would be nice...can go to bios to select boot drive
AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 PCIe Ethernet Controller
I have a spare duel core pc with 500GB HDD and 2GB memory so decided last night to do a full format and a complete install of ubuntu 10.10. My mission is to turn it into a web server. I have installed xampp for Linux and everything seems to be running smooth.
1) I used sudo apt-get install openssh-server and edited the sshd_config to change the port to 28. I have also opened the ports in my router but when i try to connect from another network pc i get connection refused.
2) I have a domain name I would like to assign to my server pc but don't know how to do it since "ifconfig" states 192.168.1.3 and my external IP from "whatsmyip.com" keeps changing.
How do I configure a spare pc as a firewall for my home and what distro would I use?
View 1 Replies View RelatedI'm currently studying about LVM because of the snapshot features. I notice that most tutorials that I have read involves a spare hard drive or unused partition. I don't have a spare hard drive or unused partition on my server but I still have disk space if ever it was possible to do the snapshot on the same LVM partition.
is it possible to do snapshot on the same LVM partition?
I have xp/fc8 on an older ide drive and just installed a new sata 1T and planned to put fc10 on it but in the process I killed my fc8 installation. I told the installer that the other disks were off limits but it was somewhat confusing at the bootloader page. So, I suspect that I told it boot off the fc8 disk. If that is the case is there a way to restore the fc8 install by somehow rescuing the /boot partition on the fc8 disk?
View 14 Replies View RelatedI am installing a number of boxes with RHEL 6, using a kickstart file I made and put on a boot disk.I am having trouble, however, when using this disk. The boot loader recognizes my kickstart file, but when it prompts me that it can't find the RHEL distro on my disk, and that I need to insert the DVD that contains the distro, I cannot eject the CD. Button pushy, no ejecty. I tried a paper clip to open the drive, but even after inserting the distro disk this way, it doesn't see it. It's like anaconda is wrapped around the mount of the boot disk and won't let go.
There's nothing special I need to have in the kickstart file for this to work right? I have thought about putting an eject statement in the post section, but that isn't even used until the OS is installed is it? I can get around this by creating a distro DVD with my kickstart file, but I'd rather not do that, and use the kickstart/boot disk functionality as intended.
